In history, it is not uncommon for loving couples to be sincere and affectionate, such as Liang Hong and Meng Guang, who "raised their eyebrows together" in the Eastern Han Dynasty, such as Su Shi and Wang Fu of the Song Dynasty, who "lived and died in ten years", such as Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng of the Song Dynasty who "gambled on the aroma of tea spilled", such as Naran And Lu Shi of the Qing Dynasty who "once in a lifetime and a couple"... If Cao Xueqin's "Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu" are fictional characters, today I will introduce you to a realistic version of "Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu".
Who are they? They were Jiang Tan and Guan Qiufu of the Qing Dynasty.
Jiang Tan, zi pingbo, trumpet Qiqing, Zhejiang QiantangJiang, Xiucai during the Daoguang years of the Qing Dynasty, good at calligraphy, the book "Autumn Lantern Trivia" records Jiang Tan's trivial and beautiful memories of recalling his wife under the autumn lantern.
Qiu Fu, surnamed Guan Mingying, was a talented daughter of Qiantang Jiang during the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, and also a cousin of Jiang Tan, who later became Jiang Tan's wife, and was called "the most lovely woman in ancient Chinese literature" by Lin Yutang.
The couple is very interesting, although they are very poor, but they know how to live. For example, when autumn came, they did not learn from those who were still immersed in their own prosperity and profit, but deliberately went to enjoy the flowers, folded the osmanthus flowers, planted the flowers on the car, and then drove the whole city to spread the fragrance of the osmanthus flowers. Guan Qiufu is also a very kind person, for example, after a storm, she will worry about whether the chicks in the trees in the yard will be blown down by the wind, and then go back to the yard to check... Jiang Tan loved his wife very much, but unfortunately Guan Qiufu died young and early, and Jiang Tan was also very sad, and recorded the good memories between them in "Autumn Light Trivia". Not long after his wife's death, it may also be the reason for missing his wife, and it was not long before Jiang Tan also passed away.
The most widely circulated and famous story about Jiang Tan and his wife Guan Qiufu is the "Banana Leaf Inscription Poem":
One rainy day, Jiang Tan was idle, listening to the sound of the rain hitting the plantain outside the window, his mood was a little lonely, so he inscribed two poems on the banana leaves: "Whoever plants the banana in many ways, early and Xiaoxiao, late also Xiaoxiao!" The next morning, when the rain stopped, Jiang Tan went for a walk in the garden, and suddenly found that next to his inscription on the banana leaf was two lines of Juanxiu's handwriting written by his wife: "It is Jun's mood that is too boring, planting plantains, and complaining about bashos!" ”
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The traditional banana imagery in ancient poetry is mostly used to express loneliness, loneliness, or parting from sorrow or thinking of each other in two places. Because of the characteristics of the plantain's "big branches and fat leaves", so there is an expression of "banana leaf inscription poem", and because of the "big branches and fat leaves" of the plantain, the raindrops will have a sound of asphalt and xiaoxiao on it, such as crying like a swallow, so the poet often expresses sorrow and bitterness through "rain hitting the plantain". Therefore, "banana leaf inscription poem" and "rain hit basho" together constitute two types of bananas in the literati, in life, in thinking, in the management of life basically will occur.
【"Banana Leaf Inscription Poem"】
"Banana leaf inscription poem" is a very popular and elegant thing for the literati inkers, and the people who can "banana inscription poems" are definitely not the generations of the camp, most of them are also people with a quiet state of mind, only this kind of "hermit" can fully appreciate the beauty brought by the surrounding scenery, and can have an emotional communication and artistic exchange with the surrounding scenery.
Poems related to the "Banana Leaf Inscription Poem":
Tang Dynasty Cen Shan", "Dong gui liu title too often Xu Qing Caotang" (excerpt) "The river bird flies into the curtain, and the mountain cloud comes to the bed." Inscription poem plantain slippery, fragrant on wine palm flowers. ”
In the middle and late Tang Wei Yingwu "Idle Residence and Sending Brothers" "When the autumn grass is born in the garden, the brothers in the old garden are beneficial to each other." There is nothing to do with the high fasting every day, and the banana leaf is inscribed with a poem. ”
Dou Gong of the Tang Dynasty, "The Seeker's Hidden Encounter" (a work in the Crane Poem) "The trickle of water outside the fence, the hibiscus flowers half a sunset harvest." If you want to know the name of the interview, I am afraid that the plantain is not autumn. ”
In the Tang Dynasty, Li Yi's "Letters sent occasionally" "There is nothing to send the heart to the wicker, and the idle books are full of bananas." If there is an East Stream letter in the township pass, it will be sent to Yangzhou near the Yiqiao. ”
Late Tang Dynasty Kyaukran "Gifting the Rong Shangren" "often love Xilin Temple, when the moon rises in the pool." A leaf of a plantain, a book to send to my teacher. ”
Late Tang Qiji's "Qiu Xing Zhi Yin Gong" "The wind blows bamboo Jian, and the cool air is light. Whoever has the leisure to go, watch the water line by the river. The village is far away from the mangrove trees, and the wild white smoke is flat. Try to crack the banana piece, and ask Zhu Qing with a poem. ”
Late Tang Dynasty Sikong Tu "Crazy Title Eighteen Songs of Its Ten" "Rain wash banana leaves on the poem, come alone by the sill evening sunshine." Although the old garden hates the wind and the lotus, the new sentences are also full of idle questions. ”
Late Tang Dynasty Sikong Tu "Crazy Title Eighteen Songs and Twelve", "Although I hated the loss of green felt when I came, I saw dozens of bananas. It should be Ah Liu who repays the debt, and the remaining struggles to think of folding the money. ”
Late Tang Yanqian's "Wenying Demao First Leave Tangxi" "Sunset Reed Flower Rain, Pedestrian Valley Tree Village." Ask for directions when you are on the green mountain, and the red leaves know the door. Alfalfa is poor poetry, and basho is drunk with ink marks. Duan Zhi abandoned the city, and was frequently warmed by Xi Xu. ”
Song Dynasty He Zhu "Nan Gezi ShuYu Pond See" "Shu Yu Pond See, Breeze Sleeve Know." Yin Yin Summer Wood Yellow Oriole, where flying egrets move upright. Easy to get drunk and drink, it is difficult to meet the opponent's chess. The length of the day is suitable for sleeping, and the self-inscribed poem on the banana leaf is slept. ”
【"Rain Hit Basho" chapter】
"Rain hits the plantain" is like "the sound of xiaoxiao in the ear and the melodious sound in the heart converge on the plantain at the same time", and they grow and respond to each other. Generally speaking, the more prominent life mood of basho is "the sound of rain hitting basho and Xiao Xiao", which is not only an auditory enjoyment, but also promotes each other with the susceptibility and amorousness of the literati, thus being given the meaning of a person's state of mind. These can be seen in the poetry of the literati.
Bai Juyi's "Night Rain" of the Tang Dynasty "the early clam cries and rests, and the residual lamp is extinguished and bright." The window knows the night rain, and the plantains have a sound first. ”
In the Tang Dynasty, Xu Ning's "Su Xian Shangren Room" "Floating and uncertain, the real monks under the forest occasionally see tricks." After waking up, I realized that my body was a dream, and I smelled cold raindrops and plantains. ”
Tang Dynasty Du Mu "Basho" "Basho for the rain to move, so planted in front of the window." Pity the sound of the canal dripping, leaving the dream of homecoming. The dream is far away from home, and I feel that it is turned upside down. ”
Tang Dynasty Du Mu's "Eighty-Six Sons • Cave Room Deep" (excerpt) "Listen to the night rain and cold drops of plantains, break the red window good dreams, dragon smoke fine fluttering embroidery." ”
Tang Dynasty Wang Zun "YongJiu Two Songs and Two" "Everything is sold to a cup, and the bamboo door is dumb (ya) for the wind to open." Autumn supper sleeps enough banana rain, and it is the rivers and lakes that fall asleep again. ”
Tang Dynasty Pi Rixiu's "Two Songs of Mandarin Ducks" (excerpt) "Smoke thick together blows banana rain, and the waves are thin and double travel to the wind." ”
Zheng Gu of the Tang Dynasty", "Shu Zhongyu Stops Summer Self-Yi" "Shows the lonely pillow, the wind and the letter are lonely." dì dōng (dì dōng) in the rising river, and plantains in torrential rains. ”
Five Generations Li Yu "Sauvignon Blanc Yun Yi Miao" "Yun Yi Yi Wei (wō), jade one shuttle, Tang Shu shirt thin Luo." Light double snail. There are many autumn winds, rain and rain, and three or two bananas outside the curtain. What about the night long man? ”
Five generations of lyricist Gu Wei (that is, the author of the famous "change my heart for your heart, the first to know each other's memories") of the "Willow Branch Autumn Night Fragrant Girl's Thoughts Lonely" "Autumn Night Fragrant Girl's Thoughts Are Lonely, Leaky." The mandarin drapery is sold, and the candlelight is shaken. Zheng Yi Yu lang wandered away, nowhere to be found. More smell of rain outside the curtain, dripping plantains. ”
Ouyang Xiu of the Song Dynasty "Sheng Cha Zi Mimosa Whole Cui Beard" "Mimosa Whole Cui Mane (huán), proud of each other. Thirteen strings of goose pillars, one by one spring warbler language. Jiaoyun is easy to fly, where do dreams know?
Deep courtyard lock dusk, gusts of banana rain. ”
Song Dynasty Huang Tingjian's "Autumn Huai Two Songs one" "Autumn yin fine press Maotang, yin worm chirp (jiū) chirp last night cold." Rain opens plantains new and old, and the wind shakes the palace of yún dāng. The sound of anvil (zhēn) has become unstoppable, and the eaves are both short and difficult to long. The fox fur broke the cracks and abandoned the corners of the wall, and it was too old to be frosted. ”
Song Dynasty Chao Supplement "Huan Xi Sha Jiang Shang Qiu Gao Feng Fu" "Jiang Shang Qiu Gao Feng Fu." The sound of the river is constantly howling. Don't pass on the soul to the king. A sleepless night in the ears of lonely guests, ears of sorrow to listen to the rain XiaoXiao. There are plantains outside the blue screen window. ”
Song Dynasty Wan Qian Yong "Sauvignon Blanc Rain" "one sound, one more." The lights in the banana window outside the window are infinite at this time. Dreams are hard to come true, and hate is hard to reconcile. People who don't like to hear it don't like to hear it, and the empty steps drip to the light. ”
Song Dynasty Li Qingzhao "Tim Zi Ugly Slave Who Plants Banana Trees in Front of the Window" "Who plants banana trees in front of the window, the yin is full of atrium." Yin is full of atrium, leaf leaves are hearted, and shu rolls have more than clear. Sad pillow on three more rain, dripping (lín) 霪 (yín). Little by little, I am saddened by the northerners, and I am not used to getting up and listening. ”
Song Dynasty LuYou "Qiu Xing" "Penghaomen Lane is absolutely passed, who will meet with the song at night?" The crickets know that autumn is early, and the plantains are getting a lot of rain. Heirloom legacy rich, cynical drunken face. Will it be a fool or not? No detractory of heaven and earth. ”
Wu Wenying of the Song Dynasty "Yong Yu Le Yi Wei Mid-Autumn Wind and Rain" "The wind blows the dust emblem, the rain invades the cool bed, and only then does it move autumn thoughts." Slow wine sales more, move the lights to the shadows, clean wash the banana ears. Tonghua canghai, melancholy haze, Yanbei Yannan tianwai. Counting the clouds and sunny, it seems to be several times, and the old people of Weicheng have left the meeting. In the old days of the Qinglou, the song was drunk, and the jade people were summoned to freshen up. The red leaves are streamers, the apple blossoms are two sideburns, and the heart is into autumn water. White condensation is faint, incense blows light embers, leaning on the window vial of laurel. Ask shen gong, jiao'e is here, jealous of the cloud first few. ”
Song Dynasty Wu Wenying's "Good Thing Near The Cui Leng Stone Bed" "Cui Leng Stone Bed Cloud, Stealing New Songs at Sea." Bullets into a canopy of wind and rain, broken plantains cold green. The ice fountain gently pours out the green tube incense, and the forest fruit recommends carnelian. ”
Early is a minute of autumn, to the window to repair bamboo. (The speaker heard someone play a brand-new piano song in the monk's room that was simply secretly circulated from the overseas Immortal Mountains.) The sound of the song makes one feel as if there are green clouds floating over the cold rocks on the mountain; it is as if one is listening to the sound of the wind and rain outside the eaves breaking the emerald banana leaves. ）
Song Dynasty Wang Yisun 'Sweeping Flowers And Autumn Sounds》 "Shang Soared, gradually heard the first smell, Xiao Xiao still lived." Don't be tired of traveling. The back of the green lamp hanging shadow, groaning and sorrowful. Intermittently, without evidence, try to set up a desert court to listen. Where? But the leaves are full of leaves, and only the tall trees are tall. Recursive dream blocking. It is hard to help but be old and sick. Ancient Mountain Courtyard. Think of Bian Hong lonely, masonry whispering. Count the points and phases (hè), and more banana drizzle. Avoid nowhere. This idleness is especially bitter in the middle of the night. ”
Song Dynasty Liu Chenweng "Bodhisattva Man Banana Leaf On Three More Rains" Three more rains on banana leaves, life is only with him. It is not the end of the world, and the end of the world is also home. Ping Shan is stacked three or five times, and butterflies fly everywhere. It is Jukan who can see, and the east fence is cold alone.
Yuan Dynasty Zhang Kejiu's "Qingjiang Yin Qiu Huai" "Xifeng Xin came to the home and asked me if I had returned to the house?" The geese cry in the red leaves, the people are drunk on the yellow flowers, and the banana rain sounds in autumn dreams. ”
Yuan Dynasty Xu Zaisi "Double Tones , Narcissus , Night Rain " A sound of sycamore leaves and a sound of autumn, a little banana and a little sorrow, three more return to the dream of three more after." Falling lights and flowers, chess has not been collected, sigh Xinfeng orphaned people stay. Ten years on the pillow, Jiangnan's two old worries, all to the heart. ”
【Others】
In addition to the "basho inscription poem" and "rain hit the plantain", "basho" is used to express loneliness, loneliness, or parting from sorrow and other related poems.
Zhang of the Tang Dynasty said that "Drama Title Grass And Trees" suddenly startled the pomegranate tree and crossed the river from afar. Teasing the banana leaf, He was worried. Slight frost blows the palace laurel, and the miserable blow sweeps away the garden locust. Rongsheng is even more so, ashamed of the king's unique sorrow.
In the Tang Dynasty, yu Hu 's "Ballad of the Ba Nü" ba nü rode a cow to sing bamboo branches, and when the lotus silk lingye was facing the river. Don't worry about the sunset and return the family mistake, remember the plantain out of the hibiscus fence.
Tang Dynasty Han Yu "Mountain Stone" (excerpt) Mountain Stone (luò) is indeed a small act, dusk to the temple bat flying. Ascension hall sits on the steps of new rain feet, banana leaves large gardenia fat.
Tang Dynasty Bai Juyi's "Wing Chrysanthemum" was frosted overnight with light tiles, and basho was newly folded and defeated. Hardy only the east hedge chrysanthemum, the golden millet at the beginning of the dawn is clearer.
Tang Dynasty Li Shangyin's "Substitute Gift of Two Songs", upstairs, dusk desire rest, jade ladder across the moon in the middle of the hook. Basho does not show the lilac knot, and the same spring wind is worried.
The fifth generation of Ouyang Jiong's "Nanxiangzi Painting Ship (gě) Stop" painting ship stops the radius, and the bamboo bridge outside the hibiscus hedge is crossed. Water swimmer sand woman. Looking back, laughing fingers live in the banana forest.
Song Dynasty He Zhu "Shizhou Introduction , Thin Rain First Cold" Thin rain first cold, oblique illumination of the sun, spring is empty. The willow color of the long pavilion is only yellow, and the distant guest folds first. Smoke crosses the water, reflecting a few points of return to the crow, and the east wind sells out the longsha snow. Remember the pass, just in time. Will be sent. Painting lou fang wine, red tears and singing, suddenly into a light farewell. It has been many years, and the sound and dust are endless. To know the square inch, there are a few worries, basho does not show the lilac knot. Looking at the end of the world in vain, the two are tired of the wind and the moon.
Song Dynasty Chen Ke "Bodhisattva Man Green Wu Wall Around the Moss Courtyard" Green Wu Wall around the Moss Courtyard, Atrium Sun Light Banana Roll. Butterflies fly up the stairs, and the curtain hangs freely. Jade hook bilingual swallow, Bao Yong (zhòu) Yang Hua Zhuan. A few dustpans, green windows spring sleep light.
Song Dynasty Zhu Dunru "Bodhisattva Man Banana Leaf on the Autumn Wind Bi" Banana Leaf on the Autumn Wind Blue, late rain tassel wet. The new wood is shen, and the incense is deep. No one is with the same night, or sad memories. Remembering the past knots with one heart, where to find the Mandarin duck.
Song Dynasty Yang Wanli "Idle Early Summer Nap" plum left sour soft teeth, plantain green and window screen. Day long sleeps up and thinks ruthlessly, idly watching children catch willow flowers.
Song Dynasty Lü Weilao "Bo Xing Qinglou Spring Festival Gala" Qinglou Spring Festival Gala. The day is silent, combed and lazy. At first hearing, the crows and warblers (lòng) arouse new worries infinitely. Remember the new year, sneak the spring heart, and see each other in the fog. Benjiao pillow inscription poem, Baochao (shì) wine, drunk moss deep courtyard. How to forget, under the cloister, hand in hand, flowers and moons are full. Now but twilight rain, bees are sad and butterfly hate, small windows idle on the banana exhibition. But who is in charge. Speechless, idle Qin Zheng, tears jagged geese. The waist branch is getting smaller and smaller, and the heart is far away from Yang Hua.
Song Dynasty Shi Xiaoyou 's "Eyes Charming, Sorrowful Clouds Light Rain Xiao Xiao Xiao" Sorrowful Clouds Light Rain Xiao Xiao Xiao, Twilight Restoration Dynasty. Don't come should be, the eyebrow peak is reduced, and the wrist jade incense is sold. Xiao Xuan sat alone in the acacia place, and his mood was so boring. A clump of grass, a few poles of bamboo, a few leaves of plantains.
Song Dynasty Zhao Changqing's "Butterfly Love Flower , A Dream Ten Years of Labor Memories" A dream of ten years of labor memories. Sheyan Binhong, how easy it is to come and go. Take a nap when you are half awake. Plantain leaves reflect the screen window green. Lining the pink clay book double ligature. The Phoenix Mandarin Duck is always double-minded. It has been used as a long-term plan for blowing pipes. There are tears in the air.
Song Dynasty Wu Wenying's "Tang Duoling Where to Synthesize Sorrow" Where to Synthesize Sorrow? Autumn from the heart. Even if it is plantained, it will not rain. The weather is cool at night; there is a bright moon, and I am afraid of going upstairs.
Rest in the dream of the year, empty smoke and water. Yan resigned, and the guest remained. Weeping willows do not linger in nepotism, long is, tied to the boat.
Song Dynasty Wu Wenying's "Appeal to Heartfelt Feelings, Autumn Love" carries rain over the river gulls. Water-colored Tingzhou. Xiao Lianyu was miserable and red, and Cui was again through autumn. Cool meaning, to the South Building. Small curtain hook. Half window lights halo, a few leaves of plantains, guest dream bedside.
Song Dynasty Jiang Jie's "A Cut of Plum Boat Across the Wu River" is a spring sorrow waiting for wine to be poured. The boat on the river is shaking, and the curtain is moving upstairs. Qiu Niang ferry and Tai Niang Bridge, the wind is fluttering, the rain is xiao Xiao. When will I return home to wash my robes? Silver characters are phonological, and heart characters are incense burning. Streamers are easy to throw people away, red cherries, green plantains.
In the Ming Dynasty, Liu Ji's "Thousand Autumn Years of Light Smoke Pingchu" light smoke pingchu, and sent Wang Sun to go. The flowers had tears, and the warblers were speechless. One inch of banana heart, a thousand strands of willow silk. Tonight's rain will surely turn into an acacia tree.
Reminiscing about the past, touching the ancients. Good meeting place, what do you know? 100 glasses of mulberry wine, three stacks of Yang Guan sentences. The love is not over, and the moon is confused on the tide.
Qing Dynasty Nalan Rongruo "Remembering Wang Sun Xifeng One Night Cutting Plantains" West Wind One Night Cutting Bananas, Tired Eyes Through Autumn Patience Lonely? Force the mood to be cloudy. Read away from the commotion. It is like the day and night tide of the Xiang River.