Before reading this article, I sincerely invite you to click "Follow", which is not only convenient for you to discuss and share, but also brings you a different sense of participation, thank you for your support.
Text/Chenchen doesn't like to eat tofu c
Editor/Chenchen doesn't like to eat tofu c
Preface
Siberia is an extremely important region of Russia, and the first impression of it is that it is cold, and the winter here is very long and lasts for about seven months, and in order to cope with this extreme weather, the residents here will prepare sufficient winter supplies in advance.
minus 70 degrees
With a minimum temperature of minus 71.2 degrees Celsius and an average temperature of minus 46.4 in January, you can not only see the snow frozen for thousands of miles, but also feel the loneliness of silence and the tenacity of life. In Siberia, you can experience a primitive way of life, but you can also feel the progress of modern technology.
There is no one exact answer to how terrible the winter is here, because different people will feel it differently. In such bad weather, anything that is taken outside can freeze instantly, which is why they have to prepare winter equipment in advance, where they don't feel the summer heat.
Store food
In the course of three months, only the southern part of Siberia may still reach high temperatures in the 30s, while the northern region has a maximum temperature of about 19 degrees, so they start preparing for the next seven months in mid-August every year, which may seem exaggerated to some people, but in fact it is a normal life for them.
Because of the weather, many foods cannot be guaranteed to be fresh, and if you don't prepare them in advance, transportation will become a big problem in winter, which is not a matter of freshness. A month before the beginning of winter, every household will pre-purchase rice, flour, grain and oil, and store more than 500 kilograms per person, so that they will not worry about food shortages.
In the past, the indigenous Yakut people here also had the Xi of eating raw meat. At that time, because of the weather, they had to do this, and they ate sashimi and raw venison with toast, and people at that time did not think about whether the raw meat had bacteria, they thought that they could save their lives.
Gradually, this became a special Xi custom of some indigenous people, and with the change of living conditions, their dietary Xi habits also changed, and the meat they stored the most was venison, because they themselves were professional deer farmers. Before the onset of winter, they decide how many deer to store according to the population, and the process of preparing in advance can take up to half a month.
Because it requires a lot of processes, it may need to be dried and smoked, which still takes some time. In addition to venison, fish is one of the most common stocks for Siberians, as water is abundant, fish is inexpensive, and many families have their own small fish ponds that can also be fished themselves.
The oldest freshwater lake
Siberia has the deepest in the world, the largest and oldest freshwater lake in Eurasia, Lake Baikal, its size is beyond your imagination, according to statistics, Lake Baikal produces 3 billion catties of fish a year, and the aquatic products are quite developed. It is known as the "reservoir of the world" and has a maximum depth of 1,741 meters and an average depth of 744 meters.
Dating back 30 million years, it predates any other lake in the world, and it is a continental rift lake formed as a result of the movement and fission of the earth's crust. It covers an area of about 31,700 square kilometers, equivalent to the land area of Belgium, and produces about 23,600 cubic kilometers of water, accounting for 20% of the world's fresh water flow, nearly 10 times that of China's fresh water.
Lake Baikal was once the territory of China
It used to be the North Sea of China, the territory of China, and in the ancient documents of the mainland, Lake Baikal is called "Hanhai", "White Sea" and other different names, and she is an important area for friendship and conquest between China and the northern nomads. During the Yuan and Tang dynasties, Lake Baikal was included in their territory.
The Tang Dynasty was one of the most powerful dynasties in mainland history, and its territory once reached its largest extent, including the present-day Korean Peninsula and Vietnam. During the Tang Dynasty, Lake Baikal was the North Sea of China, the frontier of the mainland, and later dynasties also had contact with Baikal.
During the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty signed the Treaties of Nebuchu, Brensky and Kyakhta with Tsarist Russia, which determined the northern border between China and Russia and recognized the occupation of Lake Baikal by Tsarist Russia.
Lake Baikal is rich in fish, is the main source of income for local fishermen, the largest freshwater fish in the water is sturgeon, body length can reach more than 2 meters, weight can reach more than 300 catties, in recent years, because the number of fish in the lake is decreasing year by year, the Russian government has also issued a ban on fishing, fishing restrictions.
The origin of the name Siberia
The origin of the name of Siberia has a lot to do with the Xianbei ethnic minority in ancient China, during the Qin and Han dynasties, Donghu was defeated by the Xiongnu Mao Dunshan Yu, divided into two parts, respectively, retreated to Wuheng Mountain and Xianbei Mountain, formed Wuheng Mountain and Xianbei Tribe, enslaved by the Xiongnu.
Later, the rise of the Xianbei people, is the rise of the ancient nomads in the Mongolian Plateau after the Xiongnu, arose in the Great Khing'an Mountains, to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Xianbei nomads had the greatest influence on China, because of their rise, so that this region of Siberia has a name.
Travel
In addition to food in the cold winter, people in Siberia also have to face a big problem, the car is not the best means of travel in the Siberian winter, driving out, the car may be turned off for a short time, which will cause the engine and oil storage position to be frozen instantly.
There are also buses, and some bus stops are equipped with heating systems, but when the cold snap hits, bus operations will be reduced by about 80%, and many schools will be closed as a result, making it more difficult for people to get around. The super cold snap can also bring blizzards and hurricanes, which can cause great trouble to people's lives.
The buildings in the city will freeze due to the snow, and in severe cases, the floors, walls, and ceilings of the houses will also freeze. Winter life in Siberia is very harsh and simple, Siberia has a population of about 36 million, half of whom live in the cities, the rest in the countryside or nomadic areas, and different environments dictate different lifestyles.
Different lifestyles
People living in cities are much better off, they have heating, water and electricity, and there is no shortage of public services such as transportation, communications, education and health care, because of the climate, which will limit the way for city dwellers to have fun. Life is even more difficult for rural or nomadic people.
Most of them rely on traditional lifestyles such as planting, grazing, and hunting to make a living, and the rental conditions are very poor, most of them live in wooden huts or tents, and have no heating equipment, so they can only rely on firewood for heating. But even so, Siberia cannot be reduced to no man's land.
From Tsarist Russia to the Soviet Union to the present Russia, successive governments have tried to develop this land, and many efforts have been made to this end, such as the "Prisoner of War Camp Reconstruction Plan" and the "Siberian New City Plan". Even in order to attract more and more new immigrants, the government has introduced a lot of preferential policies.
Not only are there many services such as free rent, job opportunities and free medical care, but more than half of the people choose to leave. Living in Siberia means dealing with a seven-month winter, which makes it necessary for residents to prepare for emergencies and the challenges of severe cold.
Although living in such a place can be difficult, the inhabitants of Siberia are still living with tenacity, for whom winter is not just a season, but more of a challenge to their ability to survive.