After the Allies successfully landed on the Gallipoli Peninsula, the command fell into chaos, low morale and a series of other problems caused the battle to stalemate again, and the Turkish army seized this opportunity to not allow the Entente army to win on the Gallipoli Peninsula.
Turkey's allies were still pinning down their enemies at sea, and on August 13, 1915, a German submarine sank the 11,000-ton Allied troop carrier Royal Edward in the waters off Kos in Italy's Dorcanese archipelago, killing 1,865 soldiers.
On August 17, on the Eastern Front, the Germans finally captured the fortress city of Kovno after firing 853,000 shells from 136 guns. The commander of the Russian fortress, General Grigoriev, abandoned the city and fled, without even informing the staff officers, which led to the fact that the only railway between Ostend and Petrograd was not blown up, and the Neman River bridge was preserved intact, and in the end, Grigoriev was tried by military law and sentenced to eight years of hard labor.
The Germans captured millions of cans of cured meat in the Kovno munitions warehouse, and these were supplies intended for the Russian front, which were now owned by the Germans. Further south, German and Austrian troops advanced to the Brest-Litovsk fortress, and the Russians were driven to the Bug River.
The horrors of the Russian army's retreat to the Bug River were reported to General Gurko, who was in Galicia, who wrote in his memoirs: "People who have experienced several bloody battles tell me that there is no battlefield horror comparable to the horrific scenes of the expulsion of an entire people, and they do not know where to go, where to rest, to find food and shelter.
They were in fear along the way, which also indirectly increased the difficulties for the troops, especially the convoy had to pass through the crowded road, the army was forced to stop and have many fights to make the crowd give way to the troops, only God knows how much suffering is being suffered here, and how many lives will be sacrificed to the merciless god of war, Morlock (the fire god of the Philicians, sacrificed to children).
The plight encountered by the Russian army units caused extreme dissatisfaction within the entire Russian army and caused rapid expansion of all prisoner of war camps in German-occupied areas. On August 17, the day of the fall of Kovno, the number of Russian prisoners of war in the German prisoner-of-war camp exceeded 720,000, and another 700,000 were captured by the Austrians, bringing the total number of captured Russian troops to more than 1.42 million.
The conditions of detention are harsh.
In the spring and summer of 1915, typhus broke out in a prisoner-of-war camp in Galdelegen, in which 300 of the 11,000 prisoners of war fell ill and died. There was also an outbreak of typhus in the Wittenberg prisoner-of-war camp, where 15,000 Allied prisoners of war were left to their mercy and machine guns and fierce dogs at the perimeter fence until neutral countries protested. #War##Things in the history of war##历史回眸#
The whole history of World War I
