<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" > Sima Rui of the Jin Dynasty</h1>
(276–323)
After the Sima family encroached on the Cao Wei regime in the Three Kingdoms, they punched the Shu Han Jing Elderly Home and kicked the Eastern Wu Kindergarten. Unified the whole country and established the Western Jin Dynasty.
However, the Western Jin Dynasty was in turmoil, with the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings" bloodbathing the imperial regime inside, and ethnic minorities outside looking at the tiger. The most crucial thing is that among these emperors of the Western Jin Dynasty, none of them had the ability to rule the country.
Later, liu cong, the slowly rising emperor of Han Zhao, saw that the Western Jin Dynasty was a soft persimmon and had to be pinched, so he punched and kicked, and the Western Jin Dynasty perished.
However, the Sima family was prosperous, and Sima Rui was quick in his eyes and established the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the Pearl River Valley.
No matter what kind of thief can not stand on either side, if you want to establish your own imperial cause, it is certainly not advisable to be in a corner of peace.
But at this time, Sima Rui had no fame, no power, and three had no army. Except that he was the great-grandson of Sima Yi, the ancestor of the Jin Dynasty, there was really nothing.
If a single row cannot be on the king, then there must be a double row of the king, so Sima Rui decisively added a friend of the king of Xiang.
Wang Dao was a famous ruler of that era, loyal and loyal, obsessed with it, the two worked together, and the dismal operation finally gave the Eastern Jin Dynasty some looks.
The relationship between people is very wonderful, many people can often suffer together, but they cannot be rich and prosperous together. Because poverty sometimes does not change people's minds, but power can completely change a person.
There was a person from the Wang family behind Wang Dao, and this person's name was Wang Dun.
Less gossip, less nonsense. When Wang Dun saw that the emperor had no courage in his own business, he rebelled, killed the palace, and kidnapped Sima Rui. Sima Rui was in a hurry and said such a passage to Wang Dun.
"Book of Jin": I want to get my place, but when I was early, I returned to Langya, why should I be so trapped by the people!
The translation means: Brother, why should you be like this if you want to be an emperor, how frightening it is to dance the sword and make a sword, you want to be an emperor, I will give you the position to get it. You came to be emperor, and I directly told the old man to return to my hometown.
The Heavenly Son, the Nine-Five-Year-Old, was powerless to fight back in the face of the rebellious subordinates, so he had to utter such a humiliating and peaceful remark.
How did Sima Rui feel in his heart?
No one could understand the pain in Sima Rui's heart, but after some such humiliation, he finally saved his life.
Wang Dun gave up usurping the throne and became a vassal instead. Sima Rui became a real puppet emperor.
The power of the Gate Valve (Wang Clan) is getting stronger and stronger, and the Emperor can only stare dryly every day, watching these people above himself, being his own home, and being his own master.
Sima Rui had hated, angered, and been dazed.
He thought that his gritted teeth and forbearance could be exchanged for future anger and strength, and he thought that the Emperor Jin Guozuo would not be extinguished for a thousand years, and he would always have a day to emerge.
But fate was cruel, and it only told him four words: wishful thinking.
As the king of a country, he did not lead the Eastern Jin Dynasty to greater glory, nor did he leave a great achievement in the history of Youth.
"Fate is all predestined, half a point is not up to people", is the best portrayal of the emperor's life.
It is worth mentioning that a very interesting record has been left about Sima Rui's life.
As early as the Cao Wei period, there was a widely circulated book of prophecy, which was called the Xuanshi Tu.
This "Xuanshi Tu" can be described as a book of wonders, a fighter in a book of wonders, and a handle in a book of prophecies.
There are many prophecies recorded in the book, and without exception, all of them are accurately stated in this book. The book says that if you are thin today, you will be thin today. Say you have insomnia tomorrow, you will lose sleep tomorrow.
As soon as the book came and went, it fell into the hands of Sima Yi, the ancestor of the Jin Dynasty, who took a look at it, and there was an idiom recorded in the book - "the cow follows the horse" .
He pondered, my surname is Sima And the meaning of this idiom is that after our Sima family is finished, there will be a surname Niu to replace us.
Sima Yi was furious, but this was not okay. He scanned the circle of people around him, and sure enough, he found that one of his generals was named Niu Jin. As soon as he saw it, he was sure that you would be unfavorable to the Sima family in the future, so Sima Yi designed the liquor bureau and killed Niu Jin with poisonous wine.
When people in later generations read the "Book of Wei", "Book of Jin", "Helin Yulu" and other historical books, they found that it recorded that Sima Rui was not actually Sima Yi's great-grandson, but the son of Niu Jin and Sima Yi in the early years who committed adultery with a concubine named Xiahou.
They all said that Sima Yi could change his life against the heavens, but he did not think that in the end, he would let others inherit the Jin Dynasty.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" > Sima Shao, Emperor of the Jin Dynasty</h1>
(299–325)
In the history of the Eastern and Western Jin Dynasties, a famous monarch finally appeared.
When Sima Shao had not yet ascended the throne and was still a young child, he and his father Sima Rui of Jinzhongzong sat cross-legged and talked on their knees.
Sima Rui asked him, compared with the sun in the sky and Chang'an City, which one is far away from us?
Sima Shao told his father that the sun was far away, because no one had ever come out of the sun, but there was a steady stream of people coming from Chang'an.
The next day, Sima Rui asked Sima Shao the same question, but Sima Shao had a different answer, and he once again told his father: Chang'an is far away, because you can see the hot sun when you look up, but you can't see the majestic Chang'an City.
This is a child who can see problems from different angles and is quick-witted. When he grew up, he became a wise monarch.
Although Sima Shao was a Ming Jun, the situation he was facing at that time was very serious.
Because Wang Dun, who was comforted by the former emperor at that time, had already been unable to hold back his ambition to be emperor.
He said: I don't wait, I want to be emperor.
Sima Shao's eyes were fast, taking advantage of Wang Dun's pride and complacency, carelessness. Unexpectedly, Wang Dun's rebellion was quelled.
No matter how favorable the conditions given to him by the unscrupulous king, he could not calm the chaos, and the promising monarch could often survive even if he fell into a desperate situation.
Different abilities determine the difference in destiny.
Taking back sovereignty, Sima Shao began his own era of vigorous efforts, external troubles were solved, and now there are still internal worries left.
There were two clans of scholars in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the northern Qiao clan and the southern Wu clan. The two major ethnic groups are important parts of the country and undertake important tasks such as the country's population base and economic development. But there is no harmony between them.
The overseas Chinese surnamed Shi clan laughed at the lack of heating in the south, and the Wu clan in the south laughed at the lack of sea in the north.
In the face of such a sharp clash between the warrior clans, Sima Shao had the demeanor of The Wu lord Sun Quan during the Three Kingdoms period, and he adopted the art of checks and balances, did not suppress or exclude, and worked hard to develop the relationship between the two major clans, making great contributions to the stability of the Eastern Jin Dynasty society.
Although the emperor's life was short, he left a strong mark on the history of the Jin Dynasty.
He was worthy of his status as an emperor, and he was also worthy of the ancestors of the Jin Dynasty.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line">
Sima Yan, Emperor of Jin Dynasty
</h1>
(321–342)
Although the young Sima Yan ascended the throne, the government was in the hands of his mother, Empress Yu. Empress Yu died, and the power of the government was again controlled by her uncle Yu Liang.
However, Sima Yan, who was a small and big man, was not a useless puppet emperor, he was once captured by the rebellious general Su Jun and imprisoned in a prison cart.
The little emperor was worried about his life between his hands, but Sima Yan was not afraid and still buried his head in the car to read.
A young child, Taishan collapsed in front of him and his face did not change color, Sima Yan, who had such a character, was naturally not a mortal.
His uncle Yu Liang (庾亮) abused his power and brought calamity to the country, and the party was in dissidents, and he often killed his ministers, and Sima Zong, the king of Nanton, was also killed by him. Sima Yan was not pleased. Above the court, he asked Yu Liang: Where is Sima Zong?
Yu Liang said: Sima Zong was a traitor and had already been beheaded and punished.
Sima Yan sneered and said something like this: My uncle said who is a chaotic thief and who is a chaotic thief, so if someone reports to me that my uncle is a chaotic thief, then what should I do?
The speaker has no intention, the listener intends, and he breaks out in a cold sweat.
After criticizing and educating this dishonest uncle, Sima Yan turned the spearhead to his own brother-in-law Yu Yi.
Yu Yi saw that the Eastern Jin Dynasty was the old Yu family, and the more he spread it, the more he bullied and dominated the market today, and the fish and meat people tomorrow. The day after tomorrow even the dynasty is not on.
Sima Yan said this again:
"Zizhi Tongjian": "The uncle has chaotic the world, and the brother-in-law wants evil? ”
The translation means that Yu Liang is so good every day, I say to clean him up and clean him up. If you're as good as he is, I'll take care of you."
This young Tianzi showed extraordinary personnel management skills, which gave the Dongjin Dynasty, which had been plagued by national diseases for many years, a glimmer of hope.
In the twenty-two years of his life, although he was often subject to power, Sima Yan had achieved unlimited possibilities for the Eastern Jin Dynasty in a limited scope.
He quelled su jun's rebellion and continued to stabilize the contradictions between the shi clan. Perhaps these feats are not conspicuous, or perhaps these acts do not completely reverse the decline of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
But there is no doubt that Sima Yan was a brave, fearless courtier, and outspoken emperor.
Sima Yue, Emperor Kang of Jin
(322–344)
Sima Yue opened the Supreme Emperor membership card and became the new master of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but what he did not expect was that his membership card was only an experience card, which expired in only three years - Sima Yue, who died of illness, had not yet sat on the emperor's seat and received a bento.
Maybe this emperor has the determination and ability to rule and govern the world, and maybe if he gives this emperor even a little more time, maybe the fate of the Eastern Jin Dynasty will change.
But sometimes people's fate is really not in their own hands.
One of the issues we sometimes explore is that a country is on the brink of collapse.
The reigning king has no power, but the state has no room for the king to exert his power.
It's not that he doesn't do anything, it's really hard to do.
So is he a mediocre lord or a ming jun?
Heaven only gave Sima Yue three years, a mere three years, which was simply not enough for the devastated Jin Empire.
Sima Yue glanced at the Great Jin Dynasty and shook his head. He abandoned the idea of governing the country and instead spent little time studying his hobbies.
Although he was not a good emperor, he was a world-famous calligrapher. Sima Yue's calligraphy was extremely profound, and his calligraphy work "Lu Nü Ti" was even included in the "Chunhua Ge Ti" in the Song Dynasty.
Don't underestimate this "Chunhua Ge Ti". This is the first collection of calligraphy works in Chinese history that brings together masterpieces from ancient times to the present, and the calligraphers who can be included in this book are all the bearers of the calligraphy community.
Jia will be difficult to meet again, three years for a thousand autumns.
Sima Yue waved goodbye to the people, leaving the Eastern Jin Dynasty with an uncertain future.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" > Sima Tan, Emperor Mu of Jin</h1>
(343–361)
Sima Tan, who ascended the throne at the age of two, was also an emperor whose history was almost unborn.
The reason was not that shi guan was lazy, but because the emperor was really too small.
At this time, the Western Jin Dynasty was no longer a unified regime, the world was rising together, the Former Qin regime had developed, and the Chenghan regime was also in a state of flux.
The fragmented world was in dire need of a Ming emperor to govern, but the emperor was still in his infancy. No way, the ministers stepped forward.
Yin Hao, Chu Fu, He Chong, and Cai Mo all became the mainstays of the Eastern Jin Empire at that time.
But the courtiers are only courtiers, how much appeal and ability can they have?
Ming Jun's life is short, the mediocre lord is inactive, and the young lord has not yet grown up.
Figuratively speaking, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was like a regime that never had a leader, and it was in a state of panic in the war-torn land of China.
Sima Pi, Emperor of the Jin Dynasty
(341–365)
Sima Pi's favorite thing was not to govern the country, but to study the art of immortality.
He believes that if you want to live forever, there are two things to do, one thing is to clear the valley.
The complicated explanation of what is called a valley involves the Huang Lao doctrine of Chinese Taoism, which is a very philosophical attitude towards life. And in simple terms, it is two words, hunger strike.
The emperor embarked on a long hunger strike. Drink some dew in the morning, lick your lips at noon, and drink the northwest wind overnight in the evening.
Hunger strikes were not counted, and at that time, some unscrupulous old masters also encouraged the emperor to eat "elixirs". They told the emperor that the "elixir" was a powerful thing, eating one pill to refresh the mind, eating two grains to never get tired, eating three grains of immortality.
When the emperor heard it, his eyes lit up, and this time he did not open the valley, and began to eat the "elixir" as a meal every day.
What is the "elixir"? To put it bluntly, it is a variety of toxic and harmful heavy metal substances put together. Until now, ordinary people eat one or two grains, light vomiting up and down diarrhea, heavy one life whimpering. Sima Pi is not Iron Man, where can his body withstand it?
Sima Pi fell ill, and his absurd life ended.
However, history still records some of his actions during his reign:
He reduced taxes on peasants and charged only two liters of money per acre of land.
Disaster relief and grain distribution, transported 50,000 rice to help the poor.
Therefore, objectively speaking, this emperor may have made a mess of his life, but he is still kind to the people of Li.
During Sima Pi's reign, the Eastern Jin Dynasty finally entered a short stage of stability, a corner of peace, and the country's people's livelihood had a better development. From this, it is not difficult for us to see a truth: in fact, governing the country is very simple, don't say that you can't govern the country, as long as you do good deeds to the people of the world, to the people of Li, and to govern benevolently, the country will prosper day by day.
This is the simplest truth, but there are very few people who are good at this way.
The Jin Dynasty deposed Emperor Sima Yi</h1>
(342–386)
Sima Yi was under great pressure, for the simple reason that he was the only emperor in the history of the Eastern Jin Dynasty who had been deposed during his reign.
Very faceless, very faceless.
Of course, the powerful minister at that time spent a lot of effort to abolish Sima Yi.
We can see that the emperors who have been abolished throughout the ages are either young, old, faint, or incompetent.
Let's look at Sima Yi again, the young man Bei'er spirit, young and strong, a hundred steps through Yang. It is necessary to have literary talent, and to have skill and ability. Being an emperor couldn't be more appropriate.
Sima Yi said: It is not so easy to abolish me.
Thermostat is also stupid, this emperor is so good, there is really no reason to abolish it. He consulted with a group of counselors, and one of them was very damaged and came up with this idea:
"Book of Jin": "The false emperor has a disease in the domain. ”
What does it mean to translate it? This means that we can do some entertainment news, we slander the emperor impotence and premature ejaculation, can not have children. The concubines in the harem all had children by committing adultery with others.
This trick is too damaging. These people actually threw dirty water on the emperor.
However, people are fearful.
One pass ten, ten pass a hundred, a hundred pass a thousand. These people came and went, and the people of the world knew that the emperor did not lift up—of course, it was "not lifted."
Because this is almost an impeccable rumor, as long as it is used for you, not only will you be disgraced, but you will not be able to prove it.
Think about it, how to prove yourself in front of the public that you are a man with normal sexual ability?
It is almost impossible to do without etiquette and civilization.
The emperor did not lift up, and the concubines committed adultery. First, such an emperor could not continue the state, and second, he insulted the face of the country.
Amid the scoff, Sima Yi ended his political career and retired from the emperor's seat.
Such an accomplished emperor did not die in the rebellion, nor did he die in the rebellion, but at the hands of public opinion. This is the sadness of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and it is also a manifestation of a country's loss of mind.
Sima Yu, Emperor Wen of Jin
(320–372)
Before becoming emperor, Sima Yu was an old fritter in the official field of the Jin Dynasty.
He was very capable of surviving, even better than Sima Yi, the ancestor of the Sima family.
He survived the seven kings of the Yuan, Ming, Cheng, Kang, Mu, Ai, and Abolition dynasties before he officially sat on the emperor's throne.
This middle-aged and elderly man has already seen through everything in years of official politics.
The dynasty is one day and one night, and the fireworks bloom and are cold.
country? power? destiny? dynasty? It didn't matter in his eyes anymore.
Therefore, he has no intention of fighting against the constant temperature of the powerful ministers, and only wants to live his quiet and inactive life every day.
The emperor's life was simple and clean.
Get up in the morning to write and read a book. Play chess before going to bed at noon and raise flowers. In the evening, after dinner, listen to the drama and sneak around.
His life is similar to that of many grandparents after 95.
You can accuse him of being the Son of Heaven, who only cares about his own quiet and inaction, but he cannot hear the people of Li who are crying and crying because of years of war.
You can also criticize him and indulge in life. Major state affairs and great political power were all laughed off and ignored.
But we must clearly recognize the fact that Compared with those faint emperors who were faint, bloody, and laborious and hurt their money, Sima Yu was already much better.
Sima Yao, Emperor Xiaowu of Jin
(362–396)
The biggest highlight of Sima Yao's life was that after he ascended to the throne, he quickly cut through the chaos, and all the powerful ministers and door valve forces who interfered in the imperial power were all painfully flattened.
He understood that he was the emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and he wanted to be his own master, and no one had the right to control his actions or dictate his actions.
And it turns out that he did.
This emperor not only broke through the shackles of various forces on imperial power, but also beat up his old rival, the Former Qin Dynasty.
The "Battle of Shuishui" became famous in the first world war, and Sima Yao can already be famous in history.
But he has made a name for himself in history, but there is another reason why he can't laugh and cry--this emperor was killed alive by his concubine with a quilt.
The country was at peace, the military merits were outstanding, and Sima Yao could finally spend a few days in the harem. He and his most beloved concubine, Zhang Shi, talked about the wine, and the more he drank, the bigger and bigger he drank.
Sima Yao was a witty man, and with the help of wine, he said this to Zhang Shi:
Book of Wei: "When Ru was abolished in the year, I already belonged to the Young Sisters." ”
The translated meaning is: Zhang Shi, you are now nearly thirty years old, the posture is not as good as before, you have not given me a son and a half daughter, occupying the pit and not, occupying a noble position in vain, tomorrow I will abolish you, and find another young and beautiful girl.
In fact, Sima Yao loved Zhang Shi very much, and when he said this, he was just teasing the beauty.
But the speaker has no intention, and the listener intends.
Zhang Shi was furious, thinking oh yes, you Sima Yao, when you become emperor, you are not you, you still hate me? The old lady will kill you first!
Zhang Shi said that he could do it, rested at night, took advantage of Sima Yao's drinking of five fans and three ways, drunk as mud, picked up the quilt to cover Sima Yao, this excellent emperor who worked hard to govern, actually was covered alive and dead.
Sima Yao's story illustrates a more simple and understandable truth: as a man, you must be kind to your daughter-in-law.
And through this story, we can sum up the experience that human strength is indeed small, every misfortune and blessing are unexpected, want to be famous for eternity, achieve some imperial hegemony, not only to solve the strong enemy external problems, but also to coax their own daughter-in-law on the kang head.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" > Sima Dezong of Jin' An</h1>
(382–419)
Zhang Killed Sima Yao and the last glimmer of hope for the Eastern Jin Empire.
Now, the death knell is about to ring for the dynasty. At this death knell, Sima Dezong took the throne.
Let us pay attention to the historical node at this time, the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties is coming soon.
At this time, the Eastern Jin Dynasty had long been divided.
Sima Dezong, who became emperor, heard the most news in a day was "there was a rebellion."
Today some people will rise up to build a country, and tomorrow some people will lead troops to rebel.
In the prosperous world of peace, the emperor is the honor of the Ninth Five, commanding the world. As soon as the chaotic world came, the emperor became the plaything in the palm of the world.
Even if the imperial power was reduced, Sima Dezong was still a low-energy child. According to the Book of Jin, the emperor's IQ was so low that he could not even distinguish between spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Therefore, the emperor was deposed by Shi Huanxuan of Guangzhou today, and was restored to the throne tomorrow by the future Southern Song Emperor Liu Yu, and the day after tomorrow was captured by the general Huan Zhen.
The emperor went through his life with ups and downs.
The situation was turbulent, and he did not have the slightest ability to fight back.
Not to mention governing the country, even the dignity that an ordinary person should have, he has never had.
The Eastern Jin Dynasty could not be saved, waiting for its fate, only to perish.
This is the result of historical development and the inevitability of history.
Come on! Eastern jin!
Welcome your last moments!
Sima Dewen, Emperor Gong of Jin
(386–421)
Liu Yu became an important figure in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Such a figure who crisscrossed the last years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty would not be willing to be only a minister with power to the government and the opposition. He had a greater ideal, that is, to change the dynasty and establish himself as emperor.
Now there is only one last step, forcing Sima Dewen to take the Zen position.
The last emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty did not resist or refuse, and gave up the throne cleanly and sharply.
He had no reason to refuse, and he had no ability to refuse.
Because at this moment, the Eastern Jin Dynasty, led by the Sima family, had nothing left.
He had no capital to rebel at all.
When later historians pointed to the last emperor and criticized him for his "fainting and inaction", did they seriously consider a question? That is, if you were asked to be emperor at that time, what would you do?
Are you capable of turning the tide? Or can you see the sun in the clouds? You can't, you have ambition, you have integrity, you can at most die to see the ambition.
But once you die, what problem can you solve?
Don't know the cold of others, don't say that others are short.
Fifty years of the Western Jin Dynasty plus one hundred and three years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, eventually perished.
It is worth mentioning that Sima Dewen asked to be demoted to king, but Liu Yu was still not at ease. He sent Zhang Wei, a former courtier of the former dynasty, to visit him with a cup of poisoned wine and instructed him to kill the emperor.
Zhang Wei said this:
Book of Jin: "If you want a king to die, it is better to die than a subject." ”
The loyal minister did not want to murder the emperor, and chose to raise the poisoned wine above his head and drink it all.
Throughout the history of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, no one has built a monument for this waiter, and today, let us remember his name.
This is a true Jin Han Zhongliang.
Unfortunately, the veins of the oblique hui, the history is leisurely, and countless popular figures and emperors and generals have dissipated along with the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
History would have been interesting, we'll see you in the next issue.