Academic sharing丨Academician Li Deyi: Artificial intelligence looks at philosophy

Abstract: This paper explores the relationship between philosophy, theology, and science, and the relationship between wisdom and intelligence. It is believed that philosophy is not science, nor is it the science of science, philosophy reflects the desire of human beings to seek knowledge, embodied in the atmosphere of doubt and criticism precipitated human civilization, becomes the ecology and belief of science, philosophy is the precursor of science, artificial intelligence is taught in philosophy, but also promotes philosophy. Nature has evolved the memory ability of the human brain, time is the cornerstone of human cognition, human thinking and machine thinking, mathematically isomorphic, physically homologous, all rely on negative entropy for life, intelligent machines and people can think, can learn, human imagination and creativity from abstraction, association and interaction ability in thinking. The matter and energy in the human body and intelligent machines are the real existence of the physical level, the structure and time are abstract thinking at the cognitive level, the structure and time parasitize on matter and energy, constitute the hard structure, the information in the machine is a large number of soft structures, embodying the imaginary world, can be parasitized on the hard configuration or other soft structures, there are virtual and real, virtual and real combination, can be bootstrapped and self-reused, there is always the next time cycle, so that the machine can "think" again, Its order shows its ability to maintain one's own thinking and produce orderly events. Matter and spirit, hard and soft, metaphysical and metaphysical, are two sides of the same coin. The more developed artificial intelligence, the more developed human intelligence, interdependence, iterative development, endless cognition leads to endless creation.

Keywords: negative entropy, self-reuse, hard structure, soft structure, cognitive four elements theory

To say where philosophy came from and where it goes, we have to start with ancient philosophy [1]. There is no strict distinction between ancient philosophy and science, and the rich imagination of human beings led to a long period of witchcraft, religion, theology, and then philosophy, which was first an intuitive thinker, and then a science, which sprouted and grew in a harmful jungle - a jungle of witchcraft and superstition, which has had a positive significance for human progress, but also repeatedly destroys the seedlings of knowledge [2]. During the Renaissance, science gradually parted ways with philosophy, and arithmetic, geometry, surveying, mechanics, kinematics, dynamics, physics, etc. developed rapidly. Therefore, the previous philosophers were often mathematicians and physicists, intertwined, until now, graduate students for doctorates, but also collectively known as the doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.), the English word philosophy "philosophy" is derived from Greek, "philo" is love, "ophia" is wisdom.

When I was young, I read Chairman Mao's "On Contradiction," "On Practice," and "Where Does Man's Correct Thinking Come From," and I admired Mao Zedong's philosophical thought. I used to think that philosophy is the whole of the mind and the universe, supreme. Later, I participated in philosophy classes many times, read books and read philosophy from the perspective of history and science, and gained a lot of new understanding. The original higher education, learning philosophy must be called Greek, generally did not talk about Mao Zedong's works in philosophy classes, read the philosophy of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Leibniz, Kant, and did not mention the Eastern sages Confucius and Wang Yangming. Science has made us more and more aware of the truth that limited by human senses, environment and range of activities, human perception is far from full reality, the power of the universe and personal wishes and happiness are originally irrelevant, and it is impossible to know whether the physical world is what people know. Before the birth of higher creatures, the universe already existed, the history of human civilization existed for about 10,000 years, and there were written records of only more than 5,000 years, if the history of the earth was compared to 4.5 billion years as a day, single-celled microorganisms existed for 3.5 billion years, equivalent to 18 hours, Homo sapiens existed for 500,000 years, which was equivalent to 10 seconds, and the history of human civilization was only equivalent to 0.2 seconds [3]. In the future, without humans, other creatures and the universe could still exist. In this way, the horizons are much broadened.

Descartes said, I think, therefore I am, referring to cognitive space; To paraphrase Descartes, you and I don't think, it's all there, referring to the physical world. Philosophy is the understanding of the physical world by human beings in their own cognitive space.

Philosophy is not a science, nor is it the science of science

Philosophy has long been in a chaotic state of animism, and some people believe that philosophy is the top of all disciplines, but there has been no clear object of study. Philosophy was originally a purely speculative, metaphysical, "useless" learning that transcended practical purposes; And mathematics, physics, chemistry, life sciences, medicine, botany, zoology, anthropology, environmental science, social sciences, literature, history, art, music, etc. have clear research objects, to explain and solve practical problems, but philosophy does not, philosophy is not a skill to make a living, college graduates who study philosophy often cannot find a job is proof. Science and technology focus on applying what you have learned and constantly opening up new subject areas. So, strictly speaking, philosophy is not a sub-discipline of science, which is the consensus of many people, and of course some people do not necessarily agree.

Science is a general term for disciplines, which are essentially divided into disciplines. Science is always approaching the truth, and the process of approaching continues to accumulate, there will be twists and turns, there are crossovers between disciplines, and there are more breaks and gaps, that is, science itself also leaves a lot of unknown disciplines and discipline division problems, for example, in the Chinese education circle, the debate on whether intelligent science is a first-level discipline has been a long-term problem, and only now there is a consensus. However, if the discipline is packed in three large baskets of material science, life sciences and social science, the intelligent discipline cannot be put in any basket, it may be a zero-level subject, and the same is true for mathematics. Some people say that philosophy is the higher order of science. The velocity of velocity is acceleration, dynamics is the higher order of kinematics, the knowledge of knowledge is meta-knowledge, and philosophy can not actually withstand this higher-order role of science. As human beings know more, they seem to know more, and philosophy focuses on learning to know, only truth.

Second, philosophy is the precursor of science, and artificial intelligence is taught in philosophy and also promotes philosophy

Perhaps it is more accurate to say that philosophy is the precursor of science, and culture and civilization are the precursor of philosophy. Philosophy is the enlightenment of science, and may pave the way for new disciplines in the future, setting some boundaries and premises.

Some people say that the fundamental proposition of philosophy is "Who am I?" What do I want? Where do I go? With the rapid development of science and technology, scientists and engineers may not take the words of the philosophers seriously, and it is difficult to say whether philosophy is the base camp at the bottom of science or the peak of science. The study of abstract relationships between all objects Volume 13 No. 2 2023 125 is not philosophy, but generally accepted should be science, especially mathematics. Philosophers often use logical methods and mathematical thinking methods to argue philosophical problems, and mathematics has become the queen of science. The truth of mathematics is also reflected in its rigorous logic, which is called no logic and no mathematics. This also explains why most of the mathematicians in ancient Greece were philosophers, and ancient Greek philosophy and even Western philosophy were based on rigorous logical deductive reasoning. For a long time, scientists and engineers from the East and the West looked up to the sky, down-to-earth, step by step, more and more disciplines were born, to the modern age, science, technology and engineering gradually swallowed the territory of philosophy, the universe was replaced by astrophysics, the atomism of philosophy was replaced by material science, physics, chemistry, logic was replaced by mathematics, consciousness and mind were replaced by theology, religion, life science, anthropology, cosmology, outlook on life, values, ethics were replaced by political science, economics, sociology, The philosophy department of the university has almost been replaced by the department of politics or the faculty of humanities, and intelligence has been replaced by the science of mind, neuroscience, cognitive science, artificial intelligence. So far, there seems to be no discipline waiting for philosophy to summarize and summarize it. Therefore, the former philosophy is old, Hawking even said that "philosophy is dead", like an onion, after being peeled off layer by layer, the inside is empty, some people have to say that philosophy is to rule by doing nothing, in the face of science, philosophy seems to have become a belief. To say that philosophy is still the precursor of science, there are not many things that can be "guided". In short, the development of science makes people no longer mysterious and worshipful of philosophy, but artificial intelligence needs the enlightenment of philosophy, how to learn to know, so that intelligent machines can extend people's desire for intelligence, enhance imagination, through learning, through continuous interaction with people, teach machine learning, train machine thinking, so that machine cognition can be aligned with human imagination, mission alignment, cognition can grow itself.

Philosophy reflects the human desire for knowledge, and endless cognition leads to endless creation

Nature has given human beings more desire than wisdom, which is forced by natural selection, survival of the fittest, and natural evolution in survival and reproduction [4], and "seeking knowledge", "seeking truth" and "seeking beauty" are the innate desires of human beings. Thought arises when man questions everything in the world; When human beings question and reflect on their own thoughts, philosophy arises, I think therefore I am, and thinking is me.

1. Natural evolution laid the biological foundation for the rich human imagination

Natural evolution does not pay too much attention to human beings, so how did human beings suddenly stand in the global hegemony in such a short period of time? Look at how ospreys fish, bees build nests, colonies dig burrows, spiders weave webs, tigers move and catch, chimpanzees create and use tools, and their embodied intelligence is amazing to humans. Compared with other biological intelligence, the human eye can only see visible light, the human ear cannot hear ultrasound, the ability of pets to identify owners may exceed that of owners to identify pets, and the essence of natural evolution is the diversity of species. So, what is special about human evolution?

After tens of millions of years of human evolution, human beings evolved from early reptiles to upright walking apes, freed their hands, learned to make tools and labored, compared with other creatures, humans have a pair of dexterous hands, creating many hard structures; Secondly, human vocal cord pronunciation and cochlear hearing are fine and magical, strong language ability, and can also use complex and exquisite speech to distinguish who is speaking; More importantly, human beings have a complex brain, first of all, the brainstem part, which is the core of the entire body regulation, and conscious, when evolving to mammals there are emotions, on the basis of the consciousness area and the emotional area, the outer cortex of the brain is violently long, the volume is about 300cm3, its surface area is 2200-2850cm2, containing nearly 100 billion active nerve cells [5], naturally evolved the memory ability of the human brain, time is the cornerstone of human cognition, human beings have a biological basis for rich imagination and creativity— Hard construction. There are only 3 billion base pairs in human genes, genes determine the connection rules or patterns of neurons, and do not specify the connection strength of neurons, while the human brain has about 86 billion neurons, no neuron is lonely, on average each neuron has about 1,000 connections, so genes cannot fully specify the connection method and strength of each neuron. The evolution of the above three aspects leaves room for acquired human language learning, imagination development and remodeling, creating many soft structures. Compared with other creatures, natural selection, natural selection, and survival of the fittest form a complex and exquisite human brain, at the cost of taking a long time to evolve, and it is a generation replacement of life and death for tens of millions of years. The abstraction, association and interaction ability in "seeking knowledge", "seeking truth" and "seeking beauty" come from the imitation in early human evolution, especially the cerebral cortex that relies on violent growth, and gradually human imagination becomes more and more developed, becoming a unique embodied intelligence of human beings, and separated from the characteristics of living bodies such as consciousness, extending to exist alone outside the body, expanding into artificial intelligence [6].

2. Imagination derives from abstraction, association, and interaction in the thought process

In the process of human evolution, the earliest body language and imitation learning were image thinking, often expressed in the form of audiovisual interactive cognition. More importantly, the memory ability of the human brain has naturally evolved, and the various simple or complex graphics, words and symbols created by human beings can become long-term memories in the human brain through learning, and abstraction, association and interaction become the core of thinking. Therefore, in the cognitive space, logical thinking can be completed through computational intelligence and memory intelligence, which is also what we often call "rational spirit"; In the physical space, embodied interaction is achieved through perceptual intelligence and behavioral intelligence. There is a constant cycle between physical space and cognitive space. It includes two important perceptions in physical space, space-time recognition and pattern recognition, and space-time recognition represents location, navigation and time synchronization; Pattern recognition includes target recognition, face recognition, etc., and is direct perception. Learning is the ability to interpret and solve preset problems. Presupposition problems are a subset of real problems, are recognized, and when problems are solved, knowledge is formed, formalized, and passed on to generations through education. Machines can accept guided learning, can also learn independently, turn the unknown into knowable, is the basis for explaining and solving new problems, explain and solve real problems is the purpose of learning, the two promote each other. Only after explaining and solving the preset problem, the ability to solve and explain the real problem will be enhanced, so to solve the four problems of "where", "how", "why" and "what", cognitive space is not only a warehouse for memory knowledge, but also a sky for imagination.

It is recalled that the tools invented by humans in the Stone Age and the Agricultural Age have matter and structure, and the structure is directly parasitic on the material to form a hard structure. Human abstraction ability is to remove the rough and refined, to fake and preserve the truth, so that it has a general and universal nature, forming people's abstraction in cognitive space. For example, we can easily identify the very different letter structure A written by different people on paper, and use the denotative concept "chair" in cognitive space to exhaust the physical chair that exists in physical space. Without matter, structures cannot exist independently in physical space. The time it took to make today's knives from primitive stones was measured in hundreds of thousands of years, and the structure and material of physical space were inseparable. It can be seen that hard structures can never be simply equated with matter, and the structure parasitic on matter is indispensable, which is the embodiment of the unique imagination of human beings. The tools of the farming era were not machines, let alone life, and human beings borrowed it to extend their physical strength.

In the industrial age, the "energy" element was added to the machine. Matter, structure and energy constitute the "three-element theory of power machine". Structures parasitize directly on matter and energy, forming hard structures that make them move. For example, in 1657, the Dutch watchmaker Koster built the first pendulum clock, which relied on matter, energy and structure to keep running. In the industrial age, human beings borrowed power machines to extend or expand human physical strength, and human beings became very powerful, but machines could not think.

Machines in the intelligent era are different, and we propose the "cognitive four-element theory" in the intelligent era. A new element has been added to the basis of matter, energy, and structure: time. Time is not an objective existence of the physical world, there is no absolute time in the universe, the tissue of neurons in the human brain lays the biological basis for the formation of memories of different durations, and human beings themselves invented the concept of time [7].

Machine cognition and human cognition are isomorphic, and there are matter, energy, structure and time in the human body and machine. Matter and energy are the real existence of the physical level, structure and time are abstract thinking at the cognitive level, using structure to express the topological form and deformation of matter in space, using time to express the movement and change of matter, as well as the flow and transmission of energy, there is no time in the universe, people subjectively define a year is the earth revolving around the sun. There is only movement and change in the universe, there is no absolute time, the structure and time parasitize on matter and energy to become hard structures, the information in the machine is a large number of soft structures, just like the thinking and spirit expressed by people in cognitive space, they parasitize on hard structures or other existing soft structures, can be self-guided, that is, self-lifting, can self-reuse, that is, recursion. Time gives the machine an order of activity, so with thought, the mind can "move". The order of machines shows the ability to maintain itself and produce ordered events, both cognitively and behaviorally.

3. Self-growth of machine cognition

Ignoring the mechanism by which cognitive machines can interact, learn, and grow on their own loses the most important key to understanding cognitive machines. The human brain uses three memory partitions to express memory at different intervals, the principle of incompatibility of memory leads to the division of labor in memory areas, leading to abstraction and association, abstraction brings classification or clustering, association brings analogy or migration, human beings understand the past and present through abstraction and association, and imagine the future. Otherwise, human beings would not have the concept of time, and therefore there would be no history and civilization, and they would only live forever in the present, like many other creatures. Memory precedes computation, constraint computation. Human thinking and machine thinking, mathematical isomorphism, physical homology, all rely on negative entropy for their lives. In the final analysis, it relies on energy to achieve iteration and recursion, thinking can be bootstrapped, cognition is iteratively increasing, and it is recursively executed [5].

Thus, the four-element machine can be used as a carrier of thinking. There is matter, energy, structure and time in the machine, the clock depends on energy, time depends on the clock, and order depends on time. The soft configuration parasitizes on the hard body, the machine bootstraps itself to realize thinking automation, self-reuse realizes cognitive self-growth, the machine runs by the program, the program relies on the timing, the software relies on interaction, the timing and interaction produce negative entropy, and the machine lives on negative entropy. The cognitive machine consists of four elements: matter, energy, structure, and time. Structure and time parasitize on the matter and energy of physical space, forming a hard structure; The soft structure in cognitive space, parasitic on the hard structure or other existing soft components, has a hierarchical nature, constitutes a rich, multi-scale concept, message, information and knowledge, through association, can form analogies, can also be verified in physical space. For example, every expression in our daily conversation is an association, thinking keeps jumping, removing any irrelevant surface details, abstracting the essence of the structure, soft construction, and making associations, or analogies, this is the mystery of thinking, thinking is me.

Fourth, artificial intelligence should use human intelligence to boost the imagination of machines

1. Demystify the human spirit

Both human cognition and machine cognition depend on negative entropy to maintain order. There is perception, cognition, behavior, interaction, learning, self-growth, only memory can maintain cognitive continuity, computing is not the only activity of cognition, memory priority calculation. The cognitive machine can be implanted with a hard structure that reflects the natural evolution of the "young children's cognitive nucleus", on which there are rich, multi-scale soft structures parasitic, forming thinking, the order of the machine shows the ability to maintain itself and produce ordered events, use the soft structure to precisely regulate matter and energy, work in a coordinated and orderly manner, realize the control of the machine's embodied behavior through interaction, according to the requirements of the specific field of work, the cognitive machine is normalized and diversified Turing testing and training, self-programming, self-correction, self-improvement, Unleash and expand human intelligence in interactions and iterations. On the one hand, the speed of sensors and thinking configured by the cognitive machine will no longer be limited by the extreme values of the biochemical parameters of living organisms, and brute force computing and violent thinking will be carried out through multi-channel cross-modal perception. On the other hand, people have rich imagination and creativity, through real-time interaction, control the machine to achieve mission alignment, cognitive machine has no consciousness, to let people play human intelligence, machine to play machine intelligence, use memory to constrain calculation, each wisdom, the wisdom of sapiens, inclusive, perfect multiple cognition. Human intelligence and machine intelligence complement each other, forming iterative intelligence at a supernatural rate of evolution, which also partially eliminates the mystery of the human spirit, especially human concerns about machine consciousness, human beings borrow machines that can recognize, extend or expand human intelligence, and penetrate into power machines, human beings to answer how cognitive machines create new thinking.

Human beings invented cognitive machines, and we talk to each other, artificial intelligence assists people to prove mathematically, engineering design and text writing, such as using Word, PowerPoint, EXCEL and a series of office tools, to assist people to generate various documents, we have become accustomed to it, now it is time for artificial intelligence to assist people in content generation, such as ChatGPT. GPT and a series of intellectual tools such as WORD, PowerPoint, and EXCEL can be automatically converted and iteratively developed, greatly releasing and expanding human mental work.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence is profoundly changing the way of human production, lifestyle and way of thinking, and no discipline needs to deal with philosophy more than artificial intelligence. Past AI scholars used to dismiss criticisms of consciousness and existence from the philosophical community, dismissing them as mere layman's jargon. Artificial intelligence studies the separation of intelligence and consciousness, studies the formalization of cognition, the basic mode of thinking, and the self-growth of intelligence, and cognitive machines can have self-correcting intelligence, but do not reflect on their own consciousness. For example, Turing asked "Can machines think?" "I want to replace human thinking with machines. Feng Youlan said in the introduction to the book "New History of Chinese Philosophy": "Philosophy is the reflection of the human spirit, which in turn thinks about itself as the object. [8] That is to say, philosophy is the study of how people introspect themselves, that is, to know them with their own thinking as the object, as long as the advanced order of thinking or cognition (thinking thinking, cognitive cognition) is clear, you can create a thinking machine, which is exactly what the new generation of artificial intelligence is currently trying to do: developing cognitive machines that can interact, learn, and grow. Before humans can explain how inorganic matter spontaneously transforms into life, the robot is personified, anthropomorphized, and forcefully endowed with consciousness, emotion, faith, life and moral requirements to the machine, discussing whether the machine will lie, whether it has its own confusion, whether it understands poetry, beauty, romance and love, it can only be human beings themselves.

The soul torture of the ship of Theseus[9], "Who am I", is like hoping that the sculpture will come alive, but it is only a self-inflicted trouble of mankind. The ship of Theseus, which parasitizes the structure of the ship on matter, is a hard structure, a means of transport composed of two elements, no longer a pile of pure material materials, and the tools need to be repaired to prevent aging. If a diesel or gasoline engine is installed on the ship, or even relying on nuclear power, forming a machine composed of three elements of matter, energy and structure, when the Theseus boat sails, it can greatly release and expand human physical strength, but this Theseus boat still has no thinking ability, and does not know where to go next, because there is no time in the machine. If there is a clock on the boat, with time, with the four elements of matter, energy, structure and time, able to perceive the surrounding environment, with positioning sensors, with machine driving brains and other soft components, this boat will become a thinking machine, can think about what to do next, with abstraction, association and interaction capabilities, can automatically reach the destination, this unmanned Theseus boat has intelligence. Even with interactive, learning, and self-correcting intelligence, cognitive self-growth has been achieved, but there is still no self-reflective consciousness, not artificial life, there is no need to torture its soul, just as there is no need to torture the soul of ChatGPT today, they are not conscious.

2. Negation is more universal than affirmation

Regardless of the discipline, the root question of any academic conclusion will always come down to some unprovable and most basic assumptions, that is, axioms as a framework or boundary to ensure self-consistency. Axioms are often obvious, intuitive assumptions that are the cornerstones of the discipline. That is to say, the truth of the discipline is relative, and the broader the boundary, the more universal the truth. The natural world we need to know does not exist quietly, immutably, and tangibly, but is generated, moved, changed, disappeared, transformed. Thus, Gödel's incompleteness theorem[10] makes a particular contribution to philosophy, telling us that negation is more universal than affirmation, that the limitations or incompleteness of human cognition, the incompleteness of all formal systems, must be rooted in the incompleteness of its creator. Any professional discipline, whether mathematics, poetry, music, needs natural language as its background language, human natural language for thinking may not be strictly self-consistent, but weak unity, even if it is a split brain. Natural language is the carrier of human thinking and the metalanguage of all disciplines, including mathematics. Natural language is not complete, has no clear boundaries, and has uncertainty in context, pragmatics, grammar, and semantics. Perhaps one day, the boundaries of the entire science are set according to philosophy, and no discipline needs to deal with philosophy more than artificial intelligence, and use natural language to expand the boundaries of human cognition with the times, normalizing the already universally recognized dialogue Turing test and pushing it to the normalization of embodied Turing testing, such as driverless cars. This is the age of intelligence we live in.

Philosophy is anthropology and wisdom. People often say that the three views, the cosmology is astrophysics, vast planets, interactions, can be recognized; The outlook on life is natural evolution, natural selection, survival of the fittest; Values are human society, I am for everyone, everyone is for me, human rights are equal, and a common destiny. The three views are faith, not science. Some people may wonder, since all mathematical conclusions are based on axioms that cannot be proved, does that mean that mathematics is not a science, but a belief? Mathematics is undoubtedly science, and mathematics recognizes from the height of philosophy that rigorous reasoning must be based on more fundamental conclusions, which should be proven or correct by default as axioms. Some of the basic axioms in mathematics are the solid foundations of the mathematical edifice, and it is naturally a belief to recognize the axiom system that cannot be proved. Mathematics pursues truth under a given axiom system, constantly revealing new relationships, exploring new problems, and finding new solutions. In a sense, this is a belief, just as many scientists firmly believe that this vast universe can be known and explained. This is also a belief that cannot be proven [11].

Philosophy touches the soul, knowing that we still don't know, only to arouse human desire for knowledge, embody human civilization precipitated by human beings in an atmosphere of doubt and criticism, become ecology and belief, the connotation of philosophy is often given by people, not fixed, so there are too many schools, each knows its own, difficult to unify, and there is no need to unify. The five-yearly World Congress of Philosophy always speaks in different words, and most of them add qualifiers before "philosophy", such as Marxist philosophy, Wittgenstein philosophy, philosophy of language, analytic philosophy, systems philosophy, engineering philosophy, artificial intelligence philosophy, Eastern philosophy, etc., which are very divergent, and are the interaction of hard and soft structures in the cognitive spiral. The value of philosophy does not lie in reaching a consensus, but in providing human freedom of exploration and pluralistic thinking, natural evolution has created human abstraction, association and interaction ability, which is the root of human imagination, endless cognition leads to endless imagination, endless imagination leads to endless creation, theologians create gods to dominate the universe, philosophers inspire human thinking with philosophy, mathematicians invent mathematics to explain the world, artificial intelligence scientists strip away life consciousness, Inventing machine intelligence and striving to penetrate into power machines, the truth, goodness and beauty that artists use their works to inspire human beings are all human imagination and creation, and the small earth cannot be contained.

4 million years of human evolution, forming genetic superiority, breaking away from barbarism, inventing tools; For 3 million years, humans have developed linguistic superiority; 6,000 years ago, human beings invented writing and education, forming the advantage of cultural civilization and becoming the first cognitive revolution; In the past 500 years, the use of matter and energy, the invention of machines, the formation of scientific and technological advantages, the liberation of human physical strength, greatly expanded the physical space of human activities, become the second cognitive revolution; In the past 100 years, more sensors and intelligent machines have been invented, liberating human intelligence, forming intelligent advantages, and human beings have entered the third cognitive revolution [12]. Matter, energy, structure and time are the four core elements of human cognition, and they are also the four core elements of machine cognition, and more soft structures are added to the cognitive machine.

The history of human cognition is the history of relentless pursuit of cognitive certainty, driven by desire, while from time to time the uncertainty of cognition is manifested [13]. The human species has evolved for a long time in the universe, although it is not possible to change by the subjective efforts of a certain generation or several generations themselves, and it is difficult to predict, change and determine the direction of its own evolution, but the human civilization that human beings have occurred and continue to advance, the agricultural revolution, industrial revolution and cognitive revolution that have occurred and continue to advance, they develop in parallel, one after another, the tools invented by humans in the Stone Age and the agricultural age, are not machines; The machines invented by humans in the era of the Industrial Revolution did not yet know how to think; Today we can already invent cognitive machines that interact, learn, and grow on their own. The iterative development of human intelligence and artificial intelligence has enabled human beings to move from barbarism to civilization at the speed of supernatural evolution, from earlier "foragers" to "growers", "laborers" and "builders", and today will further leap to "creators".

A long-term dream of human beings is to replace and extend human physical and mental power with machines, expand human physical strength and intelligence, be invincible to the world, fearless of saints, this is the intelligent era we are in. The development of human civilization and the development of philosophy should allow people to give play to human wisdom, machines to exert machine intelligence, each wisdom, wisdom and wisdom, use human wisdom to cultivate machine imagination and creativity, and use the results of machine violent thinking to feed back to human beings and iterative development.

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Artificial Intelligence Views Philosophy

LI De-yi

(Academy of Military Sciences)

Abstract:This paper explores the relationship between philosophy and science,and the relationshipbetween wisdom and intelligence;it argues that philosophy is not science,nor is it a science of science,that philosophy reflects the human desire to know,that it embodies human civilization precipitated in an atmosphere of doubt and criticism,that it becomes the ecology and faith of science, that philosophy isthe precursor of science,that artificial intelligence is taught by philosophy,and that it also fuelsphilosophy. Nature has evolved the memory capacity of the human brain, time is the cornerstone ofhuman cognition, human thinking, and machine thinking,mathematically isomorphic,and physicallyhomogeneous,both rely on negative entropy for survival,intelligent machines,and people can think andlearn,human imagination and creativity from the abstraction,association,and interaction ability in thinking. The matter and energy in the human body and intelligent machines are the real existence at thephysical level, the structure and time are the abstract thought at the cognitive level,and the structure andtime are parasitic on the matter and energy, constituting the hard structure,the information in themachine is a large number of soft structures, embodying the imaginary world,can be parasitic on thehard structure or other soft structures,there is a combination of reality and imaginary,can be self-expressed and selfreuse,there is always the next time cycle so that the machine can "think" again,itsorder shows the ability to maintain its own thinking and generate orderly events. The two sides of thesame coin are matter and spirit,hard and soft,metaphysical and metaphysical. The more developedartificial intelligence,the more developed human brain intelligence,interdependence,iterative development,and endless cognition lead to endless creation.

Keywords:negative entropy,self-reuse,hard-structured-ware,soft-structure-ware,four elements ofcognition

Li Deyi

Introduction: Researcher of the Academy of Military Sciences of the People's Liberation Army of Chinese People's Liberation Army, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, academician of the International Eurasian Academy of Sciences, and honorary chairman of the Chinese Engineering Intelligence Society. His research interests include computer engineering, uncertain artificial intelligence, data mining and intelligent driving, and machine cognition.

Source: Science and Society

Responsible editor: He Hongpeng