In the history of China, the emperor was extremely honorable, and even if he lost his country and power, he had his own decent way of dying. However, in European history, Charles I was publicly executed and died, which was a disgrace to the royal family. However, the real murderer of Charles I was further humiliated after his death, and even the head was sold several times and publicly displayed. Who is this person? Where was his head finally placed? If you want to know, let Xiaobian reveal the secret for you:
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On April 25, 1599, in an aristocratic family in Huntingdonshire, England, a young boy was born, his name was Oliver Cromwell. The Cromwell family is a well-known family in the local area, and its ancestors were awarded the "Golden Knight Medal" and were highly valued by the British royal family.
Cromwell entered Cambridge University at the age of 17, and in 1628 Cromwell was elected to Parliament, but the following year, Emperor Charles I decided to dissolve Parliament and impose a dictatorship. Cromwell, as a member of parliament, was of course very opposed, and on several occasions publicly and strongly demanded that the Emperor repeal the bill, but Charles I ignored it.
In order to pursue his ideals, Cromwell formed a cavalry team in August 1642, which was vigorously developed to form the famous Iron Horse Army of England at that time, which was specially used against the army of Charles I. Three years later, Cromwell commanded the Iron Cavalry to defeat Charles I's army at the Battle of Nazby with great military skill, which in turn made Charles I a prisoner and publicly executed. After this, Cromwell declared the British form of government from a monarchy to a republic, and dealt a powerful blow to Charles II's restoration plot.
Cromwell's success also made him a famous protector of England and Ireland, and a well-deserved uncrowned emperor of Britain. However, at the peak of Cromwell's life, a sepsis killed him and he died at the age of 59. Cromwell's funeral was extremely solemn, and all burial specifications were monarchical and placed in Westminster Abbey.
Just as the so-called "feng shui turns", after Cromwell's death, Charles II successfully restored, and Britain once again entered the monarchy. Charles II, so resentful of Cromwell, on 30 January 1661 ordered his body to be exhumed and hung on a gallows at the Tybern Execution Ground in London, and a few days later his head was cut off and nailed to a flagpole at the top of the Palace of Westminster.
Cromwell could not have imagined that after his death, he would suffer such a great torment, and his head was nailed to the flagpole for decades, until a storm came, and the flagpole was blown off, so that Cromwell's head could be "liberated". The next day, a guard named John Moore passed by and hid Cromwell's head in his cloak and hidden it in the chimney of his house. News of Cromwell's loss quickly spread throughout the city, and even the government of the time posted search notices claiming to severely punish the "headhunters." Moore was naturally discouraged, so he gave the head to his old acquaintance, the pharmacist Werner, which also made Cromwell's head embark on a wandering path.
As a pharmacist, Werner often went abroad to study and investigate, so he brought Cromwell's head to Switzerland and sold it to the famous antique collector Claudius.
Claudius had his own private museum, which specialized in artifacts from all over the world, and when he got Cromwell's head, he was so excited that he put it on display in the museum, which caused quite a stir in society at that time. After a period of time on display, Claudius sold the head to a comedian, Russell, who used it as a gimmick to publicly exhibit it on the street and then make a fortune on the entrance fee. After the heat passed, as fewer visitors became available, Russell felt that the head had lost its value and sold it to a local museum for display.
It was not until later that the University of Cambridge officially came forward and acquired Cromwell's head, on the grounds that Cromwell had been a student at Cambridge University, and by 1960, Cromwell's head had been drifting for nearly 300 years. As a sign of respect for Cromwell, cambridge placed its head in an oak box and held a solemn funeral for him somewhere below the university church. In front of Cromwell's burial, there is also a profound tombstone on which it reads: Oliver Cromwell, protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, a student of the University 1616-1617.
I have to say that Cromwell's life is indeed very legendary, and his glory before his death and the desolation after his death have undoubtedly become the talk of future generations after dinner. His life was a mixed reputation, but it also influenced the development of Britain, and he can be called a great monarch.
Wen xiucai, editor-in-chief of Wenlan Hairun Studio, written by: Special history writer: Changshan Zhao Zi worm