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Introduction to the Book of Han, a classic of Traditional Chinese Studies, Lecture 95: Passed down by Du Zhou

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The Book of Han, also known as the Book of the Former Han Dynasty, compiled by Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, is one of the first chronicles of Chinese history, one of the "Twenty-Four Histories". The Book of Han is another important historical book in ancient China after the "Records of History", and is called the "First Four Histories" together with the "Records of History", "Book of Later Han" and "Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms". The book of Han mainly records the first year of Han Gaozu from the Western Han Dynasty to the fourth year of Wang Mangdi Emperor of the New Dynasty, a total of 230 years. The Book of Han includes twelve chapters of the Ji, eight chapters of the Table, ten chapters of the Zhi, and seventy chapters of the Transmission, a total of 100 articles, which are divided into 120 volumes and a total of 800,000 words. #历史 #

Introduction to the Book of Han, a classic of Traditional Chinese Studies, Lecture 95: Passed down by Du Zhou

After the changes of the eclipse and the earthquake, zhaoju xianliangfang was able to speak bluntly, and Marquis Liang of Heyang raised Qin. Chin Shang said: "Your Majesty fears the Mandate of Heaven, mourns the mutation, extends to the Secretary of State, and speaks out, and will seek the Heavenly Heart, and the traces will be lost." Chenqin is stupid and shallow, and he is not enough to serve the big right. Subjects hear of eclipses, earthquakes, and yang and yin sheng also. The subject, the yin of the king; the son, the yin of the father; the wife, the husband of the yin; the Yidi, the Chinese yin. "Spring and Autumn" eclipse thirty-six, earthquake five, or Yidi invasion of China, or the regime under the subordinates, or the women and husbands, or the courtiers back to the king' father, although the matter is different, its kind is also one. If the ministers steal and observe the personnel in order to examine the mutations, then the ministers of this dynasty are all self-assured, the relatives of foreign relatives have no obedient hearts, the princes of the Kanto have no powerful country, and the three barbarians have no rebellious knots; they are destroyed as harems. Why? The day is pentasitive. Time plus not. Penta, soil also. The Earther, nakanomiya nobu also. In the palace of the night earthquake, this concubine will be a patient who will be favored and harmed, but His Majesty will take deep precautions. The sense of change corresponds to the class, the personnel are lost at the bottom, and the change is seen at the top. If you can respond to virtue, you will die out of blame; if you can't respond to goodness, you will be defeated. Emperor Gaozong was ordained by the pheasant, and he was given the right thing to do, and he enjoyed a hundred years of life, and the revival of yin dao should be fulfilled in this way. What should be done is not sincere, and it is not believed. Song Jinggong, the ear of the princes of small countries, has the sincerity of not being able to transfer misfortunes, and the words of the king are three, and the confusion is retreated. With His Majesty's Holy Ming, pushing inwardly to the sincerity, deeply contemplating the changes of heaven, why should we not feel it? Why shake and not move? Confucius said, 'Ren is far from it! 'Only His Majesty is a concubine, a female favorite, a precaution against extravagance, a trip to you, a frugality, a pro-everything, a number of royal security cars, a meal from the yuandao, a meal in the second palace, and a province in the morning and evening. In this way, that is, Yao, Shun, and Bilong, how can the blame be destroyed? If you do not listen to the affairs of the people, regardless of their ability, and give the throne, if they give the wealth of the world to serve adultery, if they do not have the power of all the people, if they are close to the people who are obedient, if they are far away from the public, if they believe in the thieves, they will be loyal, and the virtuous will be lost in the caves, and the ministers will complain about not being able to do so, although there is no mutation, and the worries of the society are also. The world is the greatest, everything is the most important, the ancestral inheritance is the most important, and sincerity cannot be hesitated, and it cannot be extravagant. But His Majesty endures the desires of the unhelpful, and takes the life of the whole people. Chenqin was stupid and his words were not enough. Qixia summoned the outspoken soldiers to the White Tiger Hall countermeasures, and said, "How precious is the way of heaven and earth?" What is the law of kings? What is the meaning of the Six Classics? What happens first? What is the art of taking people? What is the rule of the world? Each is right. ”

After the changes of the eclipse and the earthquake, he ordered the selection of a wise man who could speak out and advise, and Marquis Liangfang of Heyang recommended Du Qin. Du Qin said to him: "Your Majesty is afraid of the Mandate of Heaven and of catastrophe, and he will introduce him to the Secretary of State and elect outspoken men, so that he will seek Providence and see where he is lost." Du Qin was stupid and shallow in his scriptures, not enough to answer the emperor's questions. The smell of solar eclipses and earthquakes is a sign of a faint yin. The subject is the yin side of the king; the son is the yin side of the father; the wife is the yin side of the husband; and Yi Di is the yin side of the Central Plains. The Spring and Autumn Chronicle records thirty-six eclipses of the sun and five earthquakes, or the intrusion of Yidi into the Central Plains, or the power of the subordinates, or the superiority of the woman over the husband, or the betrayal of the monarch by the courtiers. The ministers of the dynasty did not have restless and self-guarding people, the foreign relatives did not have greed, the Kwantung princes did not have a powerful country, and the remote peoples did not act against reason; the danger was in the harem. Why? When it is known that in Pengshen, the time is added. E is not soil. The earth is the ministry of the middle palace. The earthquake at night in weiyang palace shows that concubines and concubines will have a quarrel with each other, and I hope that Your Majesty will take a deep warning. Change induction is corresponding to the class, the person is in advance of the bottom, and the image of change is seen above. If it can be responded with virtue, then disaster will perish; if it cannot be responded to with good governance, disaster will come. When Emperor Gaozong of Yin encountered the accusations of the pheasant, he straightened out his conduct, straightened out political affairs, enjoyed a hundred years of life, and revived the Yin Dynasty, the key to being good at coping with catastrophes. If the correspondence is not sincere enough, it will not succeed, and it will not be practiced without faith. Song Jinggong was a prince of a small country, and he had a sincere heart that could not bear to pass on the disaster, and after repeated words from the king, the ying confused star retreated from his heart. With His Majesty's Holy Ming, pushing the heart of sincerity within, pondering the changes in heaven, what response does not touch the heavens? What can be shaken without moving? He said, "Man is so far away!" 'Look forward to His Majesty's concubines, suppress female pets, prevent extravagance from being too excessive, go on a leisure tour, be frugal personally, come to everything in person, take more royal security cars, walk from the road, ask the empress dowager about the diet of the two palaces, and do morning and evening greetings. In this way, even Yao and Shun are not enough to prosper, and the catastrophe is not eliminated! If you do not listen to the affairs of the people, regardless of their talents, they will be given official offices, they will do their best to serve adultery, they will do their best to indulge the pleasures of the eyes and ears, if they are close to the people and are serving the public from afar, if they believe in the ministers of thieves and are loyal, the wise men will live in seclusion in the caves, and the ministers will complain about not using them, although there is no mutation, it is also a worry of the community. The world is great, everything is supreme, and the ancestral inheritance is the most important, and it is really not allowed to engage in the pleasure of adultery, and it is not possible to insist on luxury enjoyment. May His Majesty endure unprofitable desires in order to preserve the lives of the people. Chen Duqin was stupid and his remarks were not adopted. In the summer, the Son of Heaven summoned outspoken men to the White Tiger Hall to take countermeasures and asked, "What is the most important thing about the Way of Heaven and Earth?" What about the Law of Kings? What is the meaning of the Six Classics? What comes first in human behavior? What is the art of employing people? What is the imperative of governing the country at that time? Each answers with a classic. ” 

Introduction to the Book of Han, a classic of Traditional Chinese Studies, Lecture 95: Passed down by Du Zhou

Chin said: "The subject hears the noble faith of the heavens, and the nobles of the earth; if you do not believe in the truth, all things are not born." Born, the place where heaven and earth are precious. The king inherits the birth of heaven and earth, and makes it rational, and the insects and plants cannot be found. The king of the law of heaven and earth, non-benevolence can not be widely given, non-righteousness can not be righteous; self-denial is righteousness, forgiveness and man, the Six Classics are also on the top. If you are not filial piety, you will be disloyal to the king, disrespectful to the officials, invincible, and unbelieving to your friends. Confucius said: "Filial piety has no end, and those who fail to suffer, they have not yet." 'Filial piety, the first place of the human heart.' Look at the original line in the township party, examine the function in the official position, look at what it does, look at what it gives, look at what it does not do, look at what it does not take, look at what it is mainly, and look at its master from a distance. Confucius said: 'Look at its cause, look at its cause, look at its safety, and people are thin?' 'The art of taking people also. Yin is due to Xia Shangqing, Zhou is due to Yin Shangwen, and now the Han family inherits Zhou and Qin Zhiyu, and it is advisable to suppress the quality of literature, abolish luxury and frugality, and remove the truth from the fake. Confucius said that "the evil purple snatches Zhu", and the business of the world is also governed. The courtiers are worried, but when they say it, they turn their hearts against each other, and if they do not say it, they grow up day by day, and they are not detailed for the sake of disaster, but the minister does not dare to abolish the tao and seek obedience, and violates loyalty and couples. If a subject is tireless in playing, he will have a good heart of hatred; if he is born of a good hatred, he will love a favor for one person; if he loves a pet and favors one person, the road to succession will not be wide, and the heart of jealousy will flourish. In this way, the saying of the woman is invincible. Only His Majesty is pure Depushi, and has no desire to obey, and this is what the congregation xian said, and the heirs are more and more extensive, and the sea is Chang'an. All things are right and wrong! "Qin was sick in the past, and gave him a resignation, and then he was a councillor, and he was relieved of his illness." Conquest of the Great General Mo Fu, state strategist, Feng Chang and Qin Zhizhi. Several famous scholars, such as Wang Jun, Wei Anshi, Wang Yanshi, etc., saved the sins of Feng Yewang, Wang Zun, and Hu Chang, and succeeded the meritorious heroes of the world, filled in the four Yi, and the good governance of the world, mostly out of the Qin. Seeing the feng dictatorship Tai Zhong, the precept of the precepts: "The former Zhou Gong had the most holy virtues, belonged to the relatives of his uncles, and became a king with unique insight, and did not believe in the rumors of listening, but Guan guan and Cai rumored and Zhou Gong was afraid." Marquis Of Huang, the uncle of King Zhao, weighted in Qin, Wei Zhen neighbor enemy, there is the love of Dan Mo Yanfu, the heart does not mind the interval, but Fan Ju started to hike, from a foreign country, no Yaxin, open a dynasty, and The Marquis of Huang is sealed. And the sight of the nearby Wu'an Hou retreated, and the traces of the three things were hundreds of years apart, and if they were in line with the festival, they must not be ignored. May the general be humbled by the Duke of Zhou, damage the prestige of hou, and let go of the desire for wu'an, so that Fan Ju's disciples will not be able to talk about it. ”

Du Qin replied, "The lord hears that faith is precious, and the truth is precious; unbelief is not right, and all things are not born." Life is precious to heaven and earth. The king bears the birth of heaven and earth, and is formed by the unity, and the insects, plants, and trees have their own place. If the king imitates heaven and earth, he cannot be generous without benevolence, and he cannot be righteous if he is not righteous; he restrains himself from obeying righteousness and introspecting his own will to reach others, which is what the Six Classics advocate. If you are not filial, you will not be loyal to the king, you will not be disrespectful to the officials, you will not be brave in battle, and your friends will not believe. Confucius said, "There is no such thing as carrying out filial piety throughout, and worrying that morality will not be attained." Filial piety is the first virtue that people show. Observe the original behavior in the hometown, assess the ability to do things in the official position, look at what people are recommended by the high-ranking people, what the rich people give, the poor people must look at what they do not do, the poor people must look at what they take, the close people must watch what their trustees do for themselves, and the estranged people must look at what they are entrusted to help others. Confucius said, 'Look at whom he uses, who he follows, and what he likes with peace of mind, and he will know his good and evil and hide nothing.' This is the art of knowing and employing people. The Yin Dynasty style advocated simplicity because of the attack on Xia, the Zhou dynasty advocated elegance because of the attack on Yin, and the shortcomings of the present Han family inheriting Zhou and Qin should limit the literary color and advocate simplicity, abandon luxury and advocate frugality, and commend honesty and remove hypocrisy. Confucius said, "Disgusting the evil colors of the purples and evil colors for usurping pure colors is the most important task of governing the country in the world." The subject thought that what he was worried about was that he would be offensive when he spoke it, and that if he did not speak out, the evil spirit would increase and it would be a great disaster, but the minister did not dare to abandon the tao and seek obedience, and it was contrary to loyalty and righteousness and conformed to selfish intentions. When a subject hears and plays tirelessly, he will have a heart of hatred; when a heart of hatred arises, his favor will be biased toward one person; if he loves a favor, the path of choosing a successor will be narrow, and a jealous heart will arise. In this way, the pleasure of a woman cannot be satisfied. I hope that His Majesty will give pure virtue and not indulge in what he wants, so that everyone will rejoice and choose the successor road el guang, and the sea is Chang'an. What a worry about right and wrong! "Du Qin fell ill because of the right policy, and was dismissed from office, and later he was dismissed from office because of illness. Conscripted into the shogunate of the Great General, Wang Feng often plotted with Du Qin. Many times praised the sages Wang Jun, Wei Anshi, Wang Yanshi, etc., to save Feng Yewang, Wang Zun, Hu Changzhi of their sins, and after continuing the world's meritorious deeds, they soothed the four border nationalities and the good governance of the world, mostly out of Du Qin's conspiracy. Seeing that Wang Feng's dictatorship was too heavy, he admonished: "In the past, Zhou Gong had great virtues in his body, and his subordinates had uncles and relatives, and the king had unique insight and did not believe in rumors, but Guan and Cai spread rumors and Zhou Gong was afraid. Hou Zhao was the uncle of King Zhao, the most powerful in the Qin kingdom, threatening neighbors, and had a love for King Zhao, who never had any different intentions, but Fan Ju was a commoner, from a foreign country, and had no mutual trust, and once he was appointed as a minister, he was sent back to the feudal state. In recent times, Wu'an Hou's request for fiefdom was repulsed, and the traces of the three events, which had been separated by hundreds of years, seemed to be very similar and could not be ignored. May the general be humble and respectful from the Duke of Zhou, undermine the prestige of Hou Hou, suppress wu'an's selfish desires, and prevent Fan Ju's disciples from succeeding. ”  

Introduction to the Book of Han, a classic of Traditional Chinese Studies, Lecture 95: Passed down by Du Zhou

It is the eclipse of the sun, the King of Jingzhao Yin sealed the matter to see, and the fruit said that the phoenix monopoly to cover the fault of the lord, it is advisable to abolish it and not use it, so as to respond to the change of heaven. So the Son of Heaven felt enlightened, summoned Zhang, discussed with him, and wanted to retire from the phoenix. Feng was very worried, and Qin ordered Feng shang to apologize for his sins, begging for bones, and wen pointed out that he was very sad. The empress dowager wept as if she did not eat. Shang Shao and pro-feng, but also can not bear to abolish, restore the phoenix to take its place. Feng was ashamed, said that he was sick, and wanted to retire. Qin Fu said: "The general mourned the auxiliary government for ten years, and the mutation was endless, so he begged for the skeleton, blamed himself, carved himself and blamed himself, sincerely moved the people, and foolishness was not sad." Although, it is a subordinate minister, who insists on the distinction between advancing and retreating, and the ear of the one who goes to the festival, the non-lord treats the general, and the non-general therefore reports to the lord. Although the Duke of Zhou was old, he was still in the Capital Division, and he did not leave Chengzhou, showing that he did not forget the royal family. Zhongshan's father and minister with a different surname, without relatives to Xuan, are sealed in Qi, sighing and forever cherishing, wandering all night, not bearing to go away, the general is on the Lord, the Lord is on the lord and the general! The husband wants the world's public security to mutate, there is no general, the Lord knows it, so he does not send help, and the book says, 'Don't trap me!' Only the general did not doubt himself about becoming a king for the rumors of the four kingdoms, so as to be loyal to himself. Feng Fu looked at things. Shang Ling Shangshu impeached Jing Zhao Yin Zhang, and Zhang died in prison. The language is in the "Later Biography of the Yuan Dynasty". When Zhang died, the multitudes were wronged to ridicule the imperial court. Qin wanted to save him, and said to Feng Yue: "Jing Zhao Yin Zhang's sitting is secret, and the officials see that Zhang Su is good at talking, thinking that he does not sit in an official position, and suspects that he has something to say to him when he sees the eclipse of the sun." If there is a crime in the order chapter, although it is trapped in the fa, the matter is not violent, and the master does not know it, and the situation is far away. I am afraid that the world does not know that Zhang is really guilty, and I think that I am sitting on words and doing things. If so, the origin of the dispute will be destroyed, and the virtue of forgiveness will be damaged. Qin Yu thought it was advisable to speak bluntly because of the chapters, and saw that Lang had done his best from the officials to show his chapters and add them to the front, so as to make it clear to the four sides, so that the whole world would know that the Lord was holy and did not sin by words. If so, the rumors will be dispelled and the doubts will be revealed. "Feng Bai did what he wanted. Chin's complement will be beautiful, all such also. You can't travel well, and you will die. The Chinzi and Kundi clans were up to 2,000 stones and ten people. Brother Qin slowed down and spared Tai Chang, and the Marquis of Yi was invited by the emperor, and when he became emperor, he was a son and heir. Karma has the ability to be elected, and it is too often to be reverted. A few words of gain and loss, not a matter of power and magnates, and the chancellor Zhai Fangjin and wei Wei Dingling Hou Chun yu long uneven. Later, he was also dismissed from office and restored to the rank of Lieutenant of Hangu Guandu. The Marquis of Hui Dingling was guilty, and when he was in the country, the eldest uncle Hongyang Hou Li and Ye Shu said: "Sincerely mourn the old sister's whiteness, go out with the formless son, and wish not to reuse the previous incidents to invade." "The Marquis of Dingling was released from the customs, and the crime recurred, and he went to Luoyang Prison. Xiang Shi searched for the Book of the Marquis of Hongyang, played the industry to listen to the invitation, disrespectful, and sat free of the country.

Soon, after another eclipse, King Jingzhao Yin wrote to wang zhang asking for a meeting, and sure enough, Wang Feng's monopoly on power deceived the monarch and should be abolished and used to cope with the change of heaven. So Tianzi realized, summoned Wang Zhang, and discussed with Wang Zhang, wanting to avoid Wang Feng. Wang Feng was very worried, and Du Qin ordered Wang Feng to write a letter of apology and beg to return to his hometown. The empress dowager sobbed and did not eat. The emperor was young and personally dependent on Wang Feng, but he could not bear to depose him, and let Wang Feng take the throne. Wang Feng was ashamed in his heart, weighed his serious illness, and wanted to retire immediately. Duchin also said: "The general has been assisting the government for ten years, and he has been constantly mutated, so he asks to return to his hometown, blames himself, blames himself, is sincere and moving, and no matter the fool or the wise, he is sad." Although he was reprimanded, Wang Zhang was a minister without roots, and He was in charge of the distinction between advance and retreat, and it was only a matter of taking it, not the Lord's will toward the general, nor the general's way of repaying the Lord. In the past, although the Duke of Zhou was old, he was still in the Capital Division, indicating that he did not leave Chengzhou and showed that he did not forget the heart of the royal family. Zhongshan's father's minister with a different surname, no relative to King Xuan, was sealed in Qi, still sighed and missed forever, wandering day and night, not to bear to go away, not to mention the general for the Lord, the Lord for the general! If you want the world's security to mutate, and there is no more than the general's strength, the Lord knows very well, so he hesitates, and the book says: 'Don't trap me!' It was about King Cheng not allowing The Duke of Zhou to leave. General Wang did not doubt himself because of rumors, and strengthened his loyalty. Wang Feng revived. The emperor ordered Shangshu to impeach Wang Zhang of Jingzhao Yin, and Wang Zhang died in Shao Prison. The matter is in the "Yuan Hou Biography". Wang Zhang was dead, and the people thought he had been wronged, so they ridiculed the court. Du Qin wanted to remedy his mistakes, and advised Wang Feng: "The violation of the law by King Zhang of Jingzhaoyin is very confidential, and the officials saw that Wang Zhangyi had always spoken well for the people, thinking that they would not break the law and dismiss the officials, and suspected that the eclipse was related to Wang Feng, so they went to Tianzi. If Wang Zhang has another internal crime, although the law is correct. If the matter is not revealed, no one in the Beijing Division knows, let alone the remote place. I am afraid that the world does not know that Wang Zhang is really guilty, but thinks that he has committed a crime because of his words and deeds. In this way, the real reason for the controversy is obscured, and the magnanimity of the holy virtue is undermined. Du Qin thought that he should make a blunt statement on the matter of Wang Zhang, and summoned Lang's subordinate officials to explain his intentions, plus the previous eclipse, in order to show his true intentions to the four parties, so that everyone in the world would know that the Lord was holy, and was not condemned according to his words. In this way, the rumors are dispelled and the doubts are self-explanatory. Wang Feng stated Du Qin's plan to the emperor. Du Qin made up for the things that helped the United States, and that was it. Du qinyouyou is not an official, and ends his life. Du Qinzi and his brothers were nearly ten people from the side branch to two thousand stones. Du Qin's brother Du Huan had previously spared Tai Chang and went to the court as a marquis to ask for peace, but died when he became emperor, and his son Du Ye succeeded to the marquis. Du Ye was talented, elected as an official in his capacity as a marquis, and served too often. Many times he wrote about the gains and losses of the government, did not serve the magnates, and had a long disagreement with Zhai Fangjin and Wei Wei Dingling Marquis Chun. Later, Du Ye was dismissed from office for breaking the law and was appointed as the governor of Hangu Guan. When Marquis Chun of Dingling was guilty and should return to the feudal state, his uncle Hou Li of Hongyang wrote a letter to Du Ye, saying: "It is really hurt that the old sister's white hair is drooping, and she goes out with her son, hoping not to bully Marquis Dingling with things that have been discordant in the past." "After Dingling Hou was released, the crimes he had committed recurred and he was imprisoned in Luoyang Prison. Xiang Shi found the letter of the Marquis of Hongyang, and Du Ye obeyed the request, violated the law, and sat down to be exempted from the feudal state. 

Introduction to the Book of Han, a classic of Traditional Chinese Studies, Lecture 95: Passed down by Du Zhou

In the spring, Fang Jinxue, the minister of qi, said in a letter: "Fang Jinben and the long deep knot, more commendable, long caught in great evil, alone do not sit, want to obstruct the previous past, do not hold the common example for His Majesty, and have no fear, but believe in its evil at the time, and repay the resentment." In the story, the great rebel friend sat on the dismissal of the official, and the one who did not return to the old county, who now sits on the elderly seat returns to the old county, has been deeper; the Hongyang Hou Li sits on the side of the country after being bribed by the long goods, not the great rebellion, and fang Jinfu is the general Zhu Bo, the giant deer Taishou Sun Hong, and the former Shaofu Chen Xian, all of whom are exempted from the official and return to the Xian Old County. The punishment was uneven, and at the end of Fang Jin's pen, everyone was confused, and they all said that Sun Hong did not fall in love with the Marquis of Hongyang. When Hongqian was a middle servant, Fang Jin was the imperial history doctor, and Helong could serve Yushi, and Hongfenglongqian was deceived, and it was not appropriate to enforce the law, and Fang Jin complained about Hong. When Fang Jin was jing zhaoyin, Chen Xian was the shaofu, and his majesty was also known as the senior brother of Jiuqing. Fang Jinsu and Si Zhishi Dan are kind, and the lack of Yushi Dafu makes Dan Xiangxian a traitor, please examine the case, and the pawn cannot get anything, and Fang Jinguo is self-reliant. For the sake of the chancellor, he immediately slandered, played the role of xian, and returned to the xian county because of the Marquis of Hongyang. Everyone says that the state hypocrites have too much power to enter. The case master Dan Xing was no different, and Guanglu Xun Xu Shang was sick and disabled, but he was attached to Fang Jin and tasted the honorable official. DanQian personally recommended Yizi Cheng Xiangshi to make the witches go down to the gods and seek blessings for the country, and he won several great profits. Fortunately, thanks to His Majesty Zhiming, the emissary Mao Moru was tested first, and he was killed by his adultery. If Dan knew and baizhi, this false sin was also committed; if he did not know it, it was the recitation of the scriptures to confuse Zuo Daoye: both of them were in the great punta, heavier than Zhu Bo, Sun Hong, and Chen Xian. Fang Jin did not raise a white in the end, specialized in Wei Fu, the Party was thick, excluded handsome, entrusted the communiqué to private, reckless and fearless, and wanted to smoke the world. The world is not looking forward to the wind, since the Shangshu close subjects are tongue-tied, flesh and blood relatives are not chestnut. Authoritarian Taisheng is not faithful, so the country is also safe. Now that Fang Fangjin died of illness, he did not show the world as a lieutenant, and repeatedly rewarded him with a thick burial, but His Majesty pondered the past deeply and abstained from coming to the present. ”

In the spring, when Fang Jin died, Du Ye wrote: "Fang Jinben and Chun Yuchang had a deep friendship, praised and recommended each other, Chun Yuchang committed a major crime, but Cheng Xiang was not implicated, if he wanted to prevent the disclosure of his previous mistakes, he did not apply the law of equality to His Majesty, and did not have a fearful heart, but from time to time continued to extend evil and repay the resentment formed by staring at his eyes." The system stipulates that if a friend who commits a crime because of a major rebellion is dismissed from office, he may not return to his hometown county. Today, because of Chun Yuchang's crimes and returning to his hometown, he was already seriously first-class; Wang Li, the Marquis of Hongyang, was sent back to the feudal state because his son was bribed by Chun Yuchang, which was not a major crime, and Fang Jin also played the role of Marquis Wang Li of Hongyang and the later general Zhu Bo, Julu Taishou Sun Hong, and Chen Xian of the former Shaofu as friends, all of whom were dismissed from office and sent Chen Xian back to their hometown. The punishment was so unfair that at the end of Fang Jin's pen, everyone was puzzled, saying that Sun Hong was not at peace with the Marquis of Hongyang. Sun Hong served as a zhongcheng (中丞), Fang Jin (方進) as a royal historian, and Long (尉遚) as a servant of the imperial history, and Sun Honglong had previously been deceived by envoys and was not suitable for law enforcement as a close attendant, and Fang Jin resented Sun Hong for this. When Fang Jin was appointed to Jing Zhaoyin, Chen Xian was appointed as the Shaofu and held a high position in the Ninth Qing, and His Majesty was clear. Fang Jin had always been friendly with Si Zhi Shi Dan, and at the time of the vacancy of The Imperial Shi Dafu, Shi Dan played Chen Xian's treacherous interests and requested a review, but he could not find out the problem, and Fang Jin did take the opportunity to get the position of Yu Shi Dafu. As a chancellor, he immediately slandered Chen Xian and dismissed Chen Xianguan, and because of the Marquis of Hongyang, he sent Chen Xian back to his hometown. Everyone said that the power granted by the state to Fang Jin was too great. In fact, Shi Dan did not have the ability, and Guanglu Xun Xu Shang was a disabled person with illness, and all of them were honored officials with Ah Fu Fangjin. Shi Dan had previously recommended that his fellow townspeople, Xiang Shi, could make the wizard descend to the gods and seek blessings for the country, hoping to obtain great profits. Fortunately, Thanks to His Majesty's insight, the emissary Mao Moru was tested in advance, and finally his adultery was discovered and he was executed. If Shi Dan knowingly recommends it, it is a crime of falsehood; to recommend it without knowing it is to deviate from the scriptures and be confused by the left path. Both committed the crime of head-killing, which was much more serious than the crimes committed by Zhu Bo, Sun Hong, and Chen Xian. Fang Jin never issued a report, specialized in Wei Fu, favored the henchmen, excluded handsome men, used the communiqué to privately, and wanted to poison the world. The world is full of hope and the wind, since the Shangshu close ministers are tongue-tied Du E1, flesh and blood relatives do not tremble. Authoritarianism is too heavy and unfaithful, and it will not stabilize the country. Now that Fang Fang died of a violent illness, instead of comforting the world, he rewarded him with a generous burial, and looked forward to His Majesty pondering the past to warn the future. ” 

Introduction to the Book of Han, a classic of Traditional Chinese Studies, Lecture 95: Passed down by Du Zhou

Huicheng Emperor collapsed, Emperor Wai took the throne, and Ye Fu wrote in a letter: "The Wang clan has a long reign, the courtiers of the dynasty are boneless, the princes of the clan are weak, and they are no different from the prisoners, and the party of the powerful officials from above the history of Zuoshi is a party of powerful subjects." Hou Gen of Quyang was formerly the Assistant Tory of the Three Dukes, and knowing that Zhao Zhaoyi had killed the crown prince, he did not play white, but instead competed with the Zhao clan, acting arbitrarily, and after suing Xu, he was not guilty, and he was punished with breaking the Xu clan and defeating the Yuan Emperor's foreign family. Nei was jealous of his brothers and sisters Hongyang Houli and Chun Yushi, both of whom were abandoned. The new blood master, the authoritarian is fearsome. Marquis Xue Xuan of Gaoyang had the name of not having an adoptive mother, and Zhang Yu, the Marquis of Anchang, was a traitor, confusing the imperial court and making emperor Xiandi slandered in the sea, especially not carelessly. His Majesty has taken the throne at the beginning of his reign, humble to the emperor, lonely and unique, Mo Ke can be based on the staff, the power of the emperor is easy to live, and it is intended to explore the soup. Yibin cut grace with righteousness and reassured the hearts of the people. Seeing that Zhu Bo is loyal and brave, and the material is slightly out of the world, the treasure of the country is also a treasure minister, and it is advisable to enlist Bo to put it around to fill the world. If this person is in the court, His Majesty may lie on his back. In the past, Lü Wanted to endanger the Liu clan, and Lai had Gaozu's widows Zhou Bo and Chen Ping still existing, but no, they laughed at the traitors. "Karma also said that it is advisable to set up a temple for King Gong to be a master of filial piety. At that time, Dong Hong, the Marquis of Gaochang, also said that It is advisable to honor Emperor Ding's mother, Ding Ding, the Empress Dowager. The Great Sikong Shi Dan and other impeachment Hong mistakenly did not go to the wrong way, sat down as a commoner, and returned to the book to sue Hong. What is said before and after refers to the implementation, and Zhu Boguo sees and uses it. Karma is a sign, and repetition is too often. In his spare years, he moved to the left as a party lieutenant. The meeting was too often elected to be untrue, and the industry was dismissed from office and restored to the country. Emperor Wai, Wang Mang Bingzheng, and all those who agreed to establish temple honorific titles in front of them were exempted and migrated to Hepu. Karma was deposed before, so he saw broad-mindedness, fear, illness and death. Princess Yingyi, the sister of Emperor Chushang of the Yecheng Emperor, the lord was childless, Xue, and the karma family wrote to ask for the return of the capital and the lord to be buried together, which was not allowed, and the marquis of the wilderness was given, and the son was passed on to the grandson. At the beginning, Emperor Wu of Duzhou migrated to Maoling Tombs, and then to Du Lingyun in Yannian. Zan yue: Zhang Tang, Du Zhou and Wen Mo Xiao Official, to the three dukes, listed in the cool official. And there are good sons, virtues and self-reliance, titles and honors, succession to the dynasty, xiang and Tiheng, as for Jianwu, Du Shijue is the only one, traces its Fuzuo, Yuan Gong Rulin after the can not be and also. Is it true that he claims to be of Tang Du Miao descent? And Qin Fu shen in the world, good plots, with the beginning of the establishment of the deep Chen female ring, and finally as he said, Shu almost "Guan Ju" of the view of the small, non-husband flashy and knowledgeable disciples can also regulate. Karma is resisted by the situation, called Zhu Bo, destroying Shi Dan, and the discussion of love and hatred is not to be feared!

When Emperor Cheng died and Emperor Wai ascended the throne, Du Ye wrote again: "The Wang clan has been in power for too long, and there are no direct ministers in the dynasty, the princes of the clan are weak, no different from prisoners, and all the officials from the history of Zuoshi to the highest officials are all henchmen of the powerful ministers." The Marquis of Quyang, Wang Genqian, was the assistant to the three dukes, and knowing that Zhao Zhaoyi had killed the crown prince, he did not immediately play the game, but instead formed a friend party with the Zhao clan, acted arbitrarily, framed Gu Xu, and committed illegal crimes, killing the Xu family and destroying the Yuan Emperor's foreign family. Nei was jealous of his half-brother, his sister Wang Li the Marquis of Hongyang and Chun Yu, all of whom were abandoned in old age. Recently, he has also been bloody, and his authority is fearsome. Marquis Xue Xuan of Gaoyang had the name of not adopting his mother, and Zhang Yu, the Marquis of Anchang, was the head of the adulterous invasion, confusing the imperial court, and letting the former emperor betray the name of resentment in Shanghai, especially not carelessly. His Majesty was on the throne at the beginning, he did not have time to be humble, he was lonely and unique, he did not have any assistance to rely on, and the power was replaced, just like testing boiling water with his hands. It is time to give grace with great righteousness and comfort the hearts of the people. The minister privately saw that Zhu Bo was loyal and brave, and he was only slightly rare in recent times, but he was actually a minister of the country's majestic treasures, and he was recruited to place Zhu Bo around him to calm the world. When this person is in the dynasty, His Majesty can sit back and relax. In the past, Zhu Lü wanted to endanger the Liu clan, and Lai Had Gaozu sent his ministers Zhou Bo and Chen Pingshang to be there, otherwise, he would almost be ridiculed by the traitors. Du Ye also said that a temple should be built for King Gong to show filial piety. At that time, Dong Hong, the Marquis of Gaochang, also said that Emperor Yingzun's mother Ding Ding was made empress dowager. The Great Sikong Shi Dan and others impeached Dong Hong for wrongdoing, so he was convicted and was exonerated as a Shuren, and Du Ye wrote to defend Dong Hong. Du Ye's words before and after were all in accordance with the will, so they were implemented, and Zhu Bo was indeed promoted and reused. Du Ye was thus conscripted and appointed as Tai Chang. For more than a year, he was demoted to the post of lieutenant of the shangdang. Du Yeren was too often elected untruthfully, so Du Ye was dismissed from office for committing a crime and returned to the feudal state. When Emperor Wai died and Wang Mang came to power, all those who had previously agreed to establish temple honorific titles were dismissed from office and moved to Hepu. Du Ye had previously been deposed, so he was lenient and did not ask him, but because of fear, he fell ill and died. Du Ye married the emperor's sister Princess Yingyi in the early years of Emperor Cheng, the princess had gone childless, Du Ye's family wrote to request that the coffin be returned to the capital and the princess to be buried, the imperial court did not allow it, and gave the title of Marquis of Huang, passing on the son to the grandson. At the beginning, Du Zhou moved to Maoling during the reign of Emperor Wu, and moved to Duling in Yannian. Zan Yue: Zhang Tang and Du Zhou were both from Wen Mo Xiao Official, and were promoted to the three dukes, listed as cool officials. However, they all have virtuous sons, moral integrity and ability are more than their fathers, the titles are honored, they inherit their fathers, and they are officials in the dynasty, and the two families are on a par with each other. When the Shu Han Dynasty established wu, the Du clan title was severed. After tracking down their good fortune, after the Founding Fathers and Ru Lin, no one could match them. Claiming to be a Miao descendant of the Tang Du clan in the Zhou Dynasty, is this the case? By the time Du Qin floated in the world, planned well and succeeded, and profoundly stated the female ring at the beginning of the founding, the facts finally confirmed his words, "Guan Ju" is almost subtle, not the kind of pompous and gorgeous and non-specialized people can peek. Du Ye took advantage of the danger of others to attack it, and even praised Zhu Bo and denigrated Shi Dan, how terrible was the idea of love and hatred!

Introduction to the Book of Han, a classic of Traditional Chinese Studies, Lecture 95: Passed down by Du Zhou