After introducing the "Deng Pai", Mr. Deng Sanmu began to turn his head to introduce the Yishan Sect, which actually omitted Zhao Zhiqian, because Mr. Zhao Zhiqian simply classified Zhao Zhiqian into the "Deng Pai" Indians, in fact, Zhao Zhiqian's historical position in the history of seal carving is much more important, we temporarily follow the order of "Seal Engraving", but we must remember in our hearts that a particularly important Indian who has passed here has not elaborated.
(Deng Sanmu's "Seal Engraving" Yishan School chapter)
As Mr. Deng said, it was Huang Shiling who sent the Kaiyi Mountain.
Huang Shiling (1849-1907), also known as Mu Fu and Mu Father, in his later years, he was nicknamed Yishan Ren (黟山人), Tired Sorcerer (Tired Sorcerer), and Tired Of You. In his youth, he was named Snail Seal Residence, and in middle age, he was once known as Yan Qingfen Room.
(Huang Mufu)
Huang Shiling Qing Daoguang was born in Huangshan Village, Yixian County, Anhui Province in the 29th year, so the name of the Yishan Sect is derived from huang Mufu's number and the founder is a native of Yixian County.
Mr. Deng introduced Huang Mufu's printing style is relatively simple:
Shi Cheng was between Wu and Zhao, and also the side branch of the Deng Sect. Bai Wenduo is sad, straight, even like Qin Xi, quite ancient, Zhu Wen took the power of the edict plate of quan coin text into the printing, drum knife straight in, sharp and forward, strong wrist strength, no difference for a while. Zi Shaomu was able to pass on his family's learning. Li Sangqi's senior brother also. Good at abiding by the teacher's law, the new ideas of the times, but the situation is in the south (the south is the south, and the area outside the ancient Wang Qi is divided into five services), which has not been widely spread.
It is said that his teacher is between Wu and Zhao, and the Wu here refers to Wu Rangzhi, not Wu Changshuo; Zhao of course refers to Zhao Zhiqian. In fact, his sword law Wu Rangzhi was more, while the chapter method and printing style were more Zhao Zhiqian. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that his teacher was between Wu Zhao and Wu Zhao.
Huang Mufu is a professional Indian, after he began to practice knife and learn to print from the age of eight or nine, most of the time he was self-sufficient in the seal, and he had a party seal, which can explain this problem very well:
(Huang Mufu and his "Last SkillEd Eater")
He said in the side paragraph: Ling Shao was disturbed, did not taste learning, was strong and humiliated, his family was poor and depressed, he could not afford to eat and clothe, he had been in the city for more than ten years, he was unemployed, the lake and the sea were drifting to zero, and he used the last skill to make ends meet. ......
That is to say, his early conditions for learning to print were very poor. Until 1882, when he was 34 years old, he moved to Guangzhou, he came into contact with higher-level scholars and literati, his printing style began to mature, and then in 1885 he obtained the opportunity to study at the country's highest academic institution - Beijing Guozijian, and in the next two years, his learning increased greatly, he obtained the guidance of famous masters, and saw a large number of ancient artifacts such as jinshi scripts and Qin and Han seals, and his eyes were wide open, so that his seal engraving obtained a large number of printing seal materials and printing form references. After that, he embarked on the broad road of "seeking India outside India" pioneered by Zhao Zhiqian.
That is, in the nearly 20 years from the age of 40 to 59, Huang Mufu's printing style has fully matured and moved towards the creation period.
He was very important during this period of study in Guozijian, and he was deeply aware of the importance of philology, and he once had a seal, and the printed text was:
(Huang Mufu: "We must follow the old texts and not wear chisels")
This sentence comes from the "Explanation of Words", which is his requirement for himself in calligraphy, that is, the printed text, and the orthography of each word has an accurate source, and it is never chiseled and attached, and it is never not sought to understand. He has a large number of prints, and in the side paragraph, it is mentioned that a certain word in the printed text comes from somewhere, that is, because of this (there are many examples of printing).
In fact, it is precisely because of this self-requirement that he has the temperament of a scholar, and it also makes him truly enter the ranks of seal carvers from a jianghu Indian.
Another important theoretical progress of Huang Mufu comes from Zhao Zhiqian, who fully conforms to Zhao Zhiqian's artistic stance (he mentions Zhao Zhiqian's printing theory more than once in the side paragraph), and then does not stick to the mottled appearance of bronze prints but seeks natural and healthy knife intentions, and does not stick to the Chinese seal model and extensively moves towards "seeking printing outside India". Like what:
(Huang Mufu: "Quarterly Long Years" and Side Paragraphs)
In the side paragraph of "Quarterly Long Years", it is said: "The Chinese seal is eroded, and the years are deep, and the Xizi's jaw is also its illness, so why hold it and work." He advocated cleanliness, and advocated learning the original appearance of the Han seal without erosion of time when studying the Han seal.
(Huang Mufu's smooth printing surface)
Huang Mufu's innovation in printing was the introduction of Jijin characters into seal engraving. As Huang Mufu's disciple Li Yinsang commented: "The study of the Sorrowful Nunnery (Zhao Zhiqian) is in Zhenshi, and the learning of Yishan is in Jijin; the merit of the Sorrowful Nunnery is below the Qin and Han Dynasties, and the merit of Yishan is more than three generations." Just as Zhao Zhiqian solved the problem of "printing" the Qin and Han tablets, the Quanzhao, and the Jingming scripts into printing, and Huang Mufu solved the problem of the "printing" of Zhong Dingwen, Zhao, Quan quanwen, currency, bronze mirror and other characters into Printing. Like what:
(Huang Mufu: "Forger")
In the side paragraph, it is said: "Filling in the secret is lagging, Xiao Shu is broken, and it takes three moments to get this, and it is inevitable that the disease of both will be avoided." Those who know should know the pain of the heart. It shows that Huang Mufu spent a lot of effort in the printing of Jijin characters.
Huang Mufu also has a point worth learning, that is, before engraving, he spent a lot of energy on the design of the printed manuscript, and he said in the "Guojun Longevity" side paragraph that "the seal is easy to dozens of papers, and the sword is immediate." "How laborious it is to carve a party seal and design dozens of printed manuscripts."
(Guojun longevity seal and side section)
To sum up: the study of the Yishan school can ignore the study of Huang Shaomu and Li Yinsang, because they do not have many creative things, and more energy should be invested in the study of Huang Mufu: 1. The printing style of the polished and pure is the main influence; 2, the ancient characters are printed into India. 3. When engraving the seal, put more energy on the careful design of the printed manuscript, rather than focusing all your energy on the knife method.
([Perusing "Seal Engraving"] No. 30, some of the pictures come from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author)