In addition to the deployment of nuclear submarines and nuclear aircraft carriers, the United States also deploys its strategic/tactical drones, cruise missiles, etc. to the Korean Peninsula, which puts a lot of pressure on the field air defense network of the Korean People's Army: the best self-propelled anti-aircraft artillery of the DPRK cannot cope with their cluster strikes!
The most advanced domestic self-propelled anti-aircraft artillery system in North Korea is the M1992 30-mm self-propelled anti-aircraft gun: it is based on the ZSU-23-4 "Shilka River" quadruple self-propelled anti-aircraft gun imported from the Soviet Union. Since it appeared in 1992, it is known as M1992;
It was intended to replace the M1978 twin 37-mm self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, which is currently in mass production. The hull is higher than that of the Shilka River, and the 30-mm guns are replaced by two 23-mm guns (outwardly similar to the NN-30 guns of the AK-230), with a maximum rate of fire of 800 rounds per minute and an effective anti-aircraft range of about 3 km. The ammunition is HEI-T (high-explosive incendiary tracer projectile), which can also be used against air/ground targets;
The fire control radar / fire control system of the M1992 also imitates the "Shilka River": the retractable RPK-2 J-band anti-aircraft radar has a tracking distance of 6-10 kilometers according to the height of the target, the low-altitude search capability is insufficient, it does not have multi-target processing capabilities, the search and tracking cannot be carried out synchronously, the fire control computer works for a long time, and the vehicle does not seem to be equipped with a laser automatic rangefinder. The fully enclosed hull protects against 7.62mm small arms and artillery shell fragments, and has a crew of 4 people: the commander, the gunner, the radar operator and the driver. The chassis is the GM-575 of the "Shilka River", and the power V-6P1 diesel engine has a maximum output of 280 horsepower. Equipped with an auxiliary power unit to power all systems when the main engine is turned off;
M1992 weighs 20 tons, has an effective range of 3km against the air, a maximum range of 3.5km, a rate of fire of 1600 rounds per minute, pitch: -5 ° to +85 °, vertical obstacle crossing 1.1 meters, trench crossing 2.8 meters, wading 1 meter;
The gun is not equipped with ZSU-23-4M4/M5 turret anti-aircraft missiles ("Needle" anti-aircraft missiles) and automatic photoelectric detection systems, and whether the radar can rotate 360 ° is also a problem, causing it to be very weak in interception capabilities for UAVs, cruise missiles, supersonic missiles, etc. - North Korea has only succeeded in creating a downgraded version of the ZSU-23-4: the M1992 has a simple field air defense capability in the 70s and 80s, which it cannot cope with in the face of the air defense pressure of the 21st century;
North Korea's semiconductor industry is very backward, and it is questionable whether the radar system it imitates is up to the technical level of the former Soviet Union, so the North Korean version of the M1992 radar is expected to simplify many functions in order to operate reliably. It also has a fatal flaw: the body area is too large and too high, which is easy to be detected and located by the forward battlefield situational awareness system, and the enemy can dispatch drones to use medium/long-range missiles or cruise missiles to easily deal with it - it just so happens that this is also where the military advantages of the United States, Japan and South Korea lie;
Therefore, the DPRK's self-propelled anti-aircraft artillery only solved the problem of existence and localization, and did not upgrade and improve the field air defense capability of the DPRK's mechanized divisions...... Fortunately, in terms of logistics management, maintenance, and localization rate, North Korea's domestically produced self-propelled anti-aircraft guns are better than Soviet-made self-propelled anti-aircraft guns;
North Korea has the ability to manufacture 23/30/57 anti-aircraft guns and ammunition on its own, and can also manufacture SA7/14/16/18/Stinger anti-aircraft missile industrial system, at present, it can manufacture on-board radar, simple photoelectric detection system (of course, the performance can not be compared with the United States, South Korea), the development of the automobile industry has also allowed it to develop the chassis of new wheeled armored vehicles, and there are more channels to obtain self-propelled anti-aircraft guns than before, so North Korea can cooperate in the development of a new type of artillery system;
Originally, as a traditional ally of the DPRK, Russia's integrated field artillery system was more suitable: after all, the DPRK had the experience and equipment to imitate the "Shilka River". It's just that Russia can only transfer technology and cannot provide a projectile and artillery integration system that suits the environment of the Korean Peninsula; Russia likes to fight in the Great Plains, and is helpless when it encounters mountainous terrain or complex terrain combinations: it has been repeatedly attacked by enemy drones/cruise missiles and cruise missiles on the edge of the Ukrainian forests, and the field self-propelled artillery integrated air defense network has not played its due role!
Russia's semiconductor industry is heavily dependent on the Western world, so what North Korea urgently needs, it needs even more, and what North Korea has, Russia may not have - North Korea can only turn to its neighbors for help, and the neighbor's foreign trade artillery system is really fragrant!
The CS/SA-5 is more in line with the current situation of North Korea: 30 mm caliber, combat rate of fire of more than 4,000 rounds per minute, two twin FN-6 portable anti-aircraft missiles capable of striking air targets at an angle of 5-6 km, and intercepting ground armored targets if necessary. The CS/SA5 is equipped with photoelectric sights, flat antenna gun-aiming radar (AESA), 8 smoke jamming missile launchers, three defenses and air conditioning, etc.;
At present, the DPRK can produce its own large eight-wheeled armored vehicles, various Russian-made anti-aircraft missiles, and ship-borne close-in defense guns, and it is not difficult for China to integrate them into one: In those years, China obtained the ZSU-23-4 "Shilka River" prototype but gave up copying it, which is too backward, and China does not want it! Therefore, the DPRK can develop the large eight-wheeled chassis as a vehicle family: with China's assistance, it will develop and produce a self-propelled wheeled missile and artillery integrated system;
Using North Korea's self-produced SA-18 and AK-630 close-in defense guns, combined with Chinese technology and kits, a new type of large eight-wheeled artillery system is formed: with Chinese radar and optoelectronic sets, new foreign trade guided anti-aircraft artillery ammunition, imported suitable CNC machine tools and processes, etc., to effectively create a suitable mountain field air defense system.
North Korea also has a huge advantage: it has the production capacity of hypersonic missiles and large Chada drones. Based on the data from the exercises and actual combat exercises, North Korea can develop more advanced missile and artillery integration systems, because South Korea's missile and drone industries are also making progress with the support of NATO and the United States.