#来点儿干货#
Uncle He has been exercising since he was young, so his body is also tough until he retires, and he doesn't even have a small cold, but in the past few days, Uncle He has been cold when swimming, and he has symptoms of cough, phlegm, and runny nose.
Uncle He drank ginger soup for several days without any effect, remembering the compound licorice tablets he used to eat when he was young, and eating this cough for a few days was cured. But Uncle He ran to all the pharmacies near his home, but he didn't buy compound licorice tablets.
The pharmacy clerk told Uncle He that this compound licorice tablet is a prescription drug and cannot be sold at will in the pharmacy. The clerk also recommended a lot of other more effective drugs to Uncle He, but Uncle He didn't want to buy any of them, "Compound licorice tablets are only 5 yuan a bottle, and you can't finish eating them until they expire. ”
Uncle He finally went to the hospital, hung up an emergency number, and was about to buy compound licorice tablets, and the doctor told Uncle He, "Uncle, you don't need to take this medicine for this disease, and many side effects of this medicine are about to be eliminated, I will prescribe something else for you, we all have medical insurance, and it won't cost a few dollars." ”
The doctor persuaded him for a long time, and Uncle He finally relented, took the medicine and left satisfied.
Compound licorice tablets have been popular in major pharmacies and hospitals for a long time, why are doctors not recommending them in recent years?
Compound licorice tablets are not recommended just because they don't make money?
Compound licorice tablets are not a simple traditional Chinese medicine, their ingredients are made of licorice, opium powder, camphor, star anise oil and sodium benzoate, so they are more of a Western medicine, of which the main antitussive ingredient is opium powder.
Licorice invigorates qi and lungs, expels phlegm and suppresses cough, opium inhibits the cough reflex center and plays a cough suppressant role, camphor and star anise oil stimulate mucosal gland secretion, thereby diluting sputum, easy to cough up, plus preservative sodium benzoate to form a compound preparation, which plays a strong antitussive and expectorant role.
From the perspective of ingredients, it can be seen that one of the main reasons for the control of compound licorice tablets is that they contain opioids. Opium is "opium", the specific ingredient in opioid is flavonoids, which has the effect of sedating, antitussive, analgesic, inhibiting the central nervous system, long-term use of dependence and addiction, belongs to the narcotic drugs, so it is strictly controlled. Overdose may also lead to life-threatening respiratory failure due to excessive inhibition of the respiratory center.
According to media reports, a gentleman once helped an American friend buy 16 bottles of licorice tablets, but was directly repatriated by the US authorities and sentenced to five years of baring him from entering the United States. The reason is that the illegal drug ingredient "opioid" was found in compound licorice tablets.
Since 2005, the State Food and Drug Administration has classified compound licorice tablets as prescription drugs, which require a doctor's prescription to prescribe a 3-day supply. This can reduce the addiction caused by the indiscriminate use of drugs, because the identity of the person needs to be verified to buy, and it can also avoid being hoarded by people with good intentions and used for bad purposes.
In addition, in clinical use, compound licorice tablets also show many unsatisfactory side effects.
The main ingredient of compound licorice tablets is glycyrrhizic acid, which has a similar effect to adrenal corticosteroid, and taking a large amount of it in a short period of time can easily lead to increased pseudoaldosterone, so that the body excretes a large amount of potassium and retains sodium.
Excessive loss of potassium causes hypokalemia, leading to premature beats, arrhythmias and other heart diseases. Therefore, patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should not take it blindly.
Long-term use of licorice tablets can also cause adverse drug reactions such as abnormal weight gain, cold sweats, diarrhea, and restlessness. Therefore, the mainland strictly controls the use of compound licorice tablets and gradually replaces treatment with other drugs.
With the continuous development of modern medicine, the types of drugs are also emerging, just a small cold and cough, there are more than a dozen ways to choose, but the most suitable for yourself is the best medicine.
Cough with phlegm, "what phlegm with what medicine"
Cough, accompanied by white sputum, is usually caused by a viral infection. Viral infection leads to an increase in airway secretions, so the use of antiviral drugs under the guidance of a doctor can treat the symptoms and root causes, solve the source of white phlegm, and achieve therapeutic effects, such as antiviral particles.
According to traditional Chinese medicine, white phlegm has not yet turned into heat, and it should be the wind and cold attacking the surface. The general cough and phlegm caused by wind and cold can be self-healing if the righteousness is vigorous and the anti-evil is powerful.
However, if the qi of the human body is weak, it can be treated with the method of Xinwen to relieve the surface, and choose drugs such as nepeta, parsnip, and Su Ye that have the effect of relieving the surface and dissipating cold, such as the Chinese patent medicine Lanqin oral liquid.
Coughing up yellow sputum is usually due to a bacterial infection. Bacteria invade the bronchial tubes and even the lungs, causing a local inflammatory response, the presence of a large number of pus cells, producing a large amount of airway secretions, thus showing signs of yellow sputum.
Clinically, if the cough and sputum are severe, antibiotic and antibacterial treatment is required under the guidance of a doctor to eradicate it. Ambroxol hydrochloride tablets can promote the discharge of viscous secretions from the respiratory tract and improve the symptoms of sputum hypertrophy.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that external evil offenders are prone to yellow phlegm, or wind and heat attack the surface, which is the symptom of wind and heat. Clinically, Chinese patent medicines that are pungent and cool, clear away heat and detoxify are mostly used to achieve the effect of dispelling wind and dissipating heat. For example, Banlangen granules, Yinqiaosan, etc. can be used to treat clinical cough and yellow sputum.
However, it should be noted that if there is a long-term cough and sputum production, and it is not well relieved by medication, it is necessary to go to the hospital in time for a comprehensive examination to determine the cause of the disease, so as not to delay the condition.
Similar to compound licorice tablets, there are many drugs that used to be used to be common at home, but now they are gradually "eliminated" by the clinic because of various side effects or low efficacy.
These two herbs were once all the rage, and now they are also controlled
Vitamin C silver warp tablets
The main ingredients on the bright surface of vitamin C are vitamin C, forsythia, honeysuckle and acetaminophen. It claims to be able to "dispel wind and detoxify", but cold and heat are not the direct cause of colds, so there is no conclusive evidence that the ingredients contained in vitamin C Yinqiao tablets can relieve cold symptoms.
In the process of making vitamin C silver warp tablets, industrial sulfur is used for fumigation, and the medicine may contain toxic substances. Taking toxic substances into the body can easily cause toxic reactions, nausea and vomiting, and affect physical health.
Since 2013, the Hong Kong Department of Health has urged everyone not to take "Vitamin C Yinqiao Tablets", which may contain a variety of undeclared ingredients that may be harmful to health.
In addition, if you take immunosuppressants and other drugs at the same time while taking the drug, it may lead to an increase in the blood concentration of vitamin C Yinqiao tablets, increase the toxicity of the drug, and cause poisoning.
Therefore, so far, there are fewer and fewer manufacturers and pharmacies on the market that produce or even sell vitamin C Yinqiao tablets, and they are gradually replaced by more stable and safe air dissipation and heat dissipation drugs.
Montmorillonite powder
During the epidemic, some patients had gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, bloating, nausea, and vomiting.
Montmorillonite powder is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation mainly composed of montmorillonite, sucrose, etc., which has the effects of adsorption and protection of intestinal mucosa, and is used for the treatment of acute diarrhea and other diseases.
However, from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, montmorillonite powder is a powder, which cannot be dissolved in water, cannot be absorbed after entering the intestine, and does not have a tonic effect, so traditional Chinese medicine does not recommend taking montmorillonite powder, there are many better options, and montmorillonite powder is only an emergency existence.
And if it is diarrhea caused by viruses and bacteria, it is a reaction of the body's detoxification and is the body's self-protection mechanism. Taking too much montmorillonite powder may change the intestinal habits, causing constipation and spherical stools.
Recent studies have shown that long-term use of montmorillonite may lead to kidney damage and electrolyte imbalances. Therefore, the clinical application of montmorillonite powder is more cautious.
Patients with mild diarrhea can regulate the gastrointestinal tract by taking probiotics, and can also take the traditional Chinese medicine berberine, which also plays an antidiarrheal role.
The rapid development of modern pharmacology, whether it is Western medicine, Chinese medicine or Chinese patent medicine are full of tricks, a disease is eager to produce hundreds of medicines, in the final analysis, follow the doctor's instructions, find out the cause, under the guidance of the doctor, is the most suitable choice.
References [1]Shen Yin, Liu Yong, Chen Fanghui, et al.Management and rational use of opioid-containing compound preparations[J].Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Control,2021,27(05):641-643+648.
Shanghai Medicine,2014,35(07):61-62.
Family Medicine,2010,(12):24.
[4] Si Jigang, Li Aijie.Reasonable and standardized use of montmorillonite powder[J].Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy,2018,24(08):62-64.