The National Fire and Rescue Administration on the issuance of the "Regulations on Fire Safety Management of Elderly Care Institutions"

Regulations on fire safety management of elderly care institutions

Elderly care institutions shall strictly abide by the "Fire Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", "Regulations on Fire Safety Management of Organs, Groups, Enterprises and Public Institutions" and other fire laws, regulations and rules;

1. Implement the main responsibility for fire safety

(1) Establish and improve the fire safety responsibility system. Pension institutions shall establish and improve the fire safety responsibility system at each level and post, and clarify the corresponding fire safety responsibility personnel and responsibilities. The legal representative, main person in charge or actual controller of the pension institution is the person responsible for fire safety of the unit, and is fully responsible for the fire safety work of the unit. The person in charge of each department within the elderly care institution is the person responsible for the fire safety of the department. Pension institutions that belong to key units of fire safety shall determine the fire safety manager, who is responsible for the specific implementation and organization of the fire safety work of the unit, and is directly responsible for the fire protection work. Employees in nursing facilities, security guards, cooks, electricians, fire protection facility operators and other positions are responsible for the fire safety of their posts.

(2) Strengthen system construction. Pension institutions shall formulate a fire safety management system, including fire prevention inspections, safety evacuation facilities management, fire protection facilities and equipment maintenance management, fire hazard rectification, fire and electricity safety management, fire publicity and education training, fire safety work evaluation rewards and punishments, etc. Elderly care institutions shall formulate fire safety operation procedures, including: fire (control room) duty and fire protection facilities operation, gas equipment use, fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan drills, etc. The fire safety management system and operating procedures shall be revised and improved in a timely manner according to the situation.

(3) Clarify the responsibilities of multiple entities. If the pension institution and other units share the same building, the fire safety responsibilities of all parties shall be clarified, and the management responsibilities of fire truck passages, fire truck climbing operation sites, evacuation facilities involving public fire safety and other fire protection facilities of shared buildings shall be clarified. If a pension institution entrusts a property service enterprise to implement fire safety management, it shall stipulate in the contract the specific content of the responsibility of the property service enterprise, and supervise and cooperate with the fire safety work.

2. Standardize the safety settings of venues

(4) Requirements for joint construction. Pension institutions should be set up in legal buildings, and should not be set up in places for production, storage and operation of flammable and explosive dangerous goods, factories and warehouses, large shopping malls and markets, and other buildings. In addition to the auxiliary warehouses that can be set up to meet their use functions, the pension institutions should not be set up with production sites or other warehouses, and should not be combined with industrial buildings.

(5) Zoning requirements. Where elderly care establishments are in the same building as other units, they shall be separated from other units by fire prevention. Kitchens, boiling rooms, power distribution rooms, boiler rooms, and other equipment rooms in elderly care institutions shall be set up separately or separated from other areas for fire protection.

(6) Layout requirements. The floor layout of elderly care institutions, and the specific layout of elderly living rooms, rest rooms, public activity rooms, rehabilitation and medical rooms in the institutions, shall meet the requirements of the "General Code for Building Fire Prevention" for elderly care facilities.

3. Ensure the normal operation of the facilities

(7) Strengthen the management of fire-fighting facilities. Pension institutions shall be equipped with fire-fighting facilities and equipment in accordance with national regulations. Fire-fighting facilities and equipment shall be set up with standardized and eye-catching signs, and the methods of use and precautions shall be indicated. Pension institutions shall regularly maintain and inspect fire-fighting facilities and equipment on their own or by entrusting fire-fighting technical service institutions to ensure that they are in good condition and effective. Pension institutions shall not damage, embezzle, or dismantle or stop using fire-fighting facilities and equipment without authorization.

(8) Strengthen the management of safe evacuation facilities. Pension institutions should ensure that the evacuation passages, safety exits and evacuation doors are unblocked, keep the normally closed fire doors in a closed state, the normally open fire doors should be able to close by themselves in the event of a fire, and should have a signal feedback function, ensure that the fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication signs are intact and effective, ensure that the safety exits and evacuation channels are not installed on the fences, and the windows of the exterior walls of each floor of the building, Balconies and other parts are not set up to affect escape and fire fighting and rescue, and if it is really necessary, they should be easy to open from the inside; safety evacuation instructions are set up in obvious positions on each floor, and safety evacuation auxiliary equipment such as wheelchairs, stretchers, callers, filtering self-rescue breathing apparatus, and evacuation flashlights are equipped.

4. Strict daily management of fire safety

(9) Strict management of electricity consumption. Pension institutions should choose electrical equipment that conforms to national regulations, and it is strictly forbidden to use "three no" products. Electrical wiring and installation and maintenance of electrical equipment shall be carried out by personnel with corresponding professional qualification certificates.

The laying of electrical lines should be standardized, and the protection measures should be intact. In the bulky roof with combustibles and the distribution lines laid in the closed ceiling, metal conduit or metal slot box wiring shall be used. When switches, sockets and lighting fixtures are close to combustibles, measures such as heat insulation and heat dissipation shall be taken. Electric heating appliances (equipment) and high-power electrical appliances should be kept at a safe distance from combustible materials and should not be covered by combustibles. It is strictly forbidden to overload electricity, and it is not allowed to connect wires without permission.

Electrical circuits and electrical equipment should be regularly inspected, maintained, and inspected for electrical circuits and electrical equipment, and records should be archived. Rooms with large power consumption, such as elderly living rooms, rehabilitation and medical rooms, can be equipped with over-current and over-voltage electrical protection devices to limit the maximum power load of the room. Centralized parking and charging places for electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric wheelchairs should be set up as needed, charging facilities that meet the safety requirements for electricity use should be installed, and it is strictly forbidden to park and charge indoors, safety exits, and evacuation channels.

(10) Strict management of fire use. Smoking and burning incense are prohibited in the indoor activity areas and corridors of nursing institutions. It is forbidden to use open flames for lighting and heating. When moxibustion, cupping and other traditional Chinese medicine methods really need to use open flames, they should be supervised by a special person. If it is necessary to carry out open flame operations such as electric welding and gas cutting due to special circumstances such as construction, the approval procedures for starting the fire shall be handled in accordance with the law, and the personnel with the corresponding professional qualification certificates shall carry out the implementation. Elderly care institutions or construction units shall designate special personnel to take care of the whole process of operation, and shall promptly clean up relevant combustibles before and after operation.

(11) Strict gas management. Elderly care institutions shall abide by the rules of safe gas use and use qualified gas burning appliances and gas cylinders. Combustible gas detection and alarm and automatic shut-off devices should be installed. The use of bottled LPG is strictly prohibited if the kitchen is located in basements, semi-basements and high-rise buildings. LPG containers with a filling capacity of more than 50Kg shall be set up in a single-storey special room outside the service building, and fire prevention measures shall be taken. The kitchen stoves, fume hoods, and flues of nursing institutions should be cleaned at least once a quarter, and gas and fuel pipelines should be inspected, tested, and maintained frequently.

(12) Strict management of building materials and decoration. The decoration of pension institutions shall be reported to the relevant departments for review and approval in accordance with the law, and the fire protection facilities shall not be stopped without authorization, and the opening direction of the evacuation door shall not be changed, and the safety exit shall be reduced. Decoration shall be in accordance with the requirements of national standards, the use of non-combustible, flame-retardant materials, shall not use polystyrene, polyurethane foam and other materials with combustion performance lower than Class A as thermal insulation materials or as the core material of sandwich color steel plates to build a building with human activities. The combustion performance of decorative materials such as curtains, carpets, furniture, etc. of elderly care institutions shall comply with the provisions of the "Code for Fire Protection of Building Interior Decoration Design". If it is necessary to use interior decoration items to create a festival or theme activity atmosphere, it shall not be made of flammable and combustible materials in large quantities, and it shall be far away from fire and electricity facilities when arranging, and shall be dismantled in time after the event. The combustion performance of insulation materials or products used in the internal and external thermal insulation systems and roof insulation systems of elderly care institutions shall meet the requirements of the General Code for Building Fire Protection for elderly care facilities.

(13) Strict management of equipment and facilities with fire risks. Large-scale medical equipment with fire hazard in elderly care institutions should be regularly maintained and inspected, and operators should strictly abide by operating procedures. For elderly care institutions with a central oxygen supply system, the oxygen supply station should be kept at a safe distance from the surrounding buildings, fire sources and heat sources, a manual emergency shut-off device should be set up on the oxygen main pipe, the oxygen exhaust port of the hyperbaric oxygen chamber should be far away from the open flame or spark emitting place, and the oxygen supply and oxygen equipment should not be contaminated with oil. The MRI machine room should be equipped with non-magnetic fire extinguishers.

(14) Strict on-duty management. Pension institutions shall implement a 24-hour duty system. Pension institutions with fire control rooms shall implement a 24-hour double duty system (in line with the requirements of local laws and regulations, a single person can be on duty), and the personnel on duty shall hold a professional qualification certificate for fire protection facility operators, be familiar with the operating procedures of fire protection equipment in the fire control room, and ensure their normal operation. After receiving the fire alarm and confirming the fire, the staff on duty in the nursing institution should immediately call 119 to call the police, and at the same time report to the fire safety person or fire safety manager of the unit, and start the fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan.

(15) Strict file management. Pension institutions shall establish and improve fire protection files, and be managed by a designated person. The fire protection file shall fully reflect the basic situation of fire safety, fire safety management, fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan drills, etc., and be updated in a timely manner.

Fifth, do a good job of self-examination and self-improvement of potential safety hazards

(16) Carry out regular fire prevention inspections and inspections. Elderly care institutions shall clarify that personnel regularly carry out fire prevention inspections and inspections. Inspect key areas such as elderly rooms, public activity rooms, and kitchens at least twice a day during the day, and other parts at least once a day. Elderly care institutions should strengthen daily night inspections, and at least once every two hours. Every month, before important holidays and major events, pension institutions shall carry out at least one fire prevention inspection. When elderly care institutions carry out fire prevention inspections and inspections, they shall fill in the inspection and inspection records.

(17) Highlight the key points of fire prevention inspections. The key points of fire prevention inspections in elderly care institutions shall include: whether there are any violations of electricity, fire and gas, whether the safety exits and evacuation channels are unobstructed and locked, whether the fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication signs are in good condition, whether the normally closed fire doors are kept in a normally closed state, whether the items are stacked under the fire shutters, whether the fire protection facilities and equipment are in place, intact and effective, whether the fire safety signs are intact and clear, whether the personnel in the key parts of fire safety are on duty, whether the fire truck passage is unblocked, and other contents that need to be inspected.

The key points of fire prevention inspection of pension institutions shall include: the implementation of the fire safety management system; the regular inspection and maintenance of electrical lines, power distribution equipment and gas pipelines, gas cookers and liquefied gas cylinders; the cleaning of kitchen stoves, fume hoods and flues; fire truck passages, fire truck climbing operation sites, outdoor fire hydrants, and fire water sources; safety evacuation passages, stairs, safety exits and their evacuation indication signs, emergency lighting; fire safety signs; fire extinguishing equipment and integrity; floors, firewalls, Plugging of fireproof partition walls and shaft holes; operation and maintenance of building fire-fighting facilities; fire control room duty and management; fire, electricity, oil, and gas use are in violation of rules and regulations; implementation of fire prevention measures in key parts such as elderly living rooms, rehabilitation and medical rooms, public activity rooms, kitchens; implementation and records of fire prevention inspections; implementation of fire hazard rectification and prevention measures; nursing personnel, security guards, electricians, Whether the chef and other employees have mastered the common sense of fire prevention and fire extinguishing and evacuation skills, and other contents that need to be checked.

(18) Eliminate fire hazards in a timely manner. Elderly care institutions shall promptly correct the problems found in fire prevention inspections. For fire hazards that cannot be corrected on the spot, a list should be formed, and a rectification ledger should be established, and sales number management should be implemented, and one rectification should be completed and one sales number should be completed. During the rectification period of fire hazards, corresponding safety measures shall be taken.

6. Improve emergency response capabilities

(19) Scientifically formulate fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans. Pension institutions shall, in combination with the actual situation of the unit, formulate targeted fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans, and clarify the organizational structure, alarm and alarm handling procedures, emergency evacuation organizational procedures and measures, and procedures and measures for fighting the initial fire. The plan shall fully consider the adverse effects of weather conditions, nighttime, special holidays and other factors on fire fighting and emergency evacuation. For the disabled and demented elderly, the plan shall specify special evacuation and resettlement measures, and specify the staff responsible for evacuation one by one.

(20) Carry out fire drills on a regular basis. Pension institutions shall organize at least one fire drill every year. Among them, pension institutions that belong to key fire safety units shall organize at least one fire drill every six months. Focus on inspecting the operability of relevant personnel reporting fire alarms, fighting initial fires, safe evacuation, use of fire-fighting facilities, and fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans. The elderly shall be notified to actively participate in the fire drill. After the drill, it should be summarized in a timely manner, and the fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan should be improved according to the situation.

(21) Strengthen the construction of emergency response forces. Elderly care establishments shall establish volunteer fire brigades as needed, equipped with necessary equipment and equipment, and improve their ability to defend themselves and save themselves. Pension institutions that belong to key units of fire safety shall establish miniature fire stations as needed. Volunteer fire brigades (miniature fire stations) shall accept the guidance of the fire and rescue stations in their jurisdictions, and actively realize joint logistics linkage with surrounding miniature fire stations and full-time fire brigades.

7. Strengthen fire safety education and training

(22) Strengthen fire safety training for employees. Pension institutions shall carry out fire safety training for all employees at least once every six months; fire safety training shall be conducted before taking up fire safety training for new employees or employees entering new positions; and regular fire safety business learning shall be organized for members of volunteer fire brigades (micro fire stations), automatic fire protection facility operators, special post personnel and other personnel.

(23) Clarify the content of fire safety training. The fire safety training of pension institutions mainly includes: relevant fire laws and regulations, fire safety management system, fire safety operation procedures, fire hazards and fire prevention measures of the unit and the post, performance and use of fire fighting facilities and fire extinguishing equipment, knowledge and skills of fire alarm, fire fighting, emergency evacuation and self-rescue and escape, safe evacuation routes, procedures and methods for guiding personnel evacuation, content and operating procedures of fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans, etc.

(24) Strengthen fire safety tips for the elderly. Elderly care institutions shall publicize fire safety knowledge to the elderly by posting slogans and posters, distributing fire protection publications, broadcasting fire case videos, and holding fire cultural activities. Focus on the fire hazard, safe evacuation routes, common sense of fire and electricity, location and use of fire extinguishing equipment, etc.

Full care, day care, community elderly care service institutions (including rural happiness homes and other mutual aid elderly care facilities) with reference to these provisions to perform fire safety duties.

These provisions shall come into force on August 1, 2023 and shall be valid for 5 years. The "Ten Provisions on Fire Safety Management of Social Welfare Institutions" (Min Han [2015] No. 280) is no longer applicable to the fire safety management of elderly care institutions.