(Qingshuitang: Chairman Mao's former residence.) Picture from the Internet)
Tracing the youthful footprints of great men (2) The hut of Qingshui Pond
Author: Liu Yanlin
From tomorrow onwards, be a happy person
Feed the horses, chop wood, and travel the world
From tomorrow, care about food and vegetables
I have a house facing the sea and spring is blooming
Right now, I'm standing in front of a house. This house sits in the north and faces south, the house is surrounded by gentle slopes on three sides, the tall camphor trees cover the sky and the thick shade, in front of the house, there are several ponds. This place is called Qingshuitang.
Changsha, the capital city of Hunan Province, is a hilly area in central Hunan Province, and there is never a shortage of undulating hills and winding flowing water. Changsha has many place names called "Ling" and "Tang", such as Yuanjialing, Changling, Literacy Ridge (the place where Yang Kaihui sacrificed), Dongtang, Zuojiatang, which are very sincere. Only the place name "Qingshuitang" reveals a trace of romance and warmth. It's as if it was born waiting for a great man to put his home here.
Qingshuitang is the first real home of Mao Zedong and "dear lady" Yang Kaihui. In the winter of 1920, Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui got married in the principal office of the First Normal School and lived here. Later, he moved to Hunan Self-Study University of Chuanshan Institute and got married completely naked. Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui's short ten-year marriage, Qingshuitang, is their only warm carrier. Although Mao Zedong only lived here for a year and a half (October 1921 to April 1923), it was the longest time that Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui lived together.
In January 2013, we visited the Clear Water Tong Memorial Park. Qingshuitang Memorial Park is located in the center of Changsha, at the northeast corner of the crossroads. Outside the walls on both sides are a constant stream of vehicles. Entering the park, the open square is bathed in the warm winter sun, the uncle plays tai chi, the aunts dance the square dance, and the dolls run around noisily. It's a peaceful and comfortable picture.
The cottage in Qingshuitang: The entrance is the living room (picture from the Internet)
This small bungalow with blue bricks and black tiles and wooden planks is not only the former residence of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui, but also the former site of the Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China, a national patriotic education base. We first walked into the small courtyard from the side, the tall gray wall separated the hustle and bustle outside, and the courtyard was only a place of sunlight and shade. The house is rectangular in shape, one horizontal and two vertical, divided into six rooms. In the middle of the door, the front is the living room, the back of the living room is the dining room, the master bedroom and the second bedroom on the left and right sides of the living room, and the guest bedroom and study room on the left and right sides of the dining room. The restaurant has a back door, and at the back door there is a small courtyard, which is covered by the thick shade behind the wall, and in the right corner of the small courtyard is a small kitchen, and in the left corner is a small bathhouse.
Inside the fence is the backyard. The picture comes from the Internet
Mao Zedong's mother-in-law, that is, the wife of Teacher Yang Changji, and Mao Zedong's wife, accompanied Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui.
At this moment, I imagine how happy the twenty-year-old Kaihui, two years after losing her father, walked into this cottage led by Runzhi's brother's big hand!
Mao Zedong was the director (i.e., the principal) of the Hunan No. 1 Normal School, the president of the Hunan No. 1 Normal School Alumni Association, and also served as a Chinese language teacher of the Hunan No. 1 Normal School. It is conceivable that Qingshuitang is not only a quiet and quiet place to live, but also a lively place full of friends.
Mao Zedong's classmates, colleagues, friends, as well as classmates' classmates and friends' friends often come to Qingshuitang to visit and visit Mrs. Yang, He Shuheng, Li Weihan, Yi Lirong, Guo Liang, Xia Xi and others, they are alumni classmates who have been close to Mao Zedong in the first division, Li Lisan is the first responder to Mao Zedong's "28 painting students" solicitation statement during his study in Mao Zedong's first division, Xia Minghan is Mao Zedong's part-time student of Hunan Self-study University. Liu Shaoqi is a friend of friends. The lights on the shore of Qingshui Pond are infinitely warm. Some progressive youths have also defected here. The small guest bedroom is often inhabited by friends, classmates, and fellow villagers.
The cottage in Qingshuitang, the former site of the Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China and the former residence of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui (picture from the Internet)
Still water flows deeply. It seems to be a peaceful and comfortable life, but behind it is a turbulent wave. No. 22 Qingshuitang, outside Xiaowumen, Changsha, where President Mao lived, was actually the first provincial-level office of the Communist Party of China. On October 10, 1921, the Hunan branch of the Communist Party of China (the first provincial-level party organization in the country at that time) was established, and Mao Zedong served as the first branch secretary. In May 1922, the Hunan branch of the Communist Party of China was upgraded to the Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China (with jurisdiction over Hunan Province and Pingxiang, Jiangxi), and Mao Zedong served as the first secretary. The alumni colleagues and friends who come and go to Qingshuitang are all members of the district committee. As one of the earliest female members of the Communist Party of China, Yang Kaihui helped Mao Zedong sort out and transcribe materials and do a good job of liaison work during the day; at night, she sat by the door of the hall to observe the movements, stood guard for the comrades who came to the meeting, and prepared supper and baking for Mao Zedong, who worked all night.
The kerosene lamps in the middle of the night in Qingshuitang illuminate the burning eyes of the communists, and the oil lamps in Qingshuitang are the beacons guiding the workers' movement, youth movement, and people's anti-imperialist patriotic movement in Hunan District.
During Mao Zedong's tenure as secretary of the Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China, he showed outstanding leadership skills. Leading the Anyuan workers' movement in Hunan in 1922 is one of the glorious examples.
Mao Zedong, as the instructor of the Anyuan labor movement, went to Anyuan seven times. Li Lisan and Liu Shaoqi, members of the Xiang District Party Committee, went deep into the Anyuan Coal Mine to carry out the party's work. In 1922, the first civilian school "Anyuan Civilian School" was founded, and the party's first industrial workers' branch "Anyuan Road Mine Branch" was established; Initiated the establishment of the "Anyuan Road Miners' Club" with legal status, and launched a strike of Anyuan Road miners in mid-September. Mao Zedong formulated the strategy of "mourning the soldiers will win," and Li Lisan and Liu Shaoqi followed the instructions to put forward the slogan of "mourning and moving" and waged a struggle of "no hesitation." As a result, more than 17,000 workers shouted: "In the past, they were cattle and horses, but now they must be people!" As a result, in only five days, the two bureaus of roads and mines accepted various political and economic conditions, and won a complete victory with "not a single person injured and not a single thing defeated."
From October 1921 to April 1923, the year and a half was the warmest time in the world of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui. In the years that followed, Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui were separated and briefly reunited countless times, and they said goodbye to each other.
From October 1922 to April 1923, this was the happiest half of the year for Mao Anying's children. Although he didn't remember it when he grew up, Qingshuitang remembered that Xiao Anying fell to the ground here, and Qingshuitang remembered that Mao Zedong, as a young man who was a father for the first time, was unfamiliar and clumsy and hugged Xiao Anying, singing as he walked: "The Emperor of Heaven, the Emperor of the Earth, there is a night crying man in my family......
In April 1923, Mao Zedong was transferred to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and left Hunan for Shanghai. Li Weihan succeeded as secretary of the Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China, and the district party committee organs also moved out of Qingshuitang.
Without the revolutionary collective life of her husband and comrades-in-arms, Yang Kaihui felt extremely lonely and lonely. Since then, "I live at the head of the Yangtze River, you live at the end of the Yangtze River, and I don't think about you every day, but I see the water of the Yangtze River." ”
After the three major congresses of the Communist Party of China in 1923, Mao Zedong traveled from Guangzhou to Shanghai. On September 16, he returned to Hunan and prepared for the establishment of the Kuomintang Hunan organization as a member of the Kuomintang. The lights of Qingshui Pond are full of warm halos. At the end of November, the hut in Qingshuitang had more croaking sounds of small shore greens. What a rare little family warm time!
At the end of December, Mao Zedong left Changsha for Shanghai on the notice of the Central Committee. Before parting, Yang Kaihui and Anying Anqing moved out of Qingshuitang. Mao Zedong wrote a poem "Congratulations to the Bridegroom, Farewell Friends" to Yang Kaihui:
Wave your hand away. is even more poignant, bitter and re-complaining.
The corners of his eyes and eyebrows seem to be hateful, and the tears are ready to return. I misunderstood the words of the previous book.
After the surging clouds and mist, I am considered a confidant in the world and you. Heavy emotion, tears like rain.
Tonight, the frost is heavy on Dongmen Road, shining on the waning moon in Hengtang for half a day, and it is as clear as promised.
The whistle has been broken, and the end of the world has been lonely since then. Cut off the strands of sorrow and hatred.
I want to be a guest of the rivers and seas, not a nickname. The mountains are falling, and the clouds are horizontal.
It is better to be happy alone than to be happy in all. The reason why great men become great men, and the wives of great men, can become the wives of great men, is because they are extraordinary, and they dare to sacrifice personal happiness and comfort for the benefit of the vast majority of people. Sacrifice the small self, achieve the big self, and serve the people wholeheartedly.
Written on February 24, 2013