“I came here carrying an olive branch and the gun of a freedom warrior,please don't let the olive branch fall from my hand。 ”
This is the most common sentence of Arafat's life, expressing his greatest wishes. In 2004, the father of the Palestinian state, Yasser Arafat, died in Paris, and the French doctor gave the claim that it was a blood disease.
Zakhva Arafat, the only daughter of Yasser Arafat, who inherited her father's surname and bloodline, was highly suspicious of the cause of Arafat's death, believing that Arafat had been brutally killed and calling on the international community to investigate the truth about his father's death.
In 2012, Arafat's widow, Suha, and daughter Zahwa filed a complaint about Arafat's death by murder to the Nandell Court of Trial in Paris, France, and the court ordered three French judges to formally launch a judicial investigation into Arafat's death, thus unveiling a dusty past.
In 2013, Al Jazeera, based in Qatar, published a biochemical test of Arafat's remains by a Swiss research institute.
The report revealed that Arafat may have "died of radioactive polonium poisoning" in 2004, and immediately after the news came out, it caused a sensation.
Palestinians and many Arab world mouthpieces generally believed that Israel was behind the scenes, and the Hamas group in power at the time even issued an ultimatum to Israel for retaliation.
So why did Arafat's death not be solved until nine years later? What is the content of the test report of the Russian expert who took the specimen test with the Swiss research institute? Why has the test report of the French expert been delayed? How did Arafat die?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > Arafat: The Life of a Peace Prize-Winning Warrior</h1>
Whether his supporters or critics, Yasser Arafat is a symbol of the cause of Palestinian liberation and has been called "the man who is synonymous with Palestine."
For its supporters, it is the only leader who can keep palestinians hopeful and the world's attention to the situation of Palestinians.
For critics, it is a disappointing and die-hard terrorist. For many Palestinians, Arafat is both a "national treasure" and a "burden"; while he has given hope for Palestinian independence, he has also hindered Palestinian social development to some extent.
Arafat was born on August 24, 1929 in Cairo, Egypt, the son of a Palestinian businessman living in Egypt, who died 20 years later during the Arab-Israeli war.
Arafat's youth was spent in turbulent circumstances. Although he claims to have been born in Jerusalem, his Egyptian accent reveals the fact that he spent his childhood in Cairo.
From the beginning, Arafat was a strong grassroots activist. He was initially drawn to Egypt's Islamist group, the Muslim Brotherhood, but soon became determined to dedicate himself to the armed struggle of the Palestinians, calling the 1948 statehood of Israel the "Catastrophe of 1948."
At some point after 1948, Arafat secretly established the Palestine National Liberation Movement (also known as Fatah).
His work style was dramatic, and in 1953 he sent a brief letter to General Najib, the first leader after the Egyptian Revolution: "Don't forget Palestine. "The letter is said to have been written by Arafat with his own blood.
Arafat's resume shows that he served as a lieutenant in the Egyptian Army in 1956 and served in the Suez Canal and subsequent Arab-Israeli wars. "
Fatah's military apparatus, the Storm Commando, began its activities in 1965, and arafat's explosive techniques learned during the war laid the groundwork for him to serve as the leader of the Storm Commando. His mission was to wage guerrilla warfare against Israel.
After Israel destroyed Arab forces in 1967 and seized the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Fatah became the only official armed force still fighting in Israel.
In 1969, Arafat became chairman of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization. The PLO originally based in Jordan but was expelled from the country by Jordanian King Hussein after the "Black September" incident in 1970.
Arafat moved the PLO to Lebanon. In the years that followed, Palestinian militants from different factions orchestrated a number of events that shocked the world, including hijackings, bomb attacks and assassinations, including the killing of 11 Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics.
In 1982, when Israeli forces invaded Lebanon and drove out the PLO, Arafat was forced into exile in Tunisia, North Africa, thus beginning his years of isolation.
Rather, he began the isolation after the 1987 Palestinian intifada against the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza.
During the First Gulf War, he mistakenly supported Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. In September 1993, Arafat signed a peace agreement with Israeli Prime Minister Rabin at the White House, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
Under the agreement, Palestinians could exercise autonomy in the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and the town of Jericho in exchange for Palestinian recognition of the State of Israel.
But some fundamental issues remain unresolved, including Jewish settlements, Palestinian refugees and the future of Jerusalem, and the Middle East peace process remains thorny.
In 2000, the Oslo peace process took rocks and a new round of armed intifada, centred on Arafat, broke out in Gaza and the West Bank.
In December 2001, after a spate of Palestinian-instigated suicide attacks, Israeli Prime Minister Sharon besieged Arafat at his headquarters in Ramallah in the West Bank, which Sharon accused of fueling terrorism in Israel.
The picture shows the tombstone of Arafat's mausoleum at the side of the president's house in Ramallah, which is about to be excavated for autopsy
Palestinians, who have lost faith in peace, erupted in anger, and under Arafat's leadership, the Middle East fell into a cycle of violence.
In October 2004, Arafat suffered from health problems. He is said to have vomited severely at a meeting on October 27 and fainted for 10 minutes.
On 29 October, doctors from Jordan and Egypt joined the diagnostic medical team. One doctor thought he had idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), but others believed the diagnosis did not explain all his symptoms.
Following the publication of these medical reports, the Government of Israel announced that Arafat could leave his residence for medical treatment. Arafat was reluctant to leave because the Israeli Government announced that he could not return to Palestine after his departure.
The Israeli government again announced that if he left because of health problems, he would be allowed to return. On October 29, Arafat flew to Paris, France for treatment. On 11 November, he was declared dead of a blood disease.
Arafat's life is legendary and controversial. He always appeared on the international stage as a different image.
He was both a national hero and a terrorist; a Nobel Peace Prize laureate and considered a corrupt leader; he did dedicate his life to Palestine, but left behind billions of dollars in assets after his death.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" > The Mystery of Death: The "Undead Bird" middle road collapses</h1>
We know that Arafat died on November 11, 2004 at the Bercy Military Hospital in Paris, France, when the cause of death written in his medical records was due to a sudden strong myocardial infarction caused by a blood disease, and rescue was ineffective.
However, his widow Suha and daughter Zakhwa suspected from the outset that Arafat had been poisoned by Israel. They handed arafat's relics to a Swiss scientific institution for testing.
However, not knowing whether it was for religious or other reasons, Suha refused an autopsy. Because doctors at the Bercy Military Hospital in Paris were not free to be interviewed by the media, the cause of Arafat's death became a mystery.
Until 2013, Al Jazeera, the mouthpiece of the Arab world in Qatar, and the French Slate.fr jointly disclosed a report obtained by the Palestinian side on the analysis of Arafat's death on November 14, 2004, which instantly ignited the public opinion field and caused various speculations about the cause of Arafat's mysterious death.
Because there are multiple parts of the report that Arafat has obvious symptoms of poisoning such as "inflammatory appearance of intestinal infection" and "severe blood clotting".
After the analysis was disclosed by Al Jazeera, the results of the examination of Arafat's relics by the prestigious Institute of Radiation Physics in Switzerland were also exposed.
The results showed that Arafat's relics contained polonium, a radioactive substance, which proved that Arafat died of polonium poisoning.
So Suha and his daughter Zakhva therefore again submitted a complaint about Arafat's death by murder to the Nandell Court of Trial in Paris, France, and three French judges formally launched a judicial investigation into the cause of Arafat's death.
In this context, a team of experts, including experts from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lausanne in Switzerland, went to the Arafat cemetery to open Arafat's coffin, where experts sampled the remains and collected dozens of samples.
In order to find evidence for the claim that Arafat was poisoned, the items were handed over to experts in three different countries, Russia, Switzerland and France, for testing.
Subsequently, experts from the Swiss research institute Lausanne University School of Medicine, which enjoyed prestige in academia, were the first to hold a press conference on the test report, announcing that they had found more than twenty times more radioactive polonium than normal on Arafat's body and relics.
However, Arafat did not necessarily die of polonium poisoning, as Arafat's body lacked some visible traces of polonium poisoning. As a result, Swiss experts concluded that Arafat was more than 80 percent more likely to die of polonium poisoning.
Curiously, however, the report submitted by Russian experts also pointed out that Arafat may have died of poisoning, but also believed that the polonium content in Arafat's relics and bones was normal. In this regard, the experts of The Two Countries debated each other's professionalism.
Funny enough, Russian experts should have studied this element the most. Because polonium is a very difficult to refine highly toxic element discovered by Marie Curie, the annual amount of refining in the world does not exceed 100 grams, most of which comes from Russia.
In 2005, Alexander Litvi, a member of the Russian opposition, died of polonium poisoning in London, England, and in 2020, the opposition Navarrey also died of poisoning. Of course, the Russian authorities and Russian experts also denied that both died of polonium poisoning.
Due to the inconsistency between the conclusions of Switzerland and Russia, the test report of the French experts is of paramount importance, which is probably one of the reasons why the French side has delayed submitting the report despite several appeals from the Palestinian side.
Because, for the French side, we are well aware of the consequences of the report. However, France was not concerned about Arafat's case, and French prosecutors even publicly stated that there was no reason to file a case for Arafat's death, because the case did not identify the suspected murderer.
After waiting for several years, in April 2015, three French judges finally came to a conclusion about arafat's investigation into the cause of death and submitted the report to the prosecutor of the French Court of Final Appeal.
Chief Prosecutor Catherine Dennis announced that French experts had concluded that the isotopes polonium-210 and lead-210 found in Arafat's grave and in the body samples were not abnormal, and that prosecutors believed the case did not exist.
Arafat's cause of death has no objection and the case should be cancelled. But researchers at the Vaudois University Hospital Center in Lausanne, Switzerland, said a month before the results were released in France that they were 100 percent sure the cause of Arafat's death must have been poison murder and provided some evidence to support Arafat's claim that he had been poisoned to death.
Things are still confusing, conspiracy theories are rampant, it is difficult to believe that Arafat's death was not followed by international political forces, and many speculate that French personnel were forced to commit perjury because the United States is a staunch supporter of Israel.
The Palestinian Committee on related matters directly declared that Arafat must have been poisoned by Israeli Mossad. Many Palestinians have also accused Israel of causing Arafat's death, but Israel has adamantly denied it.
What are the facts? It is estimated that the world will not know.
Text/Shi HaiGuanfu