Affinity. Affinity refers to the ability of rootstock and scion to heal and survive and grow and develop normally after grafting, specifically referring to the similarities or differences between rootstock and scion in terms of internal tissue structure, physiological and genetic characteristics. The incompatibility or low affinity of rootstock and scion mainly has the following manifestations. Poor wound healing: can not heal after grafting or poor healing ability, low survival rate; some can heal, but the bud does not germinate; the firmness of healing is poor, and it is easy to break in the late growth stage. The growth results are abnormal: the leaves are yellowed after grafting, the leaves are small and clustered, the growth is weak, and even die; some flower buds are formed in large numbers in the early stage, and the fruit development is abnormal. The phenomenon of "big and small feet": the rootstock and the scion interface grow up and down in harmony, some have "big feet", some have "small feet", and some are in the shape of "rings". Incompatibility in the later stage: The early stage grows well, while the late stage appears in severe incompatibility.
Rootstock quality. When the rootstock and scion are fully developed and store a lot of nutrients, they are easy to survive after grafting. Therefore, branches with strong tissues and full buds should be selected as scion. In summer grafting, the survival rate of rootstock semi-lignification and scion lignification was the highest, and in spring grafting, the survival rate of rootstock lignification and scion lignification was high.
Temperature. In general, the callus grows slowly at about 15°C, at 15°C-20°C, the callus grows faster, and at 20°C-30°C, the callus grows faster. Among them, after grafting, the callus grew the fastest at 25°C. Therefore, in the spring bud grafting, try to graft the scion at the sunny place of the seedling to increase the temperature at the interface, and in the summer bud grafting, the scion should be grafted in the shade of the seedling as much as possible to reduce the temperature at the interface. When grafting in spring, the large shaved side should also be facing the sunny side to increase the temperature at the interface.
Humidity. Maintain a certain humidity at the interface (relative humidity above 95%, but no water accumulation) is conducive to the generation of callus. Therefore, the interface must be kept under humid environmental conditions, and the interface must be airtight and not breathable after grafting to prevent water evaporation. Inspection index: On the second day after grafting, there are no water droplets in the bound film, indicating that the binding is not strict and needs to be re-grafted.
Illumination. After grafting, calli grow faster in darker conditions. Therefore, when grafting in summer, try to graft the scion in the shade of the seedling.
Operational techniques. It is required to have proficient grafting technology during grafting operation, and under the correct grafting technology operating conditions, the faster the grafting speed, the higher the survival rate. Whether it is a rootstock or a scion, the cuts and shaved surfaces must be smooth, the joints should be tight, and the cambium layers should be aligned.
Spring fruit tree grafting, several key factors for survival are introduced here, I hope it will be helpful to everyone. If you want to buy high-quality and high-yield fruit trees, you can download the seed bank App, and the country's excellent fruit tree varieties are available for everyone to choose.
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