"The source of the Haixi River is in the lake of Buxian Mountain (Changbai Mountain), flows through Nanjing (Chengzi Mountain, Yanji City, Jilin Province) in the north, merges with the Gray Pao River (Huifa River), reaches the west of the Haixi and joins the Tongtong River (Songhua River), and flows into the sea in the east. - "Liaodong Chronicles"
The four divisions of Hulun, also known as the Haixi Jurchens, are one of the three Jurchen divisions (Jianzhou Jurchen, Haixi Jurchen, and Savage Jurchen). In the previous article, the story of the Jianzhou Sanwei (that is, the Jianzhou Jurchen) was specifically told, and today I will talk about the story of the four parts of Hulun.
The name Haixi was first seen in the historical materials of the Yuan Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty set up military and political institutions in the Songhua River basin such as "Liaodong Haixi Dao Sentencing and Prosecution Division", "Haixi, Liaodong Yingfang Wanhu Mansion" and so on. After the fall of the Yuan Dynasty (1368), the Ming army began to enter Liaodong, and the Jurchen tribes in the northeast began to gradually move closer to the Ming Empire under the fierce offensive of the Ming army and the high-spirited national momentum in the early days of the Ming Empire. In the sixteenth year of Hongwu (1383), the Northern Yuan Dynasty Haixi Youcheng Alu Gray sent people to Liaodong to express his willingness to belong to the Ming Dynasty.
In the twentieth year of Hongwu (1387), the highest military and political chief of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Liaodong, Taiwei Nahachu, was forced to raise 200,000 people to join the Ming Empire under the blow of Feng Shengbu of the Ming army. The Ming court set up military and political institutions such as Wuliwei, Jilin Shipyard, Kaiyuan Haixi Post Station, and Yuansanwan Household Mansion in Haixi, and recruited the leaders of the Jurchen tribes in Haixi and canonized them, so as to achieve the goal of defeating the people with razing.
At that time, the Ming Empire was like the middle of the day, the Ming army in the era of Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang went deep into the grassland nine times to attack the remnants of the Northern Yuan, Ming Chengzu Zhu Di also conquered Mobei five times, and the cavalry of the Haixi Jurchens followed the Ming army many times to fight bloodily, which can be described as a good minister. At the same time, under the protection of the Ming Dynasty, the Haixi Jurchens also began to enter a great development, and the number of people increased day by day, and formed a pattern of Hada, Yehe, Wula, and Huifa, which was called the four divisions of Hulun in later generations.
Urabe. It is also called Ullah, also known as Ullah, and Ulla, and is named after the Juula River. Originally living in the lower reaches of the Songhua River, its ancestor Naqibulu moved to the present-day Hulan River Basin. When its strength was at its strongest, it controlled the north to the south of the Songhua River in the east, to the area of Panshi County in the south, to the west to the line of Dehui and Shuangyang County, and to the upper reaches of the Tumen River in the east, that is, the area of Yanbian and Longxian in the present-day area. In the forty-first year of Wanli (1613), the newly rising Jurchen leader of Jianzhou Nurhachi (later Qing Taizu) attacked and destroyed the Ula tribe, and the department was incorporated into the battle sequence of the Eight Banners.
Radiance Department. It is also made of the ash section, and is named after the Juhui River. In the seventh year of Yongle (1409), the Ming court placed Hu'er Haiwei in the area of Huerhai (now Mudanjiang), and its jurisdiction included the lower reaches of the Songhua River. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, it moved south to the Huifa River area, and built a city in Hu(Hu) Erqi Mountain (now Huifa Mountain, Huinan County, Jilin Province), which was called the Huifa Department. In the twenty-first year of Wanli (1593), the Huifa Department attacked Nurhachi because of the 9 coalition troops organized by the Yehe tribe, because it offended Nurhachi. In the thirty-fifth year of Wanli, Nurhachi attacked and destroyed the Huifa Division, and the last leader of the Huifa Division, Baiyin Dali, was killed, and Nurhachi collected all his land, and the department was compiled into the battle sequence of the Eight Banners.
Hada Ministry. Named after the Juhada River, it belongs to the Nala clan, and its ancestors lived in the area of the Hulun River (now the Hulan River). In the fourth year of Yongle (1406), the Ming court set up Tashanwei here. During the Jiajing period, Wang Tai, the leader of the Hada Division, used the strategy of "those who are far away to attract and those who are near to capture" to make the Hada Department reach its peak. Shi Zai: "Shi Yehe, Ula, Huifa and the Hunhe Department to which the Jianzhou Jurchens belonged, all obeyed it." In the tenth year of Wanli (1582), Wang Tai died, and the Hada tribe fell into a chaotic situation of the sons fighting for power, and the power of the Hada tribe gradually declined. In the twenty-seventh year of Wanli (1599), Nurhachi attacked and destroyed the Hada Division, collected all its land, and the department was incorporated into the Eight Banners battle sequence.
Yehbe. It is named after the Güyech River. The ancestor of the Yehe tribe, Xinggendarhan, was a Mongolian Tumut clan, who originally lived in the area north of the Hulawan (now Hulan River), and later moved south to the Yehe River (now called the Kou River in the upper reaches and the Qing River in the lower reaches), so they called the name of Yehe. After the middle of the 16th century, the most powerful of the four tribes of Hulun declined, and the Yehe tribe replaced the Hada tribe as the new "leader" of the four tribes of Hulun, and became Nurhachi's most powerful rival. In the twenty-first year of Wanli (1593), the Yehe tribe united with the three Mongolian tribes (Horqin, Xibe, and Gualecha), the two tribes of Changbai Mountain (Zhusheli and Neyin), and the four tribes of Hulun (Hada, Yehe, Wula, and Huifa) to form a nine-part alliance to attack Nurhachi, but suffered a heavy defeat and fell sharply in strength. In the forty-seventh year of Wanli (1619), Nurhachi annihilated the last elite of the Yehe Department in the Battle of Sarhu, and in the same year, Nurhachi attacked and destroyed the Yehe Department, and all its land was collected, and the department was compiled into the battle sequence of the Eight Banners.
At this point, Nurhachi conquered all four tribes of Hulun. After Nurhachi conquered the four divisions of Hulun, he not only expanded the strategic depth, but also obtained a large number of high-quality soldiers, and enriched the strength of the Houjin (Manchuria) Eight Banners, it was with this fierce Eight Banners Army that Nurhachi began to rush forward in Liaodong, swallowing all the Liaodong that the Ming Dynasty had painstakingly operated for more than 200 years, and sounded the horn of marching into the Central Plains.