A map of a thousand miles of rivers and mountains
"A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" is the only work passed down by the Northern Song Dynasty painter Wang Ximeng. On the picture, the peaks and mountains are undulating, and the rivers are vast. Mountain waterfalls, winding paths, houses, green willows and red flowers, long pines and bamboo, beautiful scenery. The wild fishing village, the water pavilion platform, the hut and the long bridge of the water mill are each set up according to the topographical environment, and the mountains and lakes are reflected. With its concise techniques, brilliant colors and fine brushwork, the paintings express the majesty and magnificence of mountains and rivers, and are regarded as a giant in the green landscape of the Song Dynasty.
Paint the mineral powder layer by layer and dye it. The first layer is made of ink as a powder, the second layer is colored with ochre to pave the green behind, forming a cold and warm contrast, making it more bright, the third layer is colored with stone green, stone green is generally made of precious turquoise or malachite, it has a very important position in the art of painting, it is the stone green that achieves the layered and dazzling green landscape, the fourth layer is mainly green, but it is superimposed with other colors on it, showing a very rich color, the fifth layer is cyan with blue copper ore. It took these five layers of superposition to complete the painting. Among them, the white color on the fisherman's body is a millennia-old yellow. More than a thousand years have passed, and the whole still maintains a bright color. It is of landmark significance in the history of Chinese green landscape painting.
"A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" is 51.5 cm in length and 1191.5 cm in width, on silk, turquoise color, we see the luster in the painting today is still so bright, because this luster comes from the turquoise in it, the unique color of turquoise is very beautiful, and it is still a good pigment to paint with mineral pigments. The use of expensive turquoise as pigments means that the country and mountains will never fade. Please rotate your mobile phone to feel the "Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" made of turquoise.
"A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" Please look horizontally
The Northern Song Dynasty painter Wang Ximeng showed extraordinary talent for painting at the age of eighteen, was recruited as a student of the Northern Song Painting Academy, and was later summoned to the library of forbidden Chinese, was recognized by a generation of art emperors Song Huizong Zhao Tuohui, was personally taught by Song Huizong, and finally became a great instrument after careful teaching, and created the "Map of a Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" half a year later.
Wang Xi Mengtu
However, a year or two after the painting, Wang Ximeng died, and there was a rumor that Wang Ximeng walked into the studio alone after painting and painting, and after a long time, when people opened the studio to go in to find him, they found that the person was gone, and people said that Wang Ximeng had drilled into the "Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" at that time.
As the emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, although Song Huizong did not have any talent in governing the country, he was a rare genius in calligraphy and painting, he not only had a high degree of achievement in the work of brush strokes, but also had a unique insight into the relationship between perspective, "A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" is Wang Ximeng's work under the guidance of Song Hui's religion. Shortly after Emperor Huizong of Song received the "Map of a Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains", he gave the painting to his favorite courtier Cai Jing. After Cai Jing got this painting, he wrote a souvenir at the end of the painting:
"On the first day of April of the third leap year of Zhenghe, Xi Meng was eighteen years old, and he used to be a disciple in painting, and was summoned to the library of forbidden Chinese, and he did not work much. Shang (Emperor Huizong of Song) knew that his nature was teachable, so he instructed him and personally taught him the Fa. Not more than half a year old, but in this way. Shangjiazhi, because he gave the subject Jing, said that the world's corporal was just doing it. ”
Northern Song Dynasty ruler Cai Jing inscription
After Emperor Qinzong zhao huan of the Song Dynasty ascended the throne, the "Map of a Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" was collected by the Northern Song Dynasty; after the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty Zhao Shuo carried this painting with him to the Southern Song Dynasty, and the painting was included in the Southern Song Dynasty Inner Province, after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty; it was also collected by Li Puguang, a senior monk and calligrapher of the Yuan Dynasty. At the end of the scroll is his inscription in the seventh year of Daedeok (1303):
"At the age of self-study, I have only been able to view this volume, and so far it has only been a hundred years, and its kung fu is clever, and there are still people who can't go through it in their minds, so-called one time throwing out a new one." And its color is bright, the arrangement is grand, so that Wang Jinqing and Zhao Qianli should also be short-tempered, and they can walk alone for a thousand years in the small scenery of ancient and modern Danqing, and the lonely moon ear of the stars. Those who have eyes and know the voice will not be vain in their words. In the winter of the seventh year of Daitoku, he was born in December of the seventh year of the shōgun University Shiyuki-an Puguang. ”
Yuan Dynasty monk Pu Guang Baowen
At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, this painting was collected by the famous bibliophile and literary scholar Liang Qing (1620-1691). He signed it himself, and then stamped the Liang collection and printing on this painting and the water and the connecting paper. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, this painting passed through several circulations into the Qianlong Inner Province. The Qianlong Emperor inscribed a poem on the front screen of the long scroll:
The rivers and mountains are boundless, and the vitality is full of luck to the gods.
The Northern Song Dynasty Ishizoku Shōshū Erben, and the Three Tang Dynasty Fa General Fu Duo.
But the king and Zhao of the world were already surprised.
He who does not think of himself as a man, then adjusts to who he is.
The Seven Laws Poem inscribed by the Qianlong Emperor
Meaning: Huizong, who cultivated and cultivated talents like Xi Meng, why didn't he reflect on why he would appoint someone like Cai Jing to govern the country at that time? Qianlong read the "Map of a Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" and the Cai Jingbawen at the end of the volume, and he was very emotional.
Since then, the "Thousand Mile River and Mountain Map" has been collected in the Inner House of the Qing Dynasty, until the end of the Qing Dynasty, the "Thousand Mile River and Mountain Map" was brought out of the palace by Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and was exiled to the people several times. After liberation, it was recovered by the state and is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing.