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Regarding the Korean War, everyone will think of Commander-in-Chief Peng Dehuai, in fact, during the period of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea, Chen Geng entered Korea three times.
However, the U.S. military's evaluation of this General Chen Geng is that he is not here to fight at all.
Why did the US military claim that Cheng Geng's entry into the DPRK was not a war at all? What was the purpose of Chen Geng's entry into the DPRK? Will his actions have an impact on the US War to Aid Korea?
Click to pay attention and walk into the story behind General Chen Geng's 3 visits to the DPRK.
The first time he entered the court
In fact, when the Korean War first broke out, Chen Geng was not in China, when he was in Vietnam to assist the Vietnamese army against the French, so in the early days of the war, Chen Geng was "absent".
However, although Chen Geng was in Vietnam, he was angry for a while when he learned that the United States dared to provoke us. After our party made the decision to invade the DPRK, Chen Geng always paid close attention to the changes in the DPRK, he knew how strong the US military's weapons and equipment were, and he also understood that the gap between us and the United States was too big, and he also always paid close attention to the changes in our army when he was in Vietnam.
In November 1950, the Vietnamese army had gained an advantage on the battlefield, and thinking that the situation of the next war had basically stabilized, Chen Geng could not wait to return to China. The reason why Chen Geng returned to China was not only because he missed the motherland, but also because he was relieved about the war of the volunteers in Korea.
After returning to China, Chen Geng took the initiative to invite Ying to go to the Korean battlefield, and in the face of Chen Geng's patriotic determination, the chairman also agreed to his request. Chen Geng returned to China from Vietnam on November 29, 1950, during which he sorted out and reported the situation in Vietnam, and after handling the affairs of Vietnam, he went to Shenyang non-stop to prepare for the relevant matters of entering the DPRK.
On January 23, 1951, Chen Geng successfully arrived in North Korea, and met Peng Dehuai, who was busy, the soldiers were nervous, and there was not much greeting after the two met, and it happened that Chen Geng caught up with the joint meeting held by the Chinese and North Korean armies, and Peng Dehuai invited Chen Geng, who had just arrived in North Korea, to attend the meeting.
This meeting will not only discuss the cooperation between the Chinese and North Korean armies, but also discuss the details of the various parties on the battlefield, including the response of the North Korean army, and the maneuvering between our army and the US military, etc., which is also an opportunity for Chen Geng to understand the specific situation on the battlefield as soon as possible.
At the meeting, Peng Dehuai made a report entitled "Summing Up the Three Campaigns and Future Tasks," which made Chen Genglai admire again and again, and even more so because of Peng Dehuai's performance and experience in the DPRK. After the meeting, Chen Geng decided to personally inspect the troops, and he conducted his own inspections of both the front line and the rear, and found that the army was well organized, and the troops under the command of Peng Dehuai were highly disciplined and had their own understanding of operations.
Chen Geng also understood that he could not command rashly, otherwise the combat effectiveness of the troops would be destroyed, so he focused his work on inspecting the terrain, after all, knowing the terrain well, which could enable the troops to take advantage of the terrain during combat and achieve twice the result with half the effort.
The so-called "favorable time and place" shows that the terrain and environment occupy an important position in the war.
However, just when Chen Geng was working seriously in North Korea, the battlefield in Vietnam changed, and Chen Geng, as a general who helped Vietnam, the battlefield in Vietnam changed, and he could only temporarily leave North Korea to deal with the affairs of Vietnam.
It didn't take long for Mr. Peng to report to Chairman Mao on the battlefield situation, and proposed to let Chen Geng enter the DPRK to fight and personally lead the three corps.
The first three battles of the Korean War were all commanded by MacArthur, and Mr. Peng and others had long figured out MacArthur's Xi, so they suffered a major defeat to the US army in the previous battles. Seeing that the situation on the battlefield was unfavorable to them, and MacArthur had lost the war many times, the United States changed the commander-in-chief of the United Nations forces to Ridgway, which means that our opponent suddenly changed.
Compared with the previous arrogant attitude of the United States towards us, after learning that MacArthur had been defeated by the Volunteers many times, Ridgway's attitude towards the Volunteers was obviously taken seriously.
He carefully analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the volunteers, and found that our logistics were actually insufficient, and basically we could only last for a week, so he set out from this to make our fourth campaign not go well. Although the U.S. military failed to win this time, the Volunteer Army did not achieve its strategic goal of pushing the U.S. military to the 37th parallel. Compared to the previous battles, the results this time were less than ideal.
In the face of the accident on the Korean battlefield, the chairman immediately appointed Chen Geng as the commander and political commissar of the Third Corps of the Volunteer Army, and asked him to personally lead the Third Corps to fight, but what he didn't expect was that something happened to Chen Geng's side before he entered the DPRK.
It turned out that after years of conquest and work in Vietnam, he had hardly rested over the years, which made Chen Geng, who was already in poor health, overworked and fell ill on the eve of going to Korea. Chen Geng suffered from traumatic arthritis of the joint, looking at the swollen calf, Chen Geng even struggled to stand up, not to mention commanding the battle, it was good not to drag everyone down in North Korea.
Chen Geng could only stay in Beijing to recuperate, and when the injury on his leg was slightly better, it was already August 1951, and this time he was determined to enter the DPRK.
Second Morning
In August 1951, after the leg injury improved slightly, Chen Geng was not in a hurry to come to the Korean battlefield.
After Chen Geng arrived at the garrison of the Third Corps in Dashuidong, he immediately began his own work, and it happened that the 108th Division of the 60th Army of the Third Corps was defeated in the recent war.
However, Chen Geng did not blame this unit, but inquired in detail about their damage and the specific situation on the battlefield, and then he held a meeting, at which he conducted a detailed analysis of the defeat of the 108th Division.
However, the heavy losses of the 108th Division also made Peng Dehuai angry, and Peng Dehuai held a meeting at the headquarters of the Volunteer Army, and the main leaders and commanders of each corps were present. At the meeting, the loss of the 108th Division was mentioned, and Peng Dehuai even criticized the commanders: "How did you fight the war like this?"
Peng Dehuai has always been straight-tempered, and he is directly criticized if his subordinates do not do a good job, and in the face of Peng Dehuai's criticism, the 60th Army Commander and even the cadres of the entire Third Corps did not dare to come out, for fear that a sentence would make Peng Dehuai unhappy.
The more Peng Dehuai spoke, the more angry he became: "This 108th Division was obviously able to break through, but it was ambushed and surrounded by the enemy, and the enemy had strong firepower during the day, so you couldn't break through, don't you know that you would wait until night? Night fighting is what we are good at, and the enemy's combat effectiveness has dropped significantly at night, so why did you fight like this at such a good opportunity?"
Seeing that Wei Jie, the commander of the 60th Army, lowered his head and did not speak, Peng Dehuai was even more angry, and asked him directly: "How did you become the commander? That's a division!"
The meeting was quiet, everyone didn't even dare to come out of the atmosphere, others didn't dare to touch Mr. Peng's "moldy head" at this time, but Chen Geng was not afraid, General Chen Geng was famous for his high emotional intelligence, and he had a very good personal relationship with Mr. Peng, so he stood up and touched his stomach silently, and said: "Mr. Peng, my stomach is growling, and everyone should eat." ”
Hearing this, Mr. Peng glanced at Chen Geng, and Chen Geng continued: "I see that everyone is hungry, or if you don't eat first, you will have the strength to continue to teach them a lesson when you are full." ”
As the saying goes, "Reach out and don't hit a smiling person", although Peng Dehuai was full of anger, but looking at Chen Geng's smiling appearance, he couldn't say anything. With Chen Geng's move, the atmosphere at the meeting was finally alleviated, and Mr. Peng acquiesced to Chen Geng's proposal to eat.
The turmoil at this meeting has only passed, but such a big lesson of the 108th Division is not a trivial matter, and those who should be held responsible still need to be held responsible, and the lessons that should be learned still have to be learned.
Afterwards, the cadres related to the 108th Division wrote a review and made a profound review of this mistake.
Of course, Chen Geng did not go to North Korea to solve the problem of the 108th Division, but to observe on the battlefield, Mr. Peng was busy on the battlefield all day long, and he had to be responsible for the affairs of the entire Korean battlefield.
When observing the front-line operations, Chen Geng really found several problems, although our army took the initiative to attack, but our logistics supplies could not keep up, and if it was a long-distance pursuit, it was easy to be counterattacked by the US army.
We went head-on to the battlefield with a 1-2 or 1-3 result, which seemed okay, but the American guns were so powerful that we were likely to be passive in the pursuit and attacked by their weapons.
Mr. Peng didn't notice these problems, but he didn't think of a better way to deal with them for a while. When Chen Geng and Peng Dehuai talked about this matter, they also sighed again and again.
Regarding this problem, Chen Geng also thought of a way, that is, to use cat ear holes or trenches, this method Peng Dehuai also used, but the effect was not ideal. These methods did reduce casualties to some extent, but soldiers could not get into positions as soon as the shelling ended, and problems could arise later.
Chen Geng thought for a while and said: "These two methods are not effective alone, so you can combine the two, such as using underground tunnels and combining these two methods, which will overcome the problem." ”
Mr. Peng suddenly realized when he heard this, and then called several cadres to discuss Chen Geng's plan, and everyone thought that the plan could be implemented. Since the plan was proposed by Chen Geng, he was also familiar with the tunnel war, so Mr. Peng gave him this task.
Chen Geng's project began in September 1951, and he was going to "do a big job", but something happened in China, and he had to temporarily give up the North Korean affair and return to China, which was delayed for several months, and Chen Geng did not enter the DPRK again until 1952.
The third time he entered the court
In 1952, this was Chen Geng's third entry into North Korea, because Peng Dehuai worked too hard in North Korea and had serious physical problems, so he could only return to China to recuperate, so the central government sent Chen Geng to replace Peng Dehuai.
After entering the DPRK, Chen Geng hurriedly convened a meeting of all army commanders to promote tunnels throughout the army.
Chen Geng began to organize the tunnel fortifications of the volunteer army last year, and after entering the DPRK, the fortifications were pretended to be improved and strengthened, Chen Geng led the troops to dig a complete tunnel system on a front of more than 200 miles, which not only included the tunnels for European soldiers, but also toilets, warehouses, restaurants, etc., and even a small hall for political education.
In our tunnel fortifications, the artillery and aircraft of the US army could not play a role in us at all, and these tunnels were connected one by one, and by the end of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the large and small tunnels of the volunteers added up to 1,290 kilometers.
The US military is well aware that the equipment of the volunteers is inferior to theirs, so it often adopts the method of wanton and indiscriminate bombing of the volunteers, but our tunnel tactics have played a great role in the indiscriminate bombing of the US army.
Li Qiwei was ready to launch the final "summer offensive" against our army, but what he didn't expect was that those planes and artillery did not cause us any damage at all, and the two sides were still in a state of confrontation.
This time is just a small victory in tunnel tactics, to say the most powerful one, that is, the battle of Shangganling, in this war the US army frantically threw ammunition at our party, the most exaggerated reached 42 shells per square meter, our tunnel fortifications simply resisted these damage.
During the Sino-US war, Li Qiwei knew that our army was short of supplies, basically only about a week, so he took advantage of the weakness of our army in the early stage of the war and made us suffer. After the tunnel fortifications were built, Li Qiwei repeated his old tricks, but we already had a way to deal with it.
When we were building the tunnel, we had already built a warehouse in it to store supplies, and this trick of Ridgway was also broken by us. When the U.S. military found that when they bombed, there was no sign of our army on the ground, but there was a sudden emergence during the battle, and many times they did not know where the volunteers came from, so there was a saying in the U.S. military, that is, "the volunteers will be invisible."
It was not until after a war that our army had to temporarily abandon a section of the tunnel according to the order, and Li Qiwei personally went to the scene to inspect the secrets of our army.
After learning that these tactics were from Chen Geng's hands, he couldn't help but sigh: "He didn't come to fight at all, but to build the underground Great Wall." ”
During the war years, although our hard power was not comparable to that of the enemy, no matter who the country was, would never admit defeat to China's aggressors, and if our hard power did not work, we tried our best to break through from other angles.
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