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Haydn
Haydn (1732~1809), the composer and founder of the Vienna Classical School in Austria, a great instrumental composer, is known as the "father of the symphony" and "the father of the string quartet".
Haydn
1. Biography Introduction
Haydn was born into a poor family on the border between Austria and Hungary, the son of a horse-drawn carriage builder and a cook mother, and although his parents were ordinary laborers, they both loved music.
In 1738, at the age of six, Haydn left his parents to train in the Vienna church choir.
In 1740, at the age of 8, Haydn was accepted into the choir at St. St. St. Cathedral in Vienna.
For the next nine years, Haydn sang in a children's choir, learning singing, piano, and violin.
Young Haydn
In 1749, Haydn's voice was in a period of voice change, and he could no longer sing the children's voices required by the children's choir, so he quit the choir and began his career as a freelance musician.
In the difficult years that followed, Haydn did many different jobs, but he studied hard, wrote his first quartet and first opera, and gradually improved his professional attainment.
In 1757, Haydn was offered his first important position, that of music director.
In 1759, at the age of 27, Haydn completed his first symphony and became a musical director for a chapel choir.
Young Haydn
In 1761, Haydn was appointed deputy concertmaster of the court by the most powerful Archduke of Eisenstadt, Hungary, and later promoted to concertmaster. Here he spent 30 years as a musical servant.
In 1790, the Grand Duke died and the court band was disbanded.
In 1791 Haydn went to London to join the symphony orchestra and choir. During this period, Haydn wrote one opera, six symphonies, and 20 other works, and his music was so popular that listeners flocked to Haydn's performances, and Haydn gained fame and fortune. Haydn considered becoming a British citizen and living there for a long time, but was unable to do so.
Haydn returned to Vienna, built a new house, and changed his compositional style, beginning to write magnificent choral and symphonic works, completing the oratorio "Genesis" and "The Four Seasons".
Haydn died in Vienna in 1809 at the age of 77.
Haydn
Second, what happened after death
Eight days after Haydn's burial, a skullist bribed the administrator and two other public servants to quietly open the coffin and steal Haydn's head in order to conduct scientific research with the musical genius.
It wasn't until 1954 that Haydn's skull was transported from Vienna to the Eisenstadt family cemetery to merge with his body. After 145 years, Haydn finally had a whole corpse.
Haydn
3. Married life
In 1760, Haydn married Keller, but the relationship was not good after marriage, Keller did not have children, and this incident became an eternal regret in Haydn's heart. Married life caused Haydn great pain, so he devoted more energy to music.
Keller, Haydn's wife
Fourth, three music masters
In 1781, Haydn became a mentor and friend of Mozart, and the two often played string quartets together, and Mozart wrote a quartet dedicated to Haydn.
In 1787, Beethoven visited Mozart in Vienna.
In 1792, Beethoven went to Vienna to study under Haydn, a relationship that ended in 1794 due to differences in artistic philosophy.
Haydn playing