Feng Yuxiang who lives in seclusion in Mount Tai
From the defeat of the Anti-Chiang War in 1930 to the eve of the Anti-Japanese War, General Feng Yuxiang took refuge in Mount Tai twice.
For the first time, he took refuge in Mount Tai
In the summer of 1930, Feng Yuxiang united with Yan Xishan to oppose Chiang and provoke a war in the Central Plains. Because Zhang Xueliang led the Northeast Army to enter the pass to help Chiang, the war took a sharp turn and was defeated.
Subsequently, Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army, under the threat of Chiang Kai-shek, surrendered to Chiang one after another, such as Sun Lianzhong, Liang Guanying, Gao Shuxun and other troops. The rest of the remnants were authorized by Chiang Kai-shek to be organized into the 29th Army, and the army commander was Song Zheyuan. The army had two divisions, Feng Zhi'an's 37th Division and Zhang Zizhong's 38th Division.
At this time, Feng Yuxiang lived in Jishan County, southwest of Shanxi Province.
In the summer of 1931, the 29th Army moved to the area of Pingding and Yangquan in eastern Jindong, and at the same time, on the Longhai Road in southern Jinnan by Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Bing, Feng Yuxiang felt threatened and moved to the Yudao River in Fenyang County, western Shanxi. Yudaohe was close to a Red Army base in the northern Shaanxi Soviet area, and later Feng Yuxiang did not go to the northern Shaanxi Soviet area because Chiang Kai-shek did not make any further threats to Feng Yuxiang.
Feng Yuxiang watched the changes in the situation during the Yudaohe period in order to make a comeback.
In 1931, the September 18 Incident occurred, and the people of the whole country demanded resistance against Japan.
On January 28, 1932, Japanese imperialism provoked a war in Shanghai, and the 19th Route Army rose up to resist. On the one hand, Chiang Kai-shek was preparing to move the capital to Luoyang, and on the other hand, in order to cope with public opinion, he convened a state conference in Nanjing, and Feng Yuxiang was invited to Nanjing.
Feng originally wanted to cooperate with Chiang Kai-shek to fight against Japan, but Chiang Kai-shek did not really resist Japan, and succumbed to Japanese pressure and signed the "Songhu Agreement", which ended the war.
Although Feng Yuxiang was the main battle, he had no real power in his hands, so he was helpless, and he did not want to join the Jiang gang in Nanjing, and was ready to return to Shanxi.
Han Fuyu, chairman of the Kuomintang Shandong Provincial Government, was Feng Yuxiang's old subordinate, and although he had taken refuge in Chiang Kai-shek, he was unwilling to be held hostage by Chiang Kai-shek and wanted to dominate Shandong.
Therefore, Han Fuyu personally led the steel armored car to Xuzhou to welcome Feng Yuxiang to Shandong Taishan to recuperate, Feng Yuxiang also took into account that there will be a war between China and Japan in the future, and Shandong is the enemy's battleground, Han Fuyu is the old department of the Northwest Army, and staying in Shandong can play a certain role in the future war of resistance against Japan, therefore, he agreed not to return to the Yudao River to Shandong.
Subsequently, his pistol regiment and some of his staff also came to Shandong from Shanxi and lived with Mr. Feng in the area of Puzhao Temple in Tai'an.
This was Feng Yuxiang's first seclusion in Mount Tai.
The second time he took refuge in Mount Tai
In October 1932, Feng Yuxiang was invited by Ji Hongchang to arrive in Zhangjiakou, which was close to the anti-Japanese front, and began to cooperate with the Communist Party to organize armed anti-Japanese activities.
On May 26, 1933, Feng Yuxiang was inaugurated as the commander-in-chief of the People's Anti-Japanese Allied Army, Fang Zhenwu was appointed commander-in-chief of the former enemy, and Ji Hongchang was appointed commander-in-chief of the former enemy.
The allied forces sent a telegram to the whole country, advocating the unity of all parties, factions and armies, mobilizing all forces in the country, unanimously armed against Japan, and recovering the lost territory.
The establishment of the People's Anti-Japanese Allied Army won the support and support of the broad masses of the people, and the Allied Army rapidly expanded from a few thousand to more than 100,000 people.
On June 21, 1933, Ji Hongchang personally led the main force of the Allied Army, divided his troops into three routes, and went north to meet the Japanese army. The allied army hated the same enemy and had strong morale, and successively defeated the puppet army Zhang Haipeng, Liu Guitang and other units, and recovered Kangbao, Guyuan and other places.
On July 12, it conquered Duolun, a strategic point held by the Japanese army.
Feng Yuxiang and the Anti-Japanese Allied Army
The Allied army's capture of Duolun was the first heavy blow the Japanese army had encountered since the September 18 Incident. The Japanese army suffered heavy casualties, shocking both China and the world.
On the day of the reconquest of Duolun, Feng Yuxiang sent a telegram to Chiang Kai-shek, Wang Jingwei, He Yingqin, and others in Zhangjiakou, expressing the strong will of the allied forces to recover the lost territory and the achievements they had achieved under difficult conditions. It is hoped that they will abolish the armistice agreement signed with the Japanese and fight against Japan together.
Public opinion throughout the country was in solidarity with the Allied forces in resisting Japan, hailing the victory of recovering Duolun, and supporting the Allied forces with practical actions.
Contrary to the will of the people of the whole country, the Kuomintang government did everything possible to sabotage the anti-Japanese actions of the Allied forces, and even blatantly colluded with the Japanese aggressors to exert pressure on the Allied forces.
On 28 July, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Ching-wei sent a telegram to Feng Yuxiang, putting forward four demands: Do not arbitrarily set up military and political names; the victory of the Allied forces in Chabei has hindered the central border defense plan; do not indiscriminately collect stragglers and bandits; and do not use Communists to incite red trouble. In fact, it was to restrict the anti-Japanese activities of the Allied forces.
At the same time, He Yingqin colluded with the Japanese to draw up a plan to attack the allied forces.
Chiang Kai-shek mobilized troops to cut off the Pingsui Road and cut off the Allied army's food and ammunition supply. At the same time, according to the secret agreement with Chiang Kai-shek, the Japanese army also echoed each other in Chabei and attacked the Allied forces in two directions.
Under this internal and external attack, the Allied forces were in an extremely difficult situation.
In early August, the Allied General Headquarters held a military-political meeting to discuss the current situation, but failed to reach an opinion on future action.
Feng Yuxiang was afraid that it would cause a civil war and make the Japanese invaders reap the benefits of the fishermen, so on August 14, 1933, he resigned as commander-in-chief of the People's Anti-Japanese Allied Army and left Zhangjiakou and returned to Mount Tai.
This was the second time Feng lived in Taishan, and he lived there until 1936.
It can be said that Feng Yuxiang took refuge in Mount Tai twice, one was to take care of the overall situation and avoid civil war, and the other was to be forced by Jiang to be helpless.
Feng Yuxiang Taishan Memorial Hall is located in the scenic area of Mount Tai Puzhao Temple, two plum blossoms in the museum were planted by Mr. Feng Yuxiang in 1932, known as the general plum.
Although Feng Yuxiang lived idly in Mount Tai, there were many people who followed him, including more than a dozen cronies and staff, all of whom were officers above the regiment level in the past. There was also a pistol regiment, in fact, four companies, totaling about five hundred people, and a number of idle men. When he returned to Tai'an from Zhangjiakou, he brought Peng Guozheng with him, about 1,000 people, a total of more than 2,000 people.
The main sources of income for these people were as follows: Han Fuyu gave him 5,000 yuan and 500 bags of flour every month; Song Zheyuan gave him 5,000 yuan; Sun Lianzhong gave him only 1,000 yuan once every three or five months; Lu Zhonglin and Sun Liangcheng gave him 500 yuan every New Year; and the Kuomintang Central Committee paid him a salary of 800 yuan every month.
The men who followed him, whether armed or idle, were not paid, but only fed and clothed. The allowance is paid once every few months, and the amount is very small, so it is not enough to cover the expenses, not to mention that he has other careers, such as repairing bridges, running schools, running hospitals, repairing martyrs' shrines, and so on.
Of course, Feng Yuxiang may have other sources of income.
In 1925, when he was in Baotou, Suiyuan, he built a bungalow, about 30 or 40 rooms, and when he left Baotou, he gave it to the people of Shandong for free. In the same year, a bungalow was built in Tuergou, Zhangjiakou, about 30 rooms, and handed over to the local government when he left. In 1931, he bought three bungalows, a cave, and more than 20 acres of land in Yudaohe, Fenyang, Shanxi, and handed them over to the local people at no cost when he left. In 1941, in Chenjiaqiao, Chongqing, he bought a house for 3,000 yuan, and handed it over to the original owner when he left. The houses he bought or built were all commoner-style houses, with rough doors and windows, but the difference was that some wooden tables and stools were placed in the courtyard to plant some flowers and plants, or a grass pavilion was built.
Most of Feng Yuxiang's real estate and land properties have been given away free of charge, and I am afraid that he will not even be able to collect the rent.
Feng Yuxiang lived in Mount Tai twice, both in Puzhao Temple.
This temple has two courtyards, Feng lives in the right courtyard, there are four rooms with a total of 12 rooms, Feng Yuxiang and his wife Li Dequan and his three daughters Lida, Yingda, Xiaoda, and a son Hongda, live in the apse. Because Feng Yuxiang owned a house in Beijing, his wife Li Dequan sometimes lived in Beijing, and later sold it due to financial difficulties, Li Dequan often lived in Tai'an.
There is a large pine tree in front of the apse with a stone table.
More than a dozen retinues lived in the nave, the left wing room was inhabited by the heralds, and the right wing room was the reception room. In the courtyard on the left, there were pistol teams and pistol regiments, and the rest of the troops lived around Puzhao Temple, with a total of about four or five hundred people.
When he lived in Mount Tai for the first time, the head of the pistol regiment was Liang Guodong, and when he lived in Mount Tai for the second time, the head of the pistol regiment was Wei Fenglou.
In addition, after the defeat of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army, a division was brought from Zhangjiakou, which was later changed to a regiment, and the regiment commander Peng Guozheng.
In April 1934, Peng Guozhengtuan was organized into the Third Regiment of the Pistol Brigade to which Han Fuyu belonged, and was forcibly dismissed by Han Fuqu in less than a month.
The rest of the idle people and staff live in the area of Guandi Temple.
Feng Yuxiang's daily life and daily life are very regular. There are no special cases that always wake up at 6 a.m. every day, and as early as 5 a.m. in summer. After washing, go mountaineering.
Read from 7 to 9 o'clock, eat at 9 o'clock, read from 10 to 12 o'clock, take a two-hour nap at 12 o'clock, read from 2 to 4 o'clock in the afternoon, have dinner at 4 o'clock, read from 5 to 6 o'clock, read indoors with Li Dequan at night, and go to bed at about 10 o'clock in the evening. When guests come, they will meet at any time, and they will not make guests wait.
Feng Yuxiang's reading is a combination of self-study and inviting people to explain. He invited Tao Zhixing and several other professors from Beijing to give him lectures on politics, economics, philosophy, English, and so on; he invited Lin Wanghu, a former Qing Han, to give lectures: Mr. Fan Mingshu from Tai'an to give a lecture on the Book of Changes, and Zhang Xuemen to lecture on the "Zuo Chuan." In addition to reading, he also asked Zhao Wangyun to teach him to paint.
Not only did he learn by himself, but he also forced his subordinates to study. He gave a dozen people a book each, and he set a time limit to finish it, and circled it with red and blue pencils.
Every Sunday the guards were gathered and each person was asked to report on the general idea of what he had read, and he listened attentively, sometimes writing it down. After reading a book, take it back and replace it with another one, and organize regular assessments. He used this method to improve the cultural knowledge and thinking of his subordinates.
Feng Yuxiang also taught a course in the senior cadre study class, where he lectured on his outlook on life. He did not go to the class during the lecture, but took the students to the reception room of Puzhao Temple to listen to the lecture.
Feng Yuxiang's life is also very frugal, he is not pretending to show others, but has always been like this. The furniture he used, such as tables, chairs, beds, and stools, was made of white hawthorn and not painted, and the dining and tea sets were made of coarse porcelain. The whole family wore coarse cloth clothes.
Feng Yuxiang himself wore a coarse blue cloth trouser jacket, a coarse blue cotton trouser jacket in winter, a white cloth belt, a felt hat, and the coat was held by himself when he went out.
Two meals a day with the guards and heralds around me in the same room, eating the same meal. In addition to entertaining guests, the staple food every day is steamed buns, noodles, wotou, and rice. The non-staple food is general vegetables, such as cabbage and tofu vermicelli in winter, and chili peppers and pickles. On Sunday, I improved my life and ate a meal of braised pork, and when the guests came, I added a fried chicken.
On the occasion of the New Year's Festival, Feng Yuxiang summoned the troops and idle personnel to have a dinner, each of whom had two bowls, one bowl containing two chicken roast sauces, half a roast chicken, and a piece of spiced pickles; one bowl containing half a bowl of wine, and eating his own. In addition, it is steamed buns and cabbage stew, and he eats as much as he can.
Feng Yuxiang's residence in Mount Tai made Chiang Kai-shek a problem for his confidants.
Because of Shandong and the northern provinces, Feng Yuxiang's old Northwest Army still has a lot of them, and Chiang Kai-shek is afraid that once the situation changes, Feng Yuxiang will unite with them, which will be very unfavorable to himself. Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek tried in every possible way to get Feng Yuxiang to leave Shandong.
In the spring of 1934, Chiang Kai-shek sent Sun Ke (Sun Yat-sen's eldest son) to Mount Tai to visit Feng Yuxiang, observe Feng Yuxiang's movements and persuade him to leave. Feng Yuxiang received Sun Ke in Puzhao Temple, and the two talked about some high-sounding entertainment words about resisting Japan and saving the country. The next day, Feng Yuxiang accompanied Sun Ke to visit Mount Tai, returned to Puzhao Temple at one o'clock in the afternoon, Sun Ke felt tired, Feng Yuxiang entertained Sun Ke to eat hot steamed buns, millet porridge, four dishes, Sun Ke ate very fragrant and full.
In 1935, Chiang Kai-shek sent Wang Jingwei to Mount Tai to persuade Feng Yuxiang to travel abroad, and promised to give 100,000 yuan for the trip. Feng Yuxiang immediately refused, saying that now that the national crisis is at hand, I will not go abroad if I cannot defeat the Japanese invaders.
On the one hand, Chiang Kai-shek tried to persuade Feng to leave, and on the other hand, he sent spies to plot to kill Feng, but Feng was unsuccessful because of Feng's strict guard.
Finally, taking advantage of Feng Yuxiang's anti-Japanese enthusiasm, through the persuasion of Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, Yan Xishan, etc., Chiang Kai-shek also expressed his anti-Japanese posture and invited Feng to Nanjing to discuss the anti-Japanese plan, expressing openness and sincerity and joint resistance to Japan.
Feng Yuxiang also saw that Japanese imperialism would inevitably continue to intensify its aggression, and that Shandong might become a battlefield, and that he would be in a dilemma if he had no power in his hands at that time. At the same time, he failed several times on his own, and now that Chiang Kai-shek has expressed his determination to resist Japan, it is better to go to Nanjing to cooperate with Chiang Kai-shek and concentrate on resisting Japan together.
General Feng arrived in Pukou on November 1, 1935, and attended the first meeting of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang on November 2. On November 18, General Feng was appointed vice chairman of the Military Commission by the Nanking government and threw himself into the intense struggle against the Japanese invaders.
In May 1937, General Feng Yuxiang promulgated five anti-Japanese and national salvation programs, including implementing the Sino-Soviet alliance, expanding the patriotic anti-Japanese movement, guaranteeing civil liberties, organizing and arming the people, and immediately stopping the military of "suppressing the Communists".
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek tore up the CPPCC agreement and decided to start a civil war. Feng Yuxiang, who opposed the civil war, repeatedly criticized Chiang Kai-shek's decision to the civil war in person, and Chiang Kai-shek not only ignored it, but also held a grudge against Feng Yuxiang.
Feng Yuxiang deeply felt that the situation at home was dangerous, and if he stayed any longer, not only would he do nothing, but there might be danger, so he decided to go to the United States to inspect water conservancy and unite democrats at home and abroad to oppose the United States' aid to Chiang Kai-shek.
From September 1946, when Feng Yuxiang and his entourage set foot on American soil on the "General Majestic Gas", to July 1948, when they returned to China on the Soviet cruise ship "Victory", Feng Yuxiang lived in the United States for nearly two years.
During the two years he lived in the United States, Feng Yuxiang inspected various systems in the United States, experienced the customs and customs of the United States, and more importantly, through this investigation, Feng Yuxiang gradually saw through Chiang Kai-shek's sinister intentions and launched a struggle against Chiang Kai-shek in the United States.
Feng Yuxiang, who went to the United States, repeatedly exposed the serious corruption of the Chiang Kai-shek government in front of American officials, which caused the United States to reduce its financial aid to Chiang Kai-shek.
In May 1947, a huge student patriotic movement broke out in China, and more than 6,000 students from various schools in Nanjing and student representatives from Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou and other places held a joint march in Nanjing, which was bloodily suppressed by the Kuomintang government. After learning of the news in the United States, Feng Yuxiang was filled with righteous indignation and published his famous "Letter to the Nation's Compatriots" in San Francisco's "World Journal", condemning the civil war and calling for the formation of a genuine coalition government.
Immediately afterwards, Feng Yuxiang published an article entitled "Why Did I Break with Chiang Kai-shek?", criticizing Chiang Kai-shek's erroneous civil war policy and the decadent incompetence within the Kuomintang. Feng Yuxiang gradually became a leading figure in the Chinese democratic revolutionary movement in the United States.
Feng Yuxiang's actions angered Chiang Kai-shek, and on January 7, 1948, he expelled Feng Yuxiang from the Kuomintang on several charges of "violating party discipline and making ridiculous remarks." In addition, he also made a special call to the United States, intending to expel Feng Yuxiang, who was in exile in the United States, from the United States.
Feng Yuxiang held a press conference on the expulsion from the Kuomintang, and on February 8 of the same year, he published an article "An Open Letter to Chiang Kai-shek" to the New York Afternoon News: On January 14, 1948, I, Feng Yuxiang, officially announced that I had completely dissociated ourselves from the Chiang Kai-shek government. From this moment on, I will attack Chiang Kai-shek and oppose Chiang Kai-shek to the end. And in the letter, he demanded that Chiang Kai-shek immediately leave the wilderness, leave China, and return everything to the people!
In 1947, Feng Yuxiang took a group photo with his wife Li Dequan and his eldest daughter Feng Lida on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean in the United States
Since Feng Yuxiang was used by Chiang Kai-shek to take advantage of diplomatic relations in the United States and revoke his passport, party membership, and job position, he was embarrassed, and he became an "illegal" living in the United States.
In 1948, under pressure from the Nationalist government, the U.S. government decided to expel Feng Yuxiang from the country.
At this time, the domestic situation was very good, and the Communist Chinese People's Liberation Army smashed the nest of the Nanjing National Government with a devastating and decaying momentum, and the victory of the revolution was imminent.
On May 1, 1948, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the May 1 slogan: All democratic parties, people's organizations and social elites should quickly arrive in Beijing to convene a political consultative conference to discuss and realize the convening of the people's congress and the establishment of a democratic coalition government.
At that time, General Feng Yuxiang, who was far away in New York, was the first to respond to the call of the Chinese Communist Party and decided to return to China to attend the CPPCC meeting.
On May 2, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent a telegram to the Shanghai Bureau and the Hong Kong Branch to invite 29 democrats to the north to discuss the convening of the new CPPCC, and Feng Yuxiang ranked second in the list of 29 people.
Originally, the most convenient route to return to China was to return from Hong Kong, but considering that the Kuomintang had many spies in Hong Kong and Feng Yuxiang's safety could not be guaranteed, in order for General Feng Yuxiang to smoothly return to China to participate in the preparatory work of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the Communist Party of China thoughtfully designed a route for him to return to China - take the Soviet cruise ship "Victory", cross the Atlantic, reach Odessa through the Black Sea, and then change trains to enter the northeast.
The Victory was built by the Soviet Union from the conversion of an old ship salvaged from the bottom of the sea, and has been used as a luxury passenger ship before.
On July 31, 1948, Feng Yuxiang got rid of the surveillance of the spies and boarded the "Victory" cruise ship, and took the lead in embarking on the journey to the new CPPCC, but what people never expected was that on September 1, when the "Victory" cruise ship crossed the Black Sea and headed for the port of Odessa, a fire suddenly broke out on the ship, Feng Yuxiang was suffocated to death by smoke, and the youngest daughter Feng Xiaoda died together at the age of 66.
Feng Yuxiang's wife Li Dequan was able to escape with the help of her eldest daughter Feng Lida.
Feng Yuxiang's memorial service was held in the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Union held a memorial service for Feng Yuxiang in accordance with the highest standard of funeral rites in the Army tradition.
When people at home and abroad heard about the death of General Feng Yuxiang, the condolence telegram flew to Moscow like snowflakes, and Mao Zedong, Zhu De, and Zhou Enlai also sent condolence telegrams.
According to the last wish of General Feng Yuxiang, he was buried in Mount Tai.
After learning of the death of General Feng Yuxiang, Stalin said to the deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union: It must be American intelligence officers who are engaged in sabotage!
Why did Stalin think that the Americans killed Feng Yuxiang, and was Feng Yuxiang's death a natural disaster or a man-made disaster?
In fact, Feng Yuxiang said to his family soon after boarding the cruise ship: Be vigilant and prevent fire!
Unexpectedly, in the end, he died because of the cruise ship's fire.
As for the cause of the cruise ship's fire, the official Soviet Union version is that when the projectionist and the sailor were winding the film, the friction of the mechanical parts of the hand-cranked device accidentally burst into sparks, which caused the film to catch fire and eventually ignited the entire warehouse.
But anyone with a discerning eye knows that Feng Yuxiang's death was by no means accidental.
Feng Yuxiang's death, many people believe that the United States and Lao Chiang jointly committed it, after all, his frequent activities in the United States have damaged the interests of Lao Chiang and some Americans.
Moreover, Feng Yuxiang's return to China to participate in the political consultative conference organized by the Communist Party is equivalent to taking refuge in the Communist Party.
You must know that Feng Yuxiang's influence in the Kuomintang is quite large, and if he surrenders, it will inevitably mess up Lao Chiang's military morale. Therefore, Lao Jiang is seriously suspected of killing him.
Of course, some people think that the Soviet Union killed Feng Yuxiang. Because Feng Yuxiang has a nickname, called "General Defection", he has successively reversed Yuan Shikai, Cao Kun, Chiang Kai-shek and others, so some people jokingly call him "Lu Bu of the Republic of China".
In addition, Feng Yuxiang also fell over the Soviet Union.
Since the incident occurred in the Black Sea, and the Soviet side arranged Feng Yuxiang's trip, the Soviet side replied that the film caught fire in an accident, and the Soviet Union kept the matter strictly secret, did not provide other evidence at the scene, and did not disclose relevant investigation materials, and forcibly closed the case by accident.
But this claim has neither a solid factual basis nor a logical one. Feng Yuxiang's return to China to join the new CPPCC of the Communist Party of China was exactly what Stalin welcomed, so the Soviet side did not have a political motive to murder Feng Yuxiang. The simultaneous death of three members of the CPSU Central Committee and more than 200 Soviets fully shows that the Soviet Union had absolutely nothing to do with Feng Yuxiang's death.
On the contrary, it is a self-evident fact that the Kuomintang authorities had a strong motive for murdering Feng Yuxiang.
Who assassinated Feng Yuxiang is still an unsolved case!
The tragedy that took place in the Black Sea 76 years ago may become a mystery that will never be solved.
After receiving telegrams of condolence from Mao Zedong and Zhu De, General Li Dequan of Feng Yuxiang immediately replied on 8 September, saying that he would return to China after recovery and continue to fight for democracy.
In November 1948, Li Dequan recovered from his injuries and was discharged from the hospital. She left her children in the Soviet Union to study, while she carried her husband's ashes and returned to the liberated areas of Northeast China through Siberia.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Li Dequan was appointed as the first minister of the mainland's Ministry of Health, and with her efforts, the mainland's health care work has made great progress in a short period of time.
On September 1, 1949, the first anniversary of the death of General Feng Yuxiang was held in Beijing. Mao Zedong, Zhu De, and Zhou Enlai all inscribed elegiacies.
On October 5, 1953, Li Dequan delivered a speech in front of Feng Yuxiang's tomb
On October 5, 1953, the interment ceremony of General Feng Yuxiang's ashes was held in front of his tomb. Directly above the tombstone, the tomb of Mr. Feng Yuxiang has seven golden characters from the hand of Guo Moruo, and the tombstone is inlaid with the side relief head of Feng Yuxiang. Engraved below the portrait is a self-titled poem from his lifetime:
Ordinary people's livelihood and civilian life
Don't talk about beauty, don't be broad
Only for the people, only for the country
Unremitting struggle, honesty and clumsiness
This will unswervingly swear to fight to the death
Do your best I write I say
Grit your teeth, I am who I am
It's not bad to work hard
In January 1965, Li Dequan was re-elected as the vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) because of his outstanding work achievements, and his official rank was at the deputy national level, but the long-term overwork also made Li Dequan's body more and more overwhelmed.
On April 23, 1972, Li Dequan still failed to bear the torture of illness and died in Beijing at the age of 76.
Feng Hongda, the youngest son born to Feng Yuxiang and Li Dequan, joined the army when he grew up and became a glorious soldier.
After Feng Yuxiang's accident in the Black Sea in 1948, Feng Hongda, who survived, stayed in the Soviet Union, and in order to learn more skills, Feng Hongda entered the Baku Naval Military Academy of the Soviet Union to study, and did not return to China until four years later.
When Feng Hongda returned to China, the mainland's navy was in its infancy, and Feng Hongda, who had just returned from the Soviet Naval Academy, immediately came to use, and soon Feng Hongda was transferred to the North Sea Fleet.
In 1982, due to his outstanding work performance, Feng Hongda was appreciated by Deng Gong and promoted to the head of the aviation protection department of the Navy Command, and the following year he was transferred to Dalian Naval Academy as vice president and dean.
Under the leadership of Feng Hongda, the mainland's coastal defense undertaking has not only developed by leaps and bounds, but also a large number of outstanding naval soldiers and technical personnel have appeared.
In 1984, on the occasion of the 35th anniversary of the National Day, 54-year-old Feng Hongda led the naval phalanx to Tiananmen Square.
On October 1, 1984, Feng Hongda led the well-trained naval phalanx to walk through Tiananmen Square with great courage and high spirits, showing the world the national and military prestige.
In 1987, the 57-year-old Feng Hongda was promoted to deputy commander of the North Sea Fleet, but unfortunately, when his career had just made a huge breakthrough, Feng Hongda was unfortunately riddled with illness, and after six years of continuous treatment, General Feng Hongda finally died suddenly due to ineffective treatment, at the age of 62.
Feng Yuxiang's first wife Liu Dezhen was the niece raised by Lu Jianzhang, the commander of the Beiyang Military Association.
Feng Yuxiang and Liu Dezhen have been close to each other, experienced 18 years of ups and downs together, and have two sons and three daughters.
In 1923, Liu Dezhen died of illness, leaving behind five young children.
For the sake of the family and children, a year later, Feng Yuxiang married Li Dequan as his second wife.
Li Dequan was introduced to Feng Yuxiang by his relative Tang Yueliang. The two spent 24 years together, and Li Dequan gave birth to a son and three daughters.
Feng Yuxiang's eldest son, Feng Hongguo, not only inherited his father's career, but also became a member of the Communist Party, one of the key figures in China's liberation cause, and made great contributions to the country's liberation cause.
The second son, Feng Hongzhi, made a name for himself in the field of international physics, surpassing many of his contemporaries and making important contributions to international scientific research.
The youngest son, Feng Hongda, studied in the Soviet Union in his early years, and later held important positions in the naval academy, making great achievements for the development of the mainland's navy.
Feng Yuxiang, except for his youngest daughter Feng Xiaoda, who died together in the Black Sea, the other five daughters each showed outstanding achievements and unique life trajectories.
The eldest daughter, Feng Funeng, is a translator who has built bridges between countries with her excellent language skills and international vision, and contributed her talents to foreign affairs.
The second daughter, Feng Fuva, once dreamed of becoming a female pilot, and although she chose to major in mechanics at the dissuasion of her father, she showed the unlimited potential of women in the workplace with her ingenuity in her work at institutions such as the People's Bank of China and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
Feng Yuxiang's third daughter, Feng Fujin, had a tragic fate, and she chose to end her life because of her father's intervention in her marriage.
After studying abroad, the fourth daughter, Feng Lida, became an immunology expert in the Chinese Medical College and contributed outstanding wisdom to medical research.
The fifth daughter, Feng Yingda, chose to work in the library after studying in the Soviet Union, and at the same time served as a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and other positions, contributing to the cultural cause.
(Author: Kong Meng Selected from the public account: Xi 陬孔Meng, if infringement, please delete the private message)