Summer fruits, really a lot. For example, watermelon that is so sweet that it explodes, and mango that is golden and tempting and sweet...
Summer milk tea is really tempting. Lixia iced tea, Dongpo lychee raw coconut dew, Zhizhi fleshy peach... Just hearing the name makes me want to drink it.
The bitterness of life does need sugar to neutralize it, but if you drink too much sweet fruits and milk tea, will you get diabetes?
Source: Soogif
More than seventy percent of type 2 diabetes is eaten
First of all, we need to be clear: diabetes and sweets are not necessarily linked.
Many people may wonder: then why does the urine of diabetics contain sugar?
This is because after normal people eat sugar, the body will quickly use sugar for energy or storage, so the blood sugar concentration quickly drops below the kidney sugar threshold.
After diabetics eat sugar, the body can neither use sugar nor store sugar, but let it come to the kidneys with the blood. At this time, the blood sugar content of diabetic patients is much more than that of normal people, and it is easy to exceed the kidney glucose threshold, causing glycosuria.
And this body that regulates blood sugar is called insulin. When the secretion of insulin in the human body is insufficient, or the secretion of insulin is impaired, and the sugar ingested cannot be broken down and used in time, a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia - diabetes will occur.
The etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes are very complex, in general, it is the result of genetic factors, environmental factors, autoimmune factors, etc., and dietary habits are one of the important influencing factors.
In April, a study published in Nature covering 184 countries around the world found that about seventy percent of type 2 diabetes worldwide is caused by poor diets, mainly insufficient intake of whole grains and excessive intake of refined grains and processed meats. On the mainland, about 75% of type 2 diabetes is attributed to poor diet.
Source: Nature medicine
The findings suggest that poor carbohydrate quality (excessive intake of refined rice and wheat, insufficient intake of whole grains) is a major factor in type 2 diabetes caused by poor diets worldwide.
Of the 11 dietary factors covered in the study, 6 harmful dietary factors include:
refined rice and wheat, processed meat, unprocessed red meat, sugary drinks, potatoes, fruit juices;
5 protective dietary factors include:
Whole grains, yogurt, fruits, non-starchy vegetables, nuts, and seeds.
The key mechanism by which obesity leads to diabetes has been found
Eating sweets doesn't necessarily lead to diabetes, but obesity does. Previous studies have confirmed that the prevalence of diabetes increases significantly in people who are chronically obese. It can be said that the longer obesity occurs, the greater the chance of developing diabetes.
The progression from obesity to diabetes is usually manifested by obesity→ impaired glucose tolerance→ type 2 diabetes→ uncontrollable hyperglycemia→ complications of diabetes→ disability, and death.
But how does obesity cause diabetes? There has been no answer to what the molecular mechanism of the disease is.
A study published in Cell Metabolism uncovered a key clue: Defects in the APT1 enzyme are prevalent in people at high risk of diabetes, which leads to impaired processing of key fatty acids that can lead to diabetes.
Source: Cell Metabolism
When a person has too much fat in their body, it sends signals to the islet β cells to stimulate the islet β cells to secrete more insulin. When insulin levels are maintained at high levels, the body becomes resistant to insulin, eventually impairing the function of the islets β cells that secrete insulin, leading to diabetes.
Studies have found that people at risk of diabetes generally lack the APT1 enzyme needed to remove palmitic acid from β cells. By genetically modifying the mice so that they lacked the APT1 enzyme, it was found that these gene-edited mice developed diabetes.
The research team believes that by increasing the activity of the APT1 enzyme, it may be possible to reverse the palmitoylation process and reduce the likelihood of developing diabetes in high-risk people.
Schematic diagram of APT1 enzyme affecting insulin secretion Source: Cell Metabolism
Clay F. Semenkovich, a professor at the University of Washington School of Medicine and the leader of the study, said: "If we can intervene before patients actually develop diabetes, we may help many people avoid related health problems." ”
This finding not only contributes to the understanding of the pathogenesis of diabetes, but also provides high-risk populations with a target for potential treatments to prevent or delay diabetes.
Reference sources:
[1]https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1550413122005496?via%3Dihub
[2]https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1004149
[3]https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-01-nitrite-additives-diabetes.html
[4]https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/UJbqQsqa7qUYdUlXmBgy4w
[5]https://www.sohu.com/a/631881015_162758?spm=smpc.tag-page.fd-news.2.1674046800011DA5oXoZ
[6]http://health.people.cn/n/2015/0908/c21471-27556596.html
[7]http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2020-11/14/c_1126738536.htm
[8]https://www.who.int/zh/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes
[9] Incident type 2 diabetes attributable to suboptimal diet in 184 countries