Topics in this issue: Gut-Brain Axis, Depression, Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Longevity, Reproduction, Guel-Bone Axis, Gut-Hepatic Axis, Ipsen, Infinant Health, Momo Kombucha, Aloha, H&H Group
The daily newspaper was published by R. AI-assisted creation generation, manual review and proofreading.
Jia Wei/Liu Tiemin/Zheng Xiaojiao Cell Journal: Enterobacterial metabolites regulate synaptic integrity and may improve depression
Cell Metabolism——[29]
(1) Jia Wei and Zheng Xiaojiao from Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Liu Tiemin from Fudan University and their team published a new study revealing the mechanism of homovanillic acid (HVA), a neuroactive substance produced by intestinal bacteria, to alleviate depression by regulating synaptic integrity, providing a new idea for the treatment of depression; (2) In depressed patients and depression model mice, the intestinal microbiota was changed, with a decrease in Bifidobacterium longum (Bl) and Rossobacterium enterica (Ri), accompanied by a decrease in blood HVA levels; (3) (4) In two types of depression model mice, supplementation with HVA, Bl or Ri significantly improved depressive symptoms;(5) Gut-derived HVA can cross the blood-brain barrier into the brain, prevent synaptic autophagic death by inhibiting the excessive degradation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and SQSTM1/p62 proteins, and protect the hippocampal neuronal presynaptic membrane.
【Original Information】
Gut bacteria-driven homovanillic acid alleviates depression by modulating synaptic integrity
2024-04-05 , doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.03.010
Endotoxin hypothesis for Alzheimer's disease (review)
Molecular Neurodegeneration——[15.1]
(1) Endotoxin hypothesis is proposed and supported that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may be involved in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by promoting amyloid pathology, tau pathology, and microglial activation; (2) Evidence supporting this hypothesis includes elevated blood and brain LPS levels in AD patients, AD risk factors that increase LPS levels or responses, LPS induces Aβ expression, aggregation, inflammation, and neurotoxicity, and LPS induces TAU phosphorylation, aggregation, and spread; Evidence also found that LPS in the blood can cause synaptic and neuronal loss and memory loss, as well as cognitive dysfunction in humans, in mouse models of AD;(4) If the LPS endotoxin hypothesis is true, treatments may include reducing infection, altering the gut microbiome, reducing intestinal leakage, reducing blood levels of LPS, or blocking LPS-induced responses.
【Original Information】
The endotoxin hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease
2024-04-02-02-21 , doi: 10.1186/s13024-024-006-0072-Y
Domestic team: Mixed probiotics can improve Alzheimer's disease-like cognitive impairment in mice
Brain Behavior and Immunity——[15.1]
(1) Tang Huidong's team from Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, found that multiple probiotic treatments could significantly improve Alzheimer's disease-like cognitive impairment and pathological changes in rapidly aging model mice (SAMP8), (2) SAMP8 mice could significantly improve cognitive ability after treatment with two different compound probiotics, (3) probiotic treatment could regulate serum short-chain fatty acids (such as valeric acid, (4) Mixed probiotic treatment could significantly reduce nerve injury, Aβ and Tau protein pathology, and brain inflammation in SAMP8 mice;(5) Transcriptome analysis showed that probiotic treatment could reverse the phosphorylation changes of AKT/GSK-3β pathway in SAMP8 mice.α
【Original Information】
Multi-strain probiotics ameliorates Alzheimer's-like cognitive impairment and pathological changes through the AKT/GSK-3β pathway in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 mice
2024-03-26 , doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.031
Fecal transplantation improves early Parkinson's disease
EClinicalMedicine——[15.1]
(1) a 12-month single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of fecal bacteria transplantation (FMT) in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD); (2) A total of 46 PD patients were divided into healthy donor and placebo groups, and the average improvement in motor scores in PD patients who received fecal transplantation from healthy donors was 5.8 points and 2.7 points in the placebo group;(3) No other serious adverse events were observed between the two groups except for temporary abdominal discomfort;(4) This study suggests that a single dose of FMT has a subtle but long-lasting beneficial effect on motor symptoms in patients with early PD, and further exploration is needed in the larger patient population at different disease stages.
【Original Information】
Safety and efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease (GUT-PARFECT): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 2 trial
2024-03-27 , doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102563
Domestic team: artificial intelligence + intestinal microenvironment to help the early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease
Advanced Science——[15.1]
(1) The team of Miao Yangbao at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China has developed a powerful tool for predicting Parkinson's disease (PD) with high precision by combining artificial intelligence with cutting-edge imaging technology and intestinal microenvironment;(2) This AI-guided imaging sensor uses an acid-resistant, luminescent europium metal-organic framework (Eu-MOF) with precise aperture and Au-aptamer nanoparticle complexes for non-invasive PD monitoring and diagnosis;(3) Experiments in mice have demonstrated that Eu-MOF can effectively encapsulate and protect aptamers under harsh gastrointestinal conditions, and that the fluorescence signal of Eu-MOF is activated in the presence of α-Syn in the mouse gut, and its intensity increases with the increase of aptamer/α-Syn complex release;(4) The integration of artificial intelligence gives the prediction accuracy of each stage of PD with an accuracy rate of more than 98%;(5) The study demonstrates the potential of using artificial intelligence and advanced sensors to monitor and predict various diseases and health conditions.
【Original Information】
Artificial Intelligence-Guided Gut-Microenvironment-Triggered Imaging Sensor Reveals Potential Indicators of Parkinson's Disease
2024-04-03 , doi: 10.1002/advs.202307819
Domestic team: multi-omics reveals the gut-brain axis of long-lived elderly
Gut Microbes——[12.2]
(1) Shen Lu, Zhao Zhixiang and their team from Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, revealed the role of the gut-brain axis in longevity through multi-omics analysis;(2) Eighty-three long-lived people with an average age of 94 years and 81 family members living with a long-lived population with an average age of 64 years old were included for fecal multiomic testing, and it was found that compared with the control family members, there were 438 significantly different metabolites in the intestines of the long-lived elderly, among which neuroactive compounds and anti-inflammatory substances were richer;(3) Metagenomic data revealed that the abundant neuroactive metabolites in the gut of long-lived elderly people were closely related to specific intestinal microbiota;(4) the altered gut microbiota and metabolites were associated with enhanced brain connectivity in long-lived adults, especially between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-left anterior motor cortex, the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-right main motor area, and the right lower frontal gyrus-right main motor area;(5) The potentially beneficial gut microbiota can indirectly improve cognition by synthesizing neuroactive compounds and enhancing brain functional connectivity.
【Original Information】
Integrated analysis of gut metabolome, microbiome, and brain function reveal the role of gut-brain axis in longevity
2024-03-28 , Yogurt: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2331434
Domestic team: Microplastics affect the intestine and damage hematopoietic stem cells
Cell Discovery——[33.5]
(1) Pengxu Qian and Huang He's team from Zhejiang University revealed the mechanism of microplastics (MPs) to inhibit the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by destroying the intestinal microbiota-hypoxanthine-Wnt signaling axis, which is of great significance for clinical HSCs transplantation;(2) In mouse models with long-term ingestion of MPs, MPs can seriously damage the hematopoietic system and reduce the self-renewal and reconstruction ability of HSCs;(3) Mechanistically, MPs do not directly kill HSCs, but destroy the intestinal structure and permeability, resulting in a decrease in the abundance of Rikenellaceae and hypoxanthine in the intestine, thereby inhibiting HPRT-Wnt signaling in bone marrow HSCs;(4) Supplementation of Rikenellaceae or hypoxanthine and treatment of WNT10A in an in vitro culture system can significantly restore the deficiency of HSCs induced by MPs;(5) In the cohort of patients transplanted with HSCs from healthy donors, patient survival was inversely correlated with the level of MPs in donor feces and blood, and positively correlated with the abundance of Rikenellaceae and hypoxanthines.
【Original Information】
Microplastics dampen the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells by disrupting the gut microbiota-hypoxanthine-Wnt axis
2024-03-29, doi: 10.1038/s41421-024-00665-0
Sex-affirming hormone therapy affects skeletal maturation in male mice through gut microbiota
Journal of Clinical Investigation——[15.9]
(1) Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT), which is commonly prescribed to transgender adolescents to alleviate gender dysphoria, investigated the effects of GAHT on developing bones, (2) GAHT improved trabecular bone structure by increasing bone formation in young male mice, and did not affect female mice; (3) GAHT altered the gut microbial composition of male and female mice, and FMT showed that the male gut microbiota shaped by GAHT could transplant and regulate the bone structure of other male mice, while female mice did not;(4) The two Bacteroides have important contributions to the skeletal effect of GAHT in male mice, and the effect of GAHT on bone can be reproduced by supplementation of the two Bacteroides, and the Terg subset in the intestine can be expanded, that is, GAHT expands the intestinal regulatory T cells (Tregs) in male mice and stimulates their migration to the bone marrow (BM), affecting the bone formation process;(5) Pharmacological blockade of Treg cell expansion can inhibit GAHT-induced bone metabolism. (6) In male mice, GAHT stimulates bone formation and improves trabecular bone structure by promoting Treg expansion through microbiome-mediated effects, whereas in female mice, GAHT neither improves nor impairs beam-like structure.
【Original Information】
Gender affirming hormone therapy preserves skeletal maturation in young mice via the gut microbiome
2024-03-26, DOI: 10.1172/JCI175410
Repair of intestinal CFTR or modulation of microbiota may alleviate cystic fibrosis-related liver disease
Journal of Hepatology——[25.7]
(1) This study revealed the important role of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis-associated liver disease (CFLD) in mice, and pointed out that repairing intestinal cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) or regulating microbiota may prevent or alleviate liver disease; There was an increase in macrophages and T cells, and the activation of inflammation and pathogen-mediated immune pathways, while no obvious pathological changes were observed in the livers of intestinal repair (CFTR-KO-GC) mice;(3) Intestinal flora dysbiosis, Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococci were enriched, intestinal permeability was increased, and mucosal inflammation was not observed in CFTR-KO-GC mice;(4) Antibiotic treatment could improve intestinal permeability and liver inflammation in CFTR-KO mice;(5) The transplantation of CFTR-KO mouse flora into germ-free WT mice could not lead to dysbiosis or liver pathological changes, that is, intestinal CFTR deficiency maintained pathogenic flora and inflammatory environment and changed intestinal permeability.
【Original Information】
Prominent role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis-related liver disease in mice
2024-03-28 , Yogurt: 10.1016/J.J.J.2024.03.041
Domestic team: Intestinal microbiota exosomes affect a new mechanism of spermatogenesis
Advanced Science——[15.1]
(1) The latest research by Chunjin Li, Xu Zhou and their team from Jilin University revealed the molecular mechanism of sperm damage in mice caused by intestinal dysbiosis, and emphasized the important role of intestinal exosomes in the "gut-testicle" axis;(2) Antibiotic intervention and fecal bacteria transplantation experiments showed that intestinal dysbiosis changed the miRNA expression profile in circulating exosomes in mice, thereby impairing sperm production;(3) Single-cell sequencing results of testicular tissue showed that exosomes impair spermatogenesis by inhibiting meiosis;(4) Aberrant upregulation of miR-211-5p in enterocirculating exosomes inhibits the expression of the specific meiosis-related protein Meioc in the testis, thereby interfering with the meiosis process and resulting in impaired spermatogenesis.
【Original Information】
Gut-Derived Exosomes Mediate the Microbiota Dysbiosis-Induced Spermatogenesis Impairment by Targeting Meioc in Mice
2024-03-25 , doi: 10.1002/advs.202310110
Ipsen's "Lanreotide" was approved for a new indication in China for the treatment of rare diseases
(1) On April 3, Ipsen announced that its drug Lanreotide Acetate Sustained-Release Injection (prefillable) was approved for a new indication in China;(2) Indications include adult patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) to improve progression-free survival (PFS) and adult patients with carcinoid syndrome to reduce the frequency of emergency treatment with short-acting somatostatin analogues;(3) The drug was previously approved in China in 2019 for the treatment of acromegaly;(4) GEP-NETs have been included in China's Second Batch of Rare Disease List, and Lanreotide can significantly prolong PFS by 38.5 months and reduce the risk of disease recurrence by 53% ;(5) Lanreotide showed positive results in a registrational study (PALACE) of patients with GEP-NETs in China.
【Original Information】
For this rare disease, Ipsen's "Lanreotide" has been approved for a new indication in China
2024-04-05 , Pharma Guanlan
Infinant Health提交INF108治疗NEC孤儿药物资格认定
(1) On April 2, Infinant Health announced that it had submitted an orphan drug designation (ODD) application to the FDA for INF108, (2) the active ingredient of the live bacterium INF108 is a strain of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infants, which is designed to prevent necrotizing colitis of prematurity (NEC) by improving the intestinal flora of infants;(3) NEC is common in preterm infants, the cause is not yet clear, and there is evidence that supplementation with beneficial intestinal flora can improve the disease; (4) Currently, Infinant Health has received funding from leading companies or fund brands such as the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Johnson & Johnson and Cargill.
【Original Information】
Infinant Health Announces Submission of Orphan Drug Designation Application
2024-04-02 , pr newswire
康巴茶品牌Momo Kombucha完成100万英镑融资
(1) Recently, the British Kangba brand Momo Kombucha announced the completion of a 1 million pounds (about 9.13 million yuan) financing, funded by its existing shareholders;(2) Momo Kombucha plans to use the funds to relocate to a larger factory and expand production capacity to meet the growing demand for intestinal health drinks;(3) According to The Grocer, the size of the British Kangba tea market reached 19.3 million pounds. The Australian market is also growing dramatically: (4) Momo Kombucha currently has 1,000 sales outlets in the UK and is targeting £10 million in revenue by 2026.
【Original Information】
Momo Kombucha raises £1m to keep up with gut health demand
2024-04-03 , Thegrocer
Protein bar maker Aloha secures $68 million in funding
(1) Recently, Aloha, a protein bar manufacturer, announced that it has received a $68 million (about 492 million yuan) investment from Semcap Food &Nutrition, (2) Aloha is focused on producing high-protein energy bars with health benefits, each containing 14g of protein, and its raw materials are sourced with a focus on sustainability, and (3) since its restructuring in 2017, Aloha has achieved great success in the e-commerce space in Whole Grocery channels such as Foods also saw growth;(4) Aloha sales are expected to reach $100 million this year.
【Original Information】
Protein bar maker Aloha gets $68M from venture fund
2024-04-02 , Fooddive
H&H Group's nutrition and health food pilot plant was successfully completed
(1) On April 3, H&H Group's first pilot-scale production workshop invested and built in Guangzhou Science City, China, H&H Group's nutrition and health food pilot plant was officially completed;(2) The establishment of the pilot plant will strengthen H&H Group's ability in the field of nutrition and health food R&D and innovation, which will help products to be put into production quickly and meet consumer needs;(3) The nutrition and health food pilot plant covers an area of more than 1,000 square meters and is equipped with major equipment such as tablet presses and strip charter machines, which will help to enhance technological innovation capabilities;(4) H&H Group will continue to promote the R&D and innovation of nutritional and health foods, explore the development model of "production, education and research", and provide consumers with better nutritional solutions.
【Original Information】
H&H Group's nutrition and health food pilot plant was successfully completed, helping to drive scientific research + production capacity
2024-04-03 , Xinhua Press
感谢本期日报的审核者:mildbreeze,九卿臣,RZN,圆圈儿,章台柳,617,Richard
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