Zonghe
Jiangsu Changshu Museum recently held the "Special Exhibition of Qian Qianyi and Yushan Poetry School of Cultural Relics", exhibiting more than 60 cultural relics, through a large number of cultural relics, calligraphy and painting, ancient books and documents, showing the achievements and influences of Qian Qianyi and Yushan Poetry School in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. The Paper published a special edition of Qian Qianyi's book "Singing and Poetry with Zhongxue", Qian Qianyi's book Wang Weishi Fan Page, Liu Ruyi's portrait and other appreciation articles.
Qian Qianyi (1582-1664) was one of the leaders of the Donglin Party in the late Ming Dynasty, and was later demoted to the position of Rebbe Attendant. Historically, the evaluation of Qian Qianyi because of his surrender to the Qing Dynasty is controversial, but in fact, after entering the Qing Dynasty, Qian Qianyi still privately plotted against the Qing military generals and secretly funded the anti-Qing. Especially in terms of literary status, Qian Qianyi and the Yushan poetry school had a greater influence. Qian Qianyi's calligraphy is very rare, and the Changshu Museum has collected Qian Qianyi's book "Singing and Poetry with Zhongxue" volume, Qian Qianyi's book Wang Weishi fan page, etc. "Singing harmony poems with Zhongxue and others" is 22.2 centimeters long and 212 centimeters wide, and is inked for Qian Qianyi to sing and write poems with his friend Wei Huanchu (Zhongxue) and others in the first year of Ming Chongzhen (1628). After Qian's death, he was repeatedly issued by the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty and listed as a "second minister", and his books were banned and most of the inkblots were lost. This volume of ink is a rare treasure of Qian's existence, which is valuable for the study of Qian's calligraphy and the study of Qian's poetry.
Qian Qianyi is like
Ming Qian Qianyi "With Zhongxue and Other Singing and Poetry Calligraphy Volume" 22.2 cm in length and 212 cm in width In the collection of Changshu Museum
According to the information released by the Changshu Museum, the long volume of Qian's handwritten book is divided into five paragraphs, the first paragraph of seven-word poems is two, the second paragraph is a five-word ancient poem, the third paragraph is a seven-word poem, the fourth paragraph is a seven-word poem, three seven-word absolute sentences, and the fifth paragraph is a seven-word absolute sentence and a seven-word law poem. Ten poems were recorded. Of the five paragraphs, the first four paragraphs are written in letters, and the fifth paragraph is written in letters.
Ming Qian Qianyi "With Zhongxue and Other Singing and Poetry Calligraphy Volume" (partial) 22.2 cm in length and 212 cm in width In the collection of Changshu Museum
The recorded poems were written in the first half of the Chongzhen dynasty, when the Qian clan was impeached as the leader of the Donglin Party and returned to the south for the rest of the year, and was idle in his hometown of Changshu, at the age of forty-seven. The calligraphy community believes that Qian's calligraphy was rigorous and solid in his prime, and calligraphy in his later years was flowing and flexible. In the first year of the reign of Emperor Yiren of the Qing Dynasty, Zong Tingfu had a long post, and zhengzuo made this assessment: "The poem was written in the early years of Chongzhen, and the calligraphy of the Cao'e Stele was written in a strict and scrupulous manner, and in his later years, he was ups and downs. "
In addition to the study of calligraphy, this long volume of Qian's ink is also valuable for the study of Qian's poetry. The poems recorded in the long volume can be found in the "Complete Works of Qian Muzhai" (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2003 edition), volume 5 of the "Chongzhen Poetry Collection I", but the poem titles and poems are different from each other. The inkblot refers to the poems of the "Beginner's Collection", which can not only know the background and creative process of the poem, but also make corrections in the poetry text.
From the difference between the inkblot and the poem title of the "Beginner's Collection", the background of Qian's poetry can be explored. For example, the second paragraph of the inkblot is a seven-word ancient poem, the first signed "March 3rd Fulfillment of the Invitation to Zhongxue Junjun Rafting is twelve rhymes", and the poem of the "Beginner's Collection" is entitled "March 3rd Rafting is the Twelve Rhymes of the Matter", and it can be seen from the inkblot that the participants in the rafting are the author, the Luzhi, and the Zhongxue people, and the invitation collection by the Luzhi; the seven laws in the fourth paragraph of the inkblot, the first signature is "Cold Food Day in the King, Zhongxue, Monk, Shuwei, Zhongfan, and the Luzhi Generation Small Collection, is the beginning of the Day", and the poem of the "Beginner's Collection" is titled "Cold Food Day in the King, Zhongxue People Xiao Ji Jin Xuan", From the inkblot, it can be seen that in addition to Yu Wang and Zhongxue, there are also monks, Shuwei, Zhongfan, and Luzhi. And this small episode is the "initial social contract". From the "Beginner's Collection", it is known that the location of this small collection is in Jinxuan; the seventh law of the fifth paragraph of the inkblot is a poem, the first sign is "Snow Peach Blossom and Xue Yunqing", and the poem of "Beginner's Collection" is titled "Snow Peach Blossom Second Xue Shu Rhyme", from the inkblot can know that Xue Yunqing is the object of the gift, and "Xue Shu" refers to Xue Yunqing.
From the differences in ink and the text of the Beginner's Collection, we can glimpse the creation process of Qian's poems. For example, in the fifth paragraph of the Seven Laws, the first sentence of the ink is "Six Dynasties Breeze Brewing Flower Dynasty", and the "Beginner's Collection" is "Snowflake Breeze Brewing Flower Dynasty", which opens the sentence to capture the title and cuts directly to the title of "Snow Peach Blossom". The inkblot is obviously the first draft, and the Beginner's Collection is a revised draft.
Others, such as the opening sentence of the seven laws in the first paragraph of the inkblot, is "The spring light outside the garden takes the second luxury", the "Beginner's Collection" changes "Yuanwai" to "No Division", the second paragraph of the Five Ancient Poems "Arrogant to Go to The Horse Dispute" sentence, and the "Beginner's Collection" changes "Arrogant Hiss" to "Pan Hui". The sentence "Grass Cherishes Fang", "Beginner's Collection" changed "Grass" to "Willow Cutting". The seventh law of the fifth paragraph has "Chuanbai is more pitiful and cheeky, and the deception is red and does not put the powder wall to burn", and the "Beginner's Collection" changes "Chuan" to "Fu", changes "頩" to "頳", and changes "deception" to "欹". From these more appropriate revisions, it can be seen that the inkblot is the first draft, and the "Beginner's Collection" is the final draft after the revision.
From the differences in ink and the text of the Beginner's Collection, it is also possible to proofread and correct the text errors of the Beginner's Collection. For example, in the second paragraph of the Five Ancient Poems, the inkblot has a sentence as "Just pick the flowers and dance butterflies, pick the trees and listen to the warblers", while the "Beginner's Collection" writes "trees" as "right". Play poetically, "flower" and "tree" are opposed, "tree" should be positive, and "right" is wrong. Another example is the poem of the seventh law in the fifth paragraph, the last sentence "It is difficult to write for sketching, the Wang family still has a banana in the snow", and the "Beginner's Collection" will write "difficult" as "who", and it is obvious that "difficult" is "who" is wrong.
The characters involved in the inkblot poems can be roughly examined according to the "Character History" of the "Reconstruction of Chang Zhaohezhi". Zhongxue is Wei Huanchu, the character Zhongxue, Chang acquaintance. Ming Wanli Jinshi, former official Nanjing household chief, ceremonial member Wailang, official Langzhong, Guangdong Youshi, political and political reference. For the official Qingzheng. Joy is poetry, and yuan is white. Also fine drama. He is the author of the poetry collection "Four Mountains and Towers", the legendary drama "Eight Mile Record", and the "Seven Rivers Record".
Yu Wang is Xu Xizuo, a Yu Zuo, the word Yu Wang, Chang acquaintance. Shaanxi made Xu Shu hire the eldest son. He loves the poetry of the late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasties, and collects three thousand yuan poems, called "Love Qi Collection". Author of "Dream Rain AnThology".
The monk mi is Shao Mi, the word monk mi. In the seventh year of the Ming Dynasty (1627), Qian wrote "Gifting Lu Tomb Shao Shuo is the Father of Monk Mi" (see "Chu Xue Ji" Volume IV "Guitian Poetry Collection"), and Zhi Sang mi was a Suzhou Lu Tomb Man. Gong poems, Qian Shi in the first year of Chongzhen (1628) with him to the West Mountain to see the plum, compose poems and sing.
Shu Wei is Zhang Wei, the word Shu Wei, Chang acquaintance. Brother of Qian's best friend Zhang Ji. Famous for his paintings, he is good at blowing cave flutes, du nanqu, and also good at poetry. Most of the wanderers are in hangzhou's West Lake, because of the number Xiling entertainers.
Performing for money and humility, words for the sake of life, often acquaintances. Qian Qianyi's cousin. Orphaned and fond of learning, he was known to Yi Ling Yang Lian, read and sought zhi, opened the ancient hall to serve his mother, and traveled only Wei Chong and Feng Shu to discuss poetry and music. Good poetry, deeply rooted in Han, Du, Yuan, Bai poetry. Especially good at calligraphy. Author of "Unlearned Manuscript".
Others, such as Xiaotian, Zhongfan, and Xue Yunqing, failed to pass the test in their lives.
Qing Gao'an inscription "Portrait of Liu Ru" axis Color on paper Length 96 cm Width 30 cm
Gao Qi (1769-1839), zicai, shuangquan, a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang. He was a guest of Nguyen Yuan. Gong seal carving, good small kai. Exquisite painting, especially flowers and birds, grass insects, taking the Law song and Yuan, outlining and coloring, are all extremely exquisite.
The portraits all use white painting techniques to outline Liu's posture, with delicate lines, smooth strokes, and a bishaw look. In the painting, Liu Ru has long hair and heavy buns, bright eyes, plain clothes with wide sleeves, cage hands leaning against the round window, low eyebrows like contemplation, and dignified and quiet appearance. At the top of the canvas is Gao Que Jiaqing Gengwu (1810) inscribed "Hedong Jun's Tomb Jie" by Cha Yun, "Shuangquan" Zhu Wen FangYin, "Gao Qi Private Seal" White Text Fang Seal. In the lower left corner of the frame there is Yu Hongchi's inscription.
Qing Bi Chen painted willow ru ru Confucian costume small portrait album on paper color length 36 cm width 50.2 cm
Bi Chen, zi Zhongkai, trumpet idiot, Jiangsu Changshu people. Less to the name of the painting, especially the worker figures, ladies, the portrait of Hu Huanxi method.
This page is a opening in the "Qu Lu, Yang Xu and Other Red Bean Flower Picture Poems", it is said that the title of the book can know the reason for the creation of this set of albums: In the fourth year of Daoguang (1824), when the red bean trees in the red bean village bloomed, the first generation of owners of the Tieqin Bronze Sword Building, Qu Shaoji, Qu Yong father and son, invited their friends Yaji Hongdou Village. Folding a branch of red bean flowers, the painter Yang Xu was asked to paint a picture of red bean flowers, Qu Lu painted a small scene of red bean villages, and Bi Chen painted a small portrait of Liu Ru in Confucian clothes, with poems inscribed by Sun Yuanxiang, Huang Pilie, Yan Chaobiao, Jiang Yinpei and so on. The willow depicted in the picture is dressed in a Confucian costume and dressed as a man, which is very expressive.
(This article is based on the Changshu Museum Wentu synthesis)
Editor-in-Charge: Li Mei