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On the morning of April 2, 2007, a memorial service was held at the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing, where a large number of national leaders, as well as the older generation of revolutionaries and their children, came to mourn the memory of Mao Anqing, the son of the great leader Chairman Mao.
Mao Anqing, who has had a rough life
Compared with his brother Mao Anying, there are relatively few references to Mao Anqing in literature, history and film and television drama materials, so it is necessary for us to introduce Mao Anqing first. On November 23, 1923, Mao Anqing was born in Changsha, Hunan, and his mother was Yang Kaihui.
When Mao Anqing was born, it was a critical period when Chairman Mao was busy for the revolutionary cause, and it didn't take long for him to leave home and go to various places, so that Mao Anqing rarely saw his father when he was a child, and he was always accompanied by his mother and brother to grow up.
However, the good times did not last long, in 1927 Chiang Kai-shek launched a counter-revolutionary coup d'état, massacring the Communists and the Kuomintang leftist progressives, the warlords in Hunan also heard the wind and launched a large-scale search and arrest of Chairman Mao's family, and his mother Yang Kaihui began to take Mao Anying, Mao Anqing, and Mao Anlong three brothers everywhere to avoid the pursuit of the Kuomintang.
In the process of evading pursuit, Yang Kaihui participated in organizing the underground struggle of the party organizations in Changsha and Pingjiang, and worked hard to develop the underground party organizations in the rural areas of Hunan, which persisted for three years.
On October 24, 1930, Yang Kaihui returned to his hometown to visit his children, but was unexpectedly discovered by Kuomintang agents, and then surrounded Yang Kaihui's house with more than 80 people, and Yang Kaihui and Mao Anying were unfortunately arrested.
In prison, in the face of the vicious Kuomintang garrison commander He Jian, Yang Kaihui was unyielding, never betrayed the party, and never revealed a word in the face of severe torture. On November 14, in Changsha Literacy Ridge, Yang Kaihui bravely died at the age of 29.
After Yang Kaihui's sacrifice, our party's underground organization rescued Chairman Mao's three sons and was secretly transferred to Shanghai. During their stay in Shanghai, the three brothers lived a life of exile, and the youngest, Mao Anlong, suffered from diarrheal dysentery, and unfortunately died after being sent to the hospital for treatment.
Mao Anqing was also beaten on the head with an iron rod by the frenzied military police in the concession, because Mao Anqing used chalk to write "Down with imperialism" on a telephone pole, and these military and police in the old society did not care whether the other party was a child or not. This serious injury directly fell to the root of the disease, which has always endangered Mao Anqing's health.
On the streets of Shanghai, the brothers Mao Anqing and Mao Anying were helpless and could only live on the streets. In order to survive, the two brothers had difficulties until they did not eat breakfast for three months, and endured the bullying of the street children and gangsters around them.
It wasn't until five years later that the skinny two brothers were found in a ruined temple in Shanghai by our party's underground organization and properly placed, and Mao Anqing was taken to the hospital for treatment, but at this time the best time for treatment has passed, and Mao Anqing's brain trauma will always be with him for life.
In order to protect the brothers, the underground organization of our party sent them to the Soviet Union to study, and the party organization specially contacted General Zhang Xueliang's subordinates, the patriotic general Li Du, who escorted them to their own nursery school in Moscow, where many Comintern people took care of them, and the hard days of the brothers finally came to an end.
During their studies in the Soviet Union, everything started over, but the good times did not last long, and the brothers did not stay in the Soviet Union for a few years, when the Great Patriotic War broke out, and the brothers also contributed to the Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union. Mao Anying first went to the front line to participate in the battle, participated in the battle to recover Belarus, Poland, and the Czech Republic, performed well on the battlefield, and was also received by Stalin.
And Mao Anqing could only stay behind to dig trenches and take care of the wounded due to physical reasons. After the end of World War II in 1945, the two brothers stayed in the Soviet Union for another two years, and Mao Anqing was also admitted to the Moscow Institute of Oriental Languages in the Soviet Union, and only returned to China after the outbreak of the Liberation War.
Mao Anqing took the initiative to go to the grassroots to exercise himself
In 1947, Mao Anqing, who had been away from the motherland for ten years, finally returned to the mainland, and was introduced by Cai Chang and Li Fuchun, successfully joined the Communist Party of China, and met his father Mao Zedong. Chairman Mao was very moved when he saw Mao Anqing, you must know that the last time the father and son met was when Mao Anqing was very young, Mao Anqing has grown up over the years and has become a 23-year-old young man.
Not long after the father and son got together, Chairman Mao decided to let Mao Anqing work at the grassroots level for a period of time to enrich his experience, so Mao Anqing came to work in the countryside in Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province, and participated in the pilot work of the agrarian revolution.
During his work in Keshan County, Heilongjiang, although Mao Anqing himself was Chairman Mao's second son, Mao Anqing did not show it, but assumed the pseudonym Yang Yongshou and lived and worked with ordinary land reform team members.
Because Mao Anqing had lived in the Soviet Union for many years, he rarely spoke Chinese, and his daily communication was in Russian, and sometimes a few words of Russian would pop out at every turn when talking with his comrades, which made the comrades laugh.
Mao Anqing didn't even know how to use chopsticks, he didn't have knives and forks, and he ate directly "with his hands", and the comrades in Keshan County were also very enthusiastic and taught this "Soviet comrade" to use chopsticks, and the sauerkraut vermicelli and flatbread in the Northeast were also very comfortable to eat.
Mao Anqing is also very strong, like a primary school student, re-learning Chinese to read and write, putting aside the Hunan dialect of his hometown, learning Mandarin, and gradually adapting to life in the Northeast.
In the winter of Heilongjiang, Mao Anqing's favorite thing is to go to the farmer's house to investigate by riding the plow, and the small horse is running on the vast snow, which is very comfortable. Once it snowed heavily, everyone found that Mao Anqing was gone, everyone knew that Mao Anqing's health was not particularly good, and they were afraid that he would be frozen outside, so they all went out to look for him.
As a result, Mao Anqing sat in the snow and played towards the big guy. However, in the middle of winter, you can't sit on the climbing plow for a long time, you need to get down from the climbing plow from time to time to move, Mao Anqing walked too long at a time, and the corner grinded a blood blister, and his teammates hurriedly picked up the blood blister for him, which was restored as before.
After getting acquainted with the work, Mao Anqing devoted himself to his work, and in the process of land reform, some cadres from the south acted excessively and overthrew many middle peasants and landlords indiscriminately.
The situation in the Northeast is different from that of other places in China, where the land is vast and sparsely populated, the products are abundant, and every household has a lot of land and grain, and they all become landlords by their own efforts, and there is rarely a situation in which the landlords in the south exploit the poor.
Many landlords and rich peasants were inexplicably overthrown by the People's Liberation Army's land reform task force, and their assets were confiscated, and at the worst time, 16 landlords committed suicide in one day.
When Mao Anqing saw these tragic situations, he quickly reported the situation to his superiors, so the provincial party committee sent a working group to correct the problem of "expanding the struggle." The Northeast Bureau and the Manchuria Provincial Party Committee also took warning, and Keshan County became a national model for correcting and preventing the expansion of land reform.
After the winter passed, the rural areas of Keshan County ushered in the sowing time of the new year, but Mao Anqing found that most of the farmers in Keshan County lacked labor and livestock, and only 11% of the farmers could complete production independently.
In his spare time, Mao Anqing likes to give speeches, once when he was in Keshan Middle School, when Mao Anqing was excited, he stood up and shouted out Russian, which amused everyone again.
Mao Anqing also likes to play the flute, and also teaches the members of the production team to sing Soviet songs, such as "Katyusha" and "Night on the outskirts of Moscow", according to the memories of Mao Anqing's colleagues, Mao Anqing's flute played very well, and everyone applauded him at the Spring Festival Gala in 1948.
In May 1948, Mao Anqing instructed the farmers to end the spring sowing, looking at the lush crops growing on the black soil, Mao Anqing was very happy, at this time Wang Heshou, secretary of the provincial party committee, came to Keshan to inspect, and said to Mao Anqing with satisfaction: "Comrade Yang Yongshou, your task has been successfully completed, you can go back." ”
Mao Anqing reluctantly left this black land, and after exchanging cherishes with his comrades, he took the train south to enter the customs. When Mao Anqing left, Wang Heshou and Han Yu, the leader of Keshan County, told everyone: "Yang Yongshou's real name is Mao Anqing, which is Chairman Mao's second son, and his mother is a martyr Yang Kaihui." It dawned on everyone.
After returning to Beijing, Mao Anqing worked in the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China because of his excellent Russian, and devoted himself to translating Russian materials for a long time. Soon after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea broke out, and Chairman Mao's eldest son Mao Anying went to the front line to resist US aggression and aid Korea.
Working as a translator and secretary in the Volunteer Army Headquarters, before leaving, the father and son met, but they didn't expect this to be a farewell. On November 25, 1950, the U.S. military attacked the headquarters of the Volunteer Army, and Mao Anying died a heroic death.
Soon after, the bad news reached Beijing, Chairman Mao cried bitterly, Mao Anying's sacrifice was also a very big blow to Mao Anqing, his brother Mao Anying was with his relatives for the longest time, Mao Anqing was extremely sad, it was difficult to accept this reality, the old wound of the brain was committed again, Chairman Mao could only let Mao Anqing fly to the Soviet Union for treatment.
However, far away from the motherland, Mao Anqing was very uncomfortable staying in the Soviet Union alone, and his sister-in-law Liu Siqi told Chairman Mao that Mao Anqing wanted to return to China as soon as possible, so Mao Anqing recuperated in the Nanshan Hotel in Dalian.
In the blink of an eye, a few years passed, Liu Siqi's mother, Ms. Zhang Wenqiu, came to Dalian to visit Mao Anqing, and her second daughter Shao Hua returned home from the Chinese Department of Peking University and also followed her mother to Dalian to play.
In this way, Shao Hua and his mother met Mao Anqing. Unexpectedly, Shao Hua and Mao Anqing had a good relationship, the two chatted very speculatively, and Mao Anqing also took Shao Hua's hand for a walk in Dalian and slowly established a relationship. In 1960, the two held a wedding at the Dalian Hotel, and a few years later, their son Mao Xinyu was born.
At Mao Anqing's memorial service, Mao's family members all came to attend
It can be said that Shao Hua's appearance alleviated Mao Anqing's pain, but as he grew older, the root cause of head trauma became more and more serious. On March 23, 2007, Mao Anqing died of illness in Beijing at the age of 84. At Mao Anqing's memorial service, many veteran cadres, supported by their children, were present to see him off.
At the memorial service, in addition to Mao Anqing's wife Shao Hua and son Mao Xinyu, there were also three special figures, all of whom were Mao's family, they were Mao Anying's wife Liu Siqi, Chairman Mao's two daughters, that is, Mao Anqing's two younger sisters: Li Min and Li Ne.
Although Li Min and Li Ne and Mao Anqing were half-sisters, both of them respected this little brother very much, admired his revolutionary will from the bottom of their hearts, and sympathized with the hardships he suffered during the years of revolutionary struggle.
In 1993, on the 100th anniversary of Chairman Mao's birth, Mao Anqing endured the pain and decided to publish a book reflecting Chairman Mao's revolutionary career.
So Mao Anqing brought his sister-in-law Liu Siqi and two younger sisters, and everyone worked together to publish a series of books of more than 6 million words "China Has a Mao Zedong", which can be regarded as a commemoration of Chairman Mao's great life.
It can be said that Mao Anqing's life was a life of struggle, he always completed the work within his ability, and contributed a lot to our ability to understand Chairman Mao deeply.