■China Economic Times reporter Zhao Shan
Premier Li Qiang of the State Council recently presided over a symposium of experts and entrepreneurs on the economic situation to listen to the opinions and suggestions on the current economic situation and the next step of economic work, and proposed to promote the implementation of various deployments to accelerate the implementation of results. On the eve of the release of the first quarter economic data, what signals did the symposium release?
01
It has fully released the signal of stabilizing expectations, improving quality and stabilizing growth
At present, the positive factors in China's economic development are increasing, and market confidence is increasing. From the perspective of leading indicators, the manufacturing purchasing managers' index (PMI), non-manufacturing business activity index and composite PMI output index in March were all in the expansion range, indicating that the production and business activities of enterprises accelerated. In the first two months, the year-on-year growth rate of manufacturing investment and industrial added value above designated size continued to rebound, and imports and exports also continued the growth trend since October last year.
What is the significance of convening this symposium at this juncture?
Guan Bing, director of the Institute of Industrial Economics of CCID Research Institute, said in an interview with a reporter from the China Economic Times that the symposium, on the one hand, released a "concern" signal, reflecting the great concern of the Party Central Committee and the State Council to the current economic situation and the opinions of entrepreneurs; on the other hand, it released a "policy" signal, reflecting the firm confidence of the Party Central Committee and the State Council in stabilizing economic growth.
Zhao Yonghui, vice chairman of the China Enterprise Management Research Association, said in an interview with a reporter from the China Economic Times that the symposium fully released the signal of stabilizing expectations, improving quality and stabilizing growth.
Stabilizing expectations is to always adhere to the "two unwavering", deepen the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, optimize the development environment of private enterprises, and implement the national treatment of foreign-funded enterprises with high standards, so that state-owned enterprises dare to work, private enterprises dare to enter, and foreign enterprises dare to invest.
Improving quality means that all business entities should adapt measures to local conditions, focus on the shortcomings of core technologies, optimize and improve the management system and mechanism, accelerate the cultivation and formation of new quality productivity, and effectively improve the core competitiveness of enterprises.
Stabilizing growth means further consolidating and enhancing the positive trend of economic recovery, accurately handling the dialectical relationship between quality and speed, scale and efficiency, long-term strategy and short-term goals, and achieving the annual economic growth target with high quality.
"This symposium shows the firm determination of the mainland government to take strong and precise measures to promote sustained and healthy economic development. In order to promote the further release of economic vitality and resolve the difficulties and challenges faced for a long time such as the rising uncertainty of the international environment and the need for high-quality domestic development, a symposium was held at this node to listen to the feedback of experts on the macro situation and entrepreneurs' micro feelings, which is conducive to consolidating and enhancing the positive trend of economic recovery, and laying a good foundation for follow-up policies to be exerted in advance and fully exerted, so as to better boost market confidence. Shan Yanfei, an assistant researcher at the Enterprise Research Institute of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said in an interview with a reporter from the China Economic Times.
02
He pointed out four directions for doing a good job in the current economic work
At present, with the development of new productive forces and the transformation of old and new kinetic energy, the economy is facing many challenges while growing steadily.
Guan Bing believes that since the beginning of this year, the mainland's economy has rebounded for the better, and a number of indicators have performed well. However, the situation at home and abroad is still grim and complex, and the foundation for steady economic recovery is still not solid: First, the pressure of insufficient demand is still there. From January to February, the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 5.5% year-on-year, which has not yet recovered to the pre-epidemic level. Second, the cost pressure of enterprises is still there. From January to February, the cost per 100 yuan of operating income of industrial enterprises increased by 0.11 yuan year-on-year, but the producer price index (PPI) was still in the declining range, and the profit margin of enterprises declined. Third, external uncertainties remain. The global economic recovery is slow, geopolitical conflicts and great power competition will continue, and the growth of mainland exports is facing great uncertainty.
In an interview with a reporter from the China Economic Times, Hu Min, a researcher at the Central Party School (National Academy of Administration), said that the forum pointed out that the current economic work should be done well in four aspects: First, it is necessary to consolidate the foundation and cultivate the yuan, stabilize growth and increase stamina; second, to promote scientific and technological innovation and expand effective demand with policy leverage; third, to treat both the symptoms and the root causes and resolve risks in key areas; and fourth, to put the work of people's livelihood in a prominent position and strive to strengthen and improve people's livelihood. These four aspects also concentrate on the difficult and key issues in the current economic development, and they are intertwined. The breakthrough or entry point to solve the problem is to strengthen policy guidance, coordinate aggregate policies and structural policies, and make greater efforts to promote institutional reform to expand domestic demand, so as to fully stimulate the vitality and creativity of market players.
Zhao Yonghui believes that at present, it is necessary to further improve the coordination and accuracy of policy guidance on economic operation, especially to attach great importance to the monitoring and implementation effect evaluation of macroeconomic policies on the transmission process of microeconomic operation and market operators, so as to realize the dynamic closed loop of the economic policy system. To solve this problem, we need to focus on the following aspects.
First, at the industrial level, it is necessary to conduct in-depth investigation and research, listen to opinions extensively, systematically study and summarize the difficulties and blockages in the process of economic operation and industrial transformation and upgrading, form a list of key issues restricting high-quality development, and form a cross-departmental coordinated industrial policy based on the list of problems.
Second, at the enterprise level, focus on the practical problems existing in technology, capital, talent, management, finance, law and other aspects of various micro-business entities, adhere to problem-oriented and precise policies, and ensure that policies are directly enjoyed.
03
At the national level, the focus is on "stable growth"
At the enterprise level, the focus is on "strong stamina"
The symposium pointed out that it is necessary to pay attention to precise policies, grasp the key to scientific and technological innovation to promote industrial innovation and the prominent contradiction of insufficient effective demand, and improve the effectiveness of macro policies to micro transmission.
Guan Bing suggested that in the next step, comprehensive measures are still needed to promote sustained economic recovery.
At the national level, the emphasis is on "stabilizing growth", and it is still necessary to continue to make efforts to stabilize expectations, stabilize employment, and reduce costs; take advantage of the opportunity of more holidays in the first half of the year to introduce more policies to promote consumption and promote the continuous recovery of consumption; and take advantage of the opportunity of intensive visits by foreign dignitaries to China to release the sincerity of opening up and cooperation, and create a stable and predictable external environment.
At the enterprise level, it is necessary to deepen innovation and development, increase R&D investment, and make long-term contributions in improving quality brands, increasing product added value, and strengthening collaborative innovation;
"Enterprises are the main body of deepening supply-side structural reform. State-owned enterprises should focus on their main responsibilities and main businesses, accelerate the development of new productive forces, accelerate the integration of resources, and promote the construction of a modern industrial system; small and medium-sized enterprises should find out their industrial positioning, deepen the potential demand of the market, focus on the research and development of 'specialization, refinement, and innovation', and create demand with innovative supply. Hu Min said.
Shan Yanfei said that the rapid development of Chinese enterprises in the past 40 years has benefited from institutional reform and policy support, and at present, Chinese enterprises are facing huge pressure of economic structural transformation and technological upgrading. In this context, if enterprises want to occupy a place in the fierce competition, they should pay more attention to changes in market demand, actively improve internal management methods, build a high-quality workforce, and improve product quality and competitiveness through innovation, so as to move towards the upstream of the value chain.
Zhao Yonghui suggested that it is necessary to further strengthen the integration and innovation of "government, industry, academia, research and application", focus on key "stuck neck" technologies, realize the gathering of innovation elements through the guidance of science and technology policies, and build an innovation system and innovation ecology of "government guidance, enterprise leadership, and market-oriented operation" guided by market demand, vigorously introduce and train strategic scientists and technical managers, improve the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements, and realize the organic unity of technological innovation, market demand and economic benefits.
"Driven by the innovation ecology, the innovation industry chain and innovation industry cluster have also come into being, which will help enterprises create more high-quality and low-cost products, reshape brand advantages and market competitive advantages with core technology advantages and cluster advantages, and continuously improve the international and domestic market share of enterprises. Zhao Yonghui said.
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