When I first saw Yuelu Academy's famous Yinglian "Only Chu has talent, Yu Si is prosperous", I had a strange and deep-rooted impression in my heart: Chu State = Hubei. At least the core and essence should be in Hubei, and as for Hunan, and even more distant Jiangsu and Zhejiang, it is just a remote border area gradually annexed by this huge kingdom. Later, I found out that I was wrong, for example, the inconspicuous small city of Shou County in northern Anhui now also served as the capital of the Chu State.
After becoming the capital of Ying (the state of Chu had moved its capital many times in its history, but they liked to refer to each capital as Ying. Just like the later imperial dynasty, Teai used Jing to name the capital of the empire) Before that, it was called Shouchun because it was a gift from King Chu Kaolie to Huang Xie, the king of Chunshen Jun, to wish him a birthday.
In 278 BC, the Qin general Bai Qi led troops to attack Yan Ying (present-day Yicheng, Hubei), and the king of Chu moved the capital to Chen Ying (formerly the capital of the Chen state, later Huaiyang County, now Huaiyang District, Zhoukou City). 31 years later, as Qin Chu's strength grew and the other declined, Chen Ying was getting closer and closer to the newly opened frontier of the Qin state, and in desperation, King Chu Kaolie took the initiative to move the capital to Shouchun at the suggestion of Chun Shenjun. 19 years later, in 800, the state of Chu died in Shouying.
In the 19 years since it became the capital of Chu, in addition to bringing many underground treasures to Shou County, and even supporting a magnificent Anhui Chu Culture Museum, there are various place names with the character "Ying" that have survived to this day.
Of course, before becoming the capital of Ying, Shou County also served as the capital of the Cai State, which was called Xia Cai at that time. Earlier, in the Huaiyi era, it was the capital city of the state.
After the capital of Ying, Shou County served as the capital of several Huainan kings from Yingbu to Liu Chang and Liu An, served as the capital of Fuling State of Liu Yan, son of Emperor Guangwu, and served as the capital of the Yuan Shu Zhongjia Dynasty, which briefly became emperor during the Three Kingdoms period.
The gold buckle on the belt of Liu Yan, the king of Fuling, is fortunately not for sale, otherwise Xu Belt would not have bought Hermes
The later history of Shou County is related to the war. In the era of the division of the north and the south, Shou County on the bank of the Huai River helplessly became the front line of contention between the two sides. The Northern Zhou Crusade against the Southern Tang Dynasty took place here. Zhao Kuangyin, who was still a general of Northern Zhou at the time, first captured Shouzhou, and then was trapped in the city. This led to the story of the female general Liu Jinding's battle against the four gates, which has been passed down to this day. Folklore has it that Liu Jinding was reincarnated as Mu Guiying, while her husband Gao Junbao became the later Yang Zongbao.
More famous is the Battle of Shuishui, in this famous battle example in Chinese history to win more with less, the tragic Great Qin Heavenly King Fu Jian walked out of many stun moves in a row, even if only one move was reversed, it would not be a failure. Perhaps this is the destiny of heaven, the destiny cannot be violated! It's a pity that this most powerful and virtuous hero of the Sixteen Kingdoms era! It is only pity that the people of the Central Plains will continue the turbulent life for more than a hundred years.
The first time I had a strong desire to see Shou County was after reading the story of the Battle of Shuishui. Eager to climb the head of Shouzhou, appreciate the vastness of the Shuishui River, and look at the Bagong Mountain on the opposite bank. Feel the sad king from the pride of "throwing the whip to cut off the flow" to the sad and sad mood change of "on the Bagong Mountain, the grass and trees are soldiers". I don't want to laugh at him, I have only deep respect and infinite compassion for this failed hero with a pure heart and a heroic atmosphere.
On the Chunshen Square outside the gate of the south gate of the ancient city, there is a sculpture of Chunshen Jun. Chunshen Jun Huang Xie is one of the four princes of the Warring States along with Meng Weijun of the State of Qi, Xinling Jun of the State of Wei, and Jun of the Plain Sovereign of the State of Zhao, and the most miserable of the four princes.
At the beginning of the "History of Chunshen Jun Lie", the State of Qin, with Yu Wei, who had just defeated Han and Wei, wrapped up the combined forces of Han and Wei and planned to attack the State of Chu in a big way. Huang Xie, who was on an envoy to the State of Chu, heard the news in advance, and went to see the King of Qin alone, instigating a three-inch tongue comparable to Su Qin Zhang Yi, knowing the benefits, and finally persuaded the King of Qin to dispel the idea of Fa Chu.
Later, when accompanying the crown prince to stay in the Qin State as a hostage, the news came that King Chu Wanxiang was seriously ill. Although you are a prince, if you are not around when the king is buried in heaven, then it is difficult to say that the throne will not be snatched away by other long-coveted brothers. Just like the prince Xiaobai back then, if he hadn't run faster than the son-in-law, then there would not have been the later Qi Huan Gong. At this time, Huang Xie showed extraordinary wisdom and courage, and he let Gongzi immediately change his disguise, sneak back to the capital of Ying, and finally succeeded to the throne smoothly as the king of Chu Kaolie. Huang Xie, with the assistance of Qin Xiangfan Ji, escaped without risk, and after returning to China, he was named Ling Yin (Chu State Xiangguo) by the new monarch, and gave the territory of Huaibei as Chunshen Jun. After that, he actually held the power of the Chu state for decades.
However, because King Chu Kaoli has never been able to give birth to a son, seeing that the throne is about to pass to other princes, he will also lose power and even fall into prison. In a panic, Chun Shenjun actually caught the Dao of Li Yuan, a careerist of the Zhao Kingdom. Li Yuan first designed to sacrifice his sister Jin to Chunshen Jun, and when his sister became pregnant, he persuaded Chun Shenjun to sacrifice her Jin to King Chu. Sure enough, the new princess soon gave birth to a son. Li Yuan also soared because of his identity as the future uncle of the King of Chu. The careerists were worried that Chunshen Jun would reveal the secrets behind it, so on the day of Kaolie's death, they arranged for assassins to kill Chun Shenjun, and immediately exterminated his entire family.
In the door hole of the south gate of Shou County, there is a stone stele, which depicts a human figure holding a sword to make a slash, and the image is hideous. Engraved on the left is a "Tale of the Man in the Door", which tells this true story. Tell future generations that it is indispensable to guard against others.
The ancient city of Shou County is not large, with only four gates, namely Tonghui Gate in the south, Jinghuai Gate in the north, Binyang Gate in the east and Dinghu Gate in the west. Except for the gate of Tonghui, which demolished the urn castle and raised and widened the city gate for the needs of transportation, the other three gates have remained in their original form.
The entire ancient city has an approximate standard square shape, surrounded by water systems. The famous water flows outside the North Gate and empties into Lake Wabu in the southeast. Although the large area outside the gate of Dinghu is now gone, it has inherited the name of Shouxi Lake (a large lake west of Shouzhou). When Huaishui flooded, it was a country of ze.
According to research, the main body of the existing ancient city of Shou County was built during the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Shouchun City in the time of Chunshen Jun was actually located in the location of the Chu Culture Museum. Therefore, in the battle of Shuishui, the place where Fu Jian stood when he looked at Bagong Mountain was not the ancient city of Shou County now.
This is the Jinghuai Gate in the north, and the rolling hills in the distance are the Bagong Mountain, and the famous Shuishui River is located in between
The ancient city of Shou County has survived more than 1,000 years of wind and rain, especially after 49 years, thanks to its waterproof function. Yes, the construction of Shouzhou City, the military function is not the only factor considered. It's more about how to withstand frequent floods. When the flood was raging, as long as the four gates were closed, the people of the city could escape the disaster. At the gate of Binyangmen Wengcheng, two stone tablets are inscribed to mark the water level of the two major floods in 1954 and 1991. In 1954, floodwaters had already flooded through the city gates.
This is the Binyang Gate shot in the Urn City Gate Cave. All the gates of the Wengcheng City and the main city gate are not in a straight line, on the one hand, to avoid that after the loss of the Wengcheng, the enemy army can carry the previous Yuwei and directly rush into the main city gate. On the other hand, for the ancient city of Shou County, if the flood breaks through the gate of the Wengcheng City and encounters the city wall, it can still produce a swirling effect and reduce the impact on the main gate.
Moon Dam in the northeast corner of the ancient city
In the northeast and northwest corners of the ancient city, there is an ancient Hanyue Dam. At the bottom of the Moon Dam is a culvert that connects the inland river at one end and passes through the bottom of the wall to the water outside the city. The height of the lunar dam is the same height as the city wall to prevent the overflow of water. The outer wall is surrounded by a thick embankment, which looks like a small mountain bag from a distance. A shaft with a length, width and depth of about 1.5 meters is set up on the outside of the lunar dam to sediment. A huge cone-shaped wooden plug is placed at the part where the river connects with the culvert, and the small head of the stopper faces the inland river. In this way, when the inland water level is high, the wooden plug can automatically rush out, and the inland water can be discharged into the outer river through the culvert. On the contrary, when the outside water is high, when the culvert enters the city, the wooden plug is blocked more tightly by the pressure of the water. This design can effectively prevent external water back-irrigation, and can also observe the difference in the height of the water level between the inside and outside from the lunar dam. The design of the ancients is very intelligent, and it has to be amazing!
In the shaft outside the Moon Dam, "Chongyong" refers to the tall city wall, and "barrier flow" means blocking the flow of water. The Moon Dam in the northwest corner also has four big characters "Gin Tong Consolidation"
For waterproofing, the ancients racked their brains. In addition to these tangible things, a lot of effort has been put into psychological construction.
There are two typed characters "圵門" written on the city gate hole of the north gate, which at first glance looks like "north gate", in fact, this character is pronounced dang, which is an extremely cold and secluded character. Cold to the point that Erya, Shuwen, Etymology, Ci Hai, etc. are not included. Only the Kangxi dictionary records that "圵, yindang, takata, different from the characters for north and south". Or "the name of the earth dam". The so-called "Takada" means the high premises. It is understood that "圵門" means a door made of earth in a high place. The meaning is that the gate of Shou County is always above the water, which is the same meaning as the inscription of the four city gates, expressing the desire of the people of the ancient city to overcome the flood and pray for peace.
On the way to Bagongshan by tricycle, I heard the uncle of the coachman say that in fact, the ancient city of Shou County was not spared during the catastrophe of the Cultural Revolution, and there was not much left of the outer city wall that had been demolished by the "revolutionary" masses. Fortunately, the intruders who were not afraid of the sky and the earth were actually afraid of the flood, and later rebuilt it with blue stripes. Later, the wind direction turned 180 degrees, and the four old ones were no longer removed, but cultural relics were protected. So I spent money to order a batch of antique green stripe bricks, and built a new wall on the outside of the stone wall...
The power of the fools is terrible, and even more terrifying is that from Xiang Yu to Huang Chao, from Zhang Xianzhong to the generals of the Cultural Revolution, this power has never died. I thought that the modern era of people's wisdom and civilization would not reappear after all. Unexpectedly, after three years of "epidemic prevention", this sneaking wildfire was gladly reborn. This is the sadness of history, and even more so the misfortune of China.
Also using Shouchun as his fief capital was Liu An, the king of Huainan of the Western Han Dynasty, who was Liu Chang's son and Liu Bang's grandson.
The three kings of Huainan of the Western Han Dynasty, from Yingbu, who had a different surname, to Liu Chang and Liu An with the same surname, all died because of the rebellion. It cannot but be said that this is a great irony of Liu Bang's "White Horse Alliance".
Although he was a royal nobleman born with a gold ingot, Liu An, who was dedicated to pursuing Taoism, made a Taoist masterpiece "Huainanzi", and inadvertently invented tofu in the process of alchemy. The nameless mountain in the north of the city is also named Bagong Mountain because he often sits here with eight magi.
Among the historical figures in Shou County, there is also a general Lianpo of Zhao that most people do not expect, yes, the general Lianpo who had a famous general and story with Lin Xiang.
Many people wonder, how could the general of the Zhao State be buried thousands of miles away in the Shouchun of the Chu State?
The textbook "Jiang Xianghe" only intercepts a short part of Lianpo's life. In fact, there's a lot of equally wonderful content to come. After the Battle of Changping, Zhao Kuo, who was on paper, greatly damaged Zhao Guo's vitality, and King Zhao Xiaocheng had to reactivate Lianpo. A few years later, the Yan State in the north wanted to take advantage of the fact that the Zhao State had not yet licked the wounds of the Battle of Changping, and took advantage of the opportunity, so he raised troops to attack the Zhao State. General Lian's sword was not old and killed the Yan army back. King Zhao rewarded Yu Wencheng with the title "Xinping Jun" and made him represent Xiangguo (in fact, none of the two protagonists in the story were Xianghe at the time). Lianpo has thus reached the pinnacle of his career.
After the death of King Zhao Xiaocheng, his son Mourning King Xiang succeeded to the throne. Perhaps it was a son of heaven and a courtier, or perhaps he felt that General Lian was already old, so King Zhao Mourning Xiang asked Le Cheng to take Lianpo's place. Takeo Takeo did not learn the lesson of the previous conflict with Lin Xiangru, and once again became angry, and this time, directly attacked Lecheng. Regardless of the outcome, he could no longer mix in the Zhao Kingdom, so he fled to the Wei Kingdom. However, the Wei state even had to squeeze his own Shang Martin and Wu Qi to the enemy country, and he had no strength to appoint this foreign general. Lian Po did not have the trust of the King of Wei at all, and his life in the Wei Kingdom was very unhappy. At this time, King Zhao, who had experienced the Qin Kingdom's many hammers, missed Lianpo's good again, and planned to use him again. So an emissary was sent to visit. The enemies who had never thought of Lianpo bought off the messenger and replied to King Zhao: General Lian is old, and Shang Shan is good. But after a while, I went out and three times ... Lianpo's last chance was thus ruined by the villain's conspiracy.
Later, the king of Chu heard about Lianpo and sent someone to invite him to Shouying. During his years in the State of Chu, Lianpo did not establish the slightest decent battle exploits. In his later years, he often said to people like Xianglin's sister-in-law: "I still want to command the soldiers of the Zhao Kingdom!" ", finally depressed.
In front of Lianpo's tombstone, someone put an open bottle of the second pot head. More than 2,000 years later, there are still soulmates who remember him and admire him, and I think that General Lian has knowledge underground, and he can also have a little relief.