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The origin of the name Syria can be traced back to the ancient Assyrian Empire, which was founded between the 10th and 6th centuries BC and stood in the northern Mesopotamian plain. At its peak, the Assyrian Empire annexed territories including Babylon, Egypt, Armenia, etc., becoming one of the most powerful countries in the world at the time. With a land area of millions of square kilometers, it was a huge empire, and it was unparalleled in the world at that time except for the Zhou Dynasty.
Within Syria, the ancient Aramaic language, which has a long history and has been passed down for more than 3,000 years, is still spoken. In ancient times, Aramaic was the lingua franca of numerous civilizations, including Greece and Egypt. Today, however, only small communities in Syria, Iran, Turkey, Iraq, Armenia and Georgia still speak the language, with a total population of only about 500,000 speakers.
After the rise of the Ottoman Empire, Syria existed as part of it for 400 years. However, after World War I, when the Ottoman Empire collapsed and Britain and France divided spheres of influence in the Middle East, Syria became part of France. After the end of World War II, Syria was occupied by France and Britain until 1946, when it gained independence.
The largest lake in Syria is Lake Assad, located in Raqqa province. This huge artificial reservoir was built in 1968 and first filled in 1974. After impoundment, the maximum area of Lake Assad reached 610 square kilometers, with a volume of up to 117 cubic kilometers. The lake has been built to irrigate 9.6 million acres of surrounding land and is Albi's most important source of water, providing 80 million cubic meters of water to the city every year.
The largest river in Syria is the Euphrates, with a length of 2,800 kilometers and a basin area of 440,000 square kilometers. The river originates in Turkey, crosses Syria and Iraq, and eventually empties into the Persian Gulf. The Mesopotamian civilization was born on both sides of this river, becoming one of the oldest native civilizations in the world.
Syrians have a peculiarity, they love smoking. According to the Tobacco Atlas, Syrians smoke an average of 2,291 cigarettes a year, equivalent to six cigarettes per person per day.
Damascus, the capital of Syria, is one of the oldest and continuously inhabited cities in the world. UNESCO lists it as one of the oldest cities in the world. Archaeological excavations have shown that Damascus has been a city since around 3000 BC. Even in the Middle Ages, ancient books in Arabia were full of praise, comparing it to heaven. The city has been occupied by many ethnic groups for thousands of years, but its inhabitants have continued to thrive and thrive to this day. Even archaeological excavations on the outskirts of Terlamad have shown that it was inhabited as early as 8,000 to 10,000 BC.
Damascus not only has a long history, but also has the oldest university in Syria, the University of Damascus, founded in 1903, including the School of Medicine. The city is also located in the Sheikh Mountains, which at 2,814 meters above sea level are the highest peak in Syria. Mount Sheikh is not only a snow-capped mountain, but also feeds the Barada River in Damascus, one of the headwaters of the Jordan River.
The lowest point in Syria is near Lake Tiberias, only minus 200 meters above sea level. Lake Tiberias, also known as the Sea of Galilee, is the lowest freshwater lake in the world. Today, however, Lake Tiberias is no longer part of Syria because Israel occupied the Golan Heights and also controlled Lake Tiberias during the 1967 Six-Day War.
Aleppo was once Syria's most populous city, but it may have lost that title after the war. Damascus, the capital of Syria, sits on high ground at 700 meters above sea level, making it the highest major city in Syria.
Syria has excelled economically, with a total economy of $252.5 billion in 2010 and a GDP per capita of $1.13 million, exceeding the global average at the time. However, with the civil war
Syria's economy suffered a severe blow. Before the outbreak of the civil war, the country's economy performed quite well, but the civil war led to economic collapse. During the war, the country's infrastructure was severely damaged, productive capacity was reduced and a large part of the population was impoverished.
It is worth mentioning that between 2000 and 2010, Syria experienced an economic miracle. During this decade, Syria's GDP grew from $80.6 billion to $252.5 billion, and its population increased. Syria is growing at an annual rate of more than 10 percent, and this amazing growth has brought prosperity to the country.
China has provided important support to Syria, especially in the international political arena. China has repeatedly vetoed targeted resolutions on Syria at the United Nations, expressing support for Syria's sovereignty. This support reflects the close relationship between the two countries.
The Golan Heights is a disputed area that has been occupied by Israel for years, and Syria has been unsuccessful despite repeated attempts to retake it.
Syria's geographical location has an extremely strategic position in the Middle East, located at the crossroads of several countries, and is the crossroads of the Middle East. This position gives Syria a key role in international politics.
Syria's mobile phone market is huge, with nearly 17 million mobile phones. Samsung, Xiaomi, and Huawei are the main brands in the mobile phone market, occupying the top three in the market share.
In general, Syria is a country with a rich historical and cultural heritage, but has suffered severe war and economic hardship in recent years. Its geographical location and resource situation make it important in international politics, but it also faces many challenges and difficulties. It is hoped that Syria will be rebuilt and a lasting peace will be achieved in the future.
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