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Looking back at the long history of history, the "three red flags" policy was controversial in Chinese history, and was criticized for a time and hailed as a classic for a while. However, the reasons for the strong support of older leaders for this policy are very different from modern views. To solve this historical mystery, let's travel back in time and explore an era full of challenges and opportunities.
In China's long history, 1949 marked the founding of the People's Republic of China, and with the birth of a new state, a great historical transformation began.
The three red flags of the People's Commune, the Great Leap Forward, and the General Line became an important political guiding ideology for China at that time, and also a key decision made in response to the historical conditions at that time.
However, in China at that time, the situation at home and abroad was complicated and severe. Internationally, the United States and other Western countries have imposed a comprehensive blockade on New China, severely suppressing China's political, economic, cultural, scientific and technological fields. At the same time, the Soviet Union also exerted enormous pressure on China, not only to stop investing in China, but also to remove Soviet experts and force China to pay off its debts. China faces a double whammy, with the need to survive in external difficulties and enormous internal pressures to feed more than 600 million people.
Under this external pressure, China must quickly promote socialist construction. In 1958, China held the Second Session of the Eighth National Congress and put forward the general line of socialist construction: "Summon up full energy, strive for the upper echelon, and build socialism as quickly and cheaply as possible." These three sentences represent three key points: mobilizing the enthusiasm of the people, setting clear development goals, and developing effective implementation methods. This general line was formulated not lightly, but had a profound theoretical and practical basis.
At that time, China had already completed its socialist transformation, and its economic base had been transformed into ownership by the whole people and collective ownership.
This is in line with Stalin's five-stage theory of social development, so China has a solid foundation for the development of socialism. In addition to the theoretical basis, there are also a series of facts to support it, such as the early completion of the "First Five-Year Plan" ahead of schedule, a series of successful movements such as land reform, three anti-five opposition, resistance against US aggression and aid Korea, and ideological reform. All this laid the theoretical and practical basis for proposing a general line.
In order to ensure the implementation of the general line, the leaders of the older generation suggested that the party committees at the central, provincial, regional, prefectural and county levels learn from the Soviet Union's development experience. The rise of the Soviet Union to become the second largest economy in a short period of time, surpassing the United States, shows that the socialist system has superiority over capitalism.
In addition, the Soviet Union demonstrated the mobilization of the socialist system in World War II.
However, the real problem was not in the general line itself, but in the later period of the Great Leap Forward. The problems that arose during the Great Leap Forward worsened during three difficult years in 1959. However, by this time, the older generation of leaders had taken a back seat and no longer commanded personally. Although the credit was shared in victory and the responsibility was attributed to individual leaders when problems arose, the older generation of leaders did not shirk responsibility, but took the initiative to correct problems in a timely manner.
To sum up, history is often not black and white, and it is necessary to fully understand the background and conditions of the time in order to better understand the decisions and actions of that era.
In China's development process, the general line was a policy aimed at solving the practical problems of the time, while the Great Leap Forward was a historical experience full of challenges and lessons.
In the context of the era full of changes and challenges, China's "three red flags" policy came into being. This policy was formulated based on the historical conditions and actual needs of the time, and was aimed at coping with domestic and foreign pressures and promoting socialist construction. Despite problems in implementation, the older generation of leaders stayed true to their original intentions, took responsibility and corrected mistakes in a timely manner. We can draw valuable historical lessons, deeply understand the complexities and challenges behind the decisions made at that time, and take a more holistic view of China's development process.