Today's young people are not as "laborious" as the older generation, they are sedentary for a long time, they love to eat takeout, and they are accompanied by mental stress, so many diseases come to their door.
27-year-old Xiao Qin is like this, began to have a slight abnormality in the stool, thinking that it was just a gastrointestinal problem, because of long-term bad Xi caused gastrointestinal problems, as the condition gradually worsened, Xiao Qin realized that something was wrong with him, and as a result, he went to the hospital to be diagnosed with intestinal cancer. Doctors also told that bowel cancer develops from mild to severe, and many people tend to ignore it.
1. Causes of bowel cancer
Colorectal cancer is generally divided into colon cancer and rectal cancer, early diagnosis is very important, men are more common in women, mainland rectal cancer is more common than colon cancer, and pathological types are more common in adenocarcinoma.
The main factors that lead to the occurrence of bowel cancer are:
1. Heredity. People with a family history of genetics have a much higher risk of developing cancer than others.
2. Diet. People who do not pay attention to balanced nutrition, lack protein, vitamins and trace elements, and often eat high-fat foods are prone to intestinal cancer.
3. Diseases of the digestive tract. Crohn's disease, colitis, and rectal polyps are prone to secondary colorectal cancer in the later stages.
4. Miscellaneous. Smoking produces carcinogens that can easily cause colorectal adenocarcinoma, while obesity and mood are also carcinogenic factors.
5. Schistosomiasis is also one of the carcinogenic factors.
2. Classification of bowel cancer
Bowel cancer can be divided into rectal cancer, left colon cancer and right colon cancer, and then we will discuss the symptoms of bowel cancer.
1. Rectal cancer: Rectal cancer mainly causes blood in the stool, changes in the frequency of bowel movements and changes in stool quality;
2. Left colon cancer: it is extremely easy to cause intestinal obstruction, manifested as abdominal pain, abdominal distension, diarrhea, no bowel movement, gas, blood in the stool, etc.;
3. Right colon cancer: Right colon cancer can show symptoms of anemia, as well as abdominal lumps, abdominal pain and other symptoms.
Blood in the stool generally appears in the early stage, blood in the stool can carry fresh blood, sometimes the amount of bleeding is small and not easy to detect with the naked eye, and it is not easy to find after staying in the body for a long time, and a occult blood test is generally required. Colorectal cancer patients have abnormal bowel movements, the number of bowel movements increases every day, the amount of bowel movements is not much, and there is a feeling of tenesmus, so it is necessary to be alert to the risk of bowel cancer when this symptom occurs.
If you usually have a lot of bowel movements every day and no other symptoms, it is generally a Xi problem, so you don't have to worry. Colorectal cancer patients may also have abnormal stool morphology, which will become thin and flat due to the compression of tumors or lumps, and some will have blood stains.
3. Treatment of bowel cancer
The treatment principle of bowel cancer is generally to take personalized treatment according to age, pathological type, and degree of invasion. Carcinoma in situ is generally treated endoscopically, which can be cured, and early cancer can also be treated to achieve radical cure, with a good prognosis.
Endoscopic treatment is aimed at patients with early symptoms, with less trauma, faster recovery and fewer complications, but it can only be done if certain conditions are met: the tumor should be immobile, the size of the mass should be less than 3cm, the edge of the resected tumor should be greater than 3mm, and there should be no lymphatic metastasis. If the condition can be detected early, it can be treated endoscopically, but this needs to be done on a case-by-case basis.
The five-year survival rate for patients treated with endoscopy is 90%, and the risk of recurrence is less than 5%. After endoscopic treatment, regular reexamination should be carried out, and those without recurrence can be rechecked once a year, and those with signs of recurrence should be rechecked once every 3 months, and surgery should be performed if necessary.
Patients with lymphatic metastases without distant metastases have a 5-year survival rate of 50% to 70% with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Patients with distant metastases need to consider additional comprehensive measures such as traditional Chinese medicine and immunotherapy.
Fourth, prognosis
The treatment of colorectal cancer is not without complications, and any disease has a certain degree of impact after treatment.
Endoscopic treatment will cause intestinal perforation, mild or small intestinal perforation can also be conservatively treated, severe need to be surgically repaired. Surgical complications can generally cause bleeding, the problem can be large or small, special attention should be paid to the fact that if the intestinal snout does not heal due to various factors, it is easy to cause fistula, which is the most serious complication of bowel cancer.
The most serious complications of radiotherapy are intestinal bleeding and intestinal perforation, which are manifested as abdominal pain, bloating, cessation of bowel movements, gas, and fever; chemotherapy will show gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, as well as platelets and leukopenia, but can slowly return to normal after stopping chemotherapy.
5. Clinical judgment of colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer is now relatively common and should be taken seriously. Usually we have to pay more attention to our bowel movements, everyone's Xi and diet are different, as well as emotional and physical conditions, the frequency of bowel movements is naturally different.
Some people have to defecate every day, and some will defecate only for two or three days, but the number of bowel movements in a week should not be less than three times, and if there is any abnormality, they should see a doctor in time.
The stool is metabolically decomposed in the body, and the final color is dark tan or light brown, and food and drugs will affect the color of the stool, and the specific situation should be judged according to the specific situation.
The nature of the stool can also judge the physical condition, daily constipation or diarrhea, the shape of the stool is different, the medical stool is divided into seven different forms: 1. granular, hard, 2. sausage-like, uneven surface, 3. sausage-like, cracked surface, 4. sausage-like or snake-like, smooth surface, 5. soft lumpy, clear boundary, 6. loose and soft, unclear boundary, pasty, 7. completely liquid. The first and second types indicate constipation, the third and fourth are the shape of most normal people's bowel movements, which are ideal, and the fifth to seventh are reminders of diarrhea.
summary
Now the incidence of colorectal cancer has been biased towards teenagers, life pressure is increasing, especially a person working hard, often eating irregularly, or staying up late, love to eat junk food, but also often in a high-pressure environment, very easy to cause intestinal burden, in the long run, bowel cancer is easy to occur in these Xi people. Colorectal cancer is easy to ignore in the early stages, and by the time the problem is discovered, it is already in the middle and advanced stages.
In daily life, we must learn to observe the frequency of individual bowel movements, the color of bowel movements and the shape of bowel movements, these three points can help detect the physical condition, once the frequency of bowel movements changes, the color and shape are different from the past, we must go to the hospital for examination in time. Nowadays, cancer is frequent, don't wait until the condition worsens before going to the hospital, early prevention, early detection, and early treatment are the best guarantees for your health.
Preventive health care in daily life starts with diet, light diet, less fried and less spicy, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, consume more dietary fiber foods to increase intestinal peristalsis, appropriate exercise not only enhances immunity, but also speeds up metabolism and excretes toxins.