The white colt has passed the gap, and the year of the ugly ox has passed seven or eight out of ten. In mythology, Niu was an errand official in front of the Jade Emperor's Palace, often traveling back and forth between the Heavenly Palace and the earth, and once was ordered to go to the human world to plant grass, and when he did not do anything well, he was demoted to the mortal world by the Jade Emperor and worked as a coolie for the farmer forever.
Zhu Bingren Copper "Fu Niu DingShi"
However, humans have always regarded cattle as friends. In the West, the Israelites used to build golden calves out of gold to worship as the image of Jehovah God. Until now, Hua'er Street cattle are still the totem of the financial bull market. In Chinese culture, the cow is a symbol of wealth and luck, and in the zodiac culture, there is a great merit of "the rat opens the sky and the ugly cow opens the ground". In the Zhou Yi, it is said: "Kun is an ox. Wang Bi's "Shu" mentions, "Kun Xiangdi, the task is heavy and smooth, so it is a cow." "It can be seen that the status of the cattle is so high.
Wall Street Copper Bull
Ancient painters have many works depicting cattle, with diverse themes, such as riding, ploughing, bullfighting, herding, etc. In the Portrait Stone of the Han Dynasty, there are many images such as "cattle cultivation map" and "cattle breeding map", and the Dunhuang murals also have the "cattle cultivation map" painted by the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty Liang Lingzhan's "Five Stars and Twenty-Eight Divine Figures", the cow, as a deity, is the representative of Saturn. And the bull riding diagram, the Ming Dynasty Zhang Lu's "Lao Tzu Riding Bull Drawing" can be represented. In the "Atlas of Cultivation and Weaving" painted by the Qing Dynasty painter Chen Ming, the cultivating cattle walked between heaven and earth, and the steps were woven into the most beautiful pictures. The Southern Song Dynasty Li Di's "Wind and Rain Return to Pastoral Map" collected by the National Palace Museum in Taipei, the shepherd boy riding a bull and playing a horizontal flute, is very vivid, and the material ability of the painters of the Song Dynasty Painting Academy has reached its peak.
Ming Dynasty Zhang Lu "Lao Tzu Riding a Bull"
Among the various "cow" paintings, the one with the highest real flow must be the Tang Dynasty's "Five Bulls". For more than a thousand years, fans have praised it as a proper "net red", and there are fourteen inscriptions on the scrolls, such as Zhao Zhao, Zhao Mengfu, Sun Hong, Xiang Yuanbian, Hongli, and Jin Nong. The "Famous Paintings of the Tang Dynasty" praised, "Can paint the customs of the Tian family, characters, buffalo, and do their best." Zhao Mengfu, a great painter of the Yuan Dynasty, inscribed, "The five bulls are full of spirits, and the famous pen of Xi Shi is also." "Southern Song Dynasty Lu Youzan paintings," Every time I saw the village children herding cattle among the wind forest tobacco, I felt that I was in the picture, and I looked forward to resigning from the official and returning to The Li. ”
Tang Dynasty Han Di "Five Bull Diagram"
With a history of more than 1,300 years, "Five Bulls" is one of the few authentic works of paper painting handed down from the Tang Dynasty, which is extremely precious. The five cows in the picture have their own forms, do not rely on the background background, completely take the cow as the expression image, the bones and bones are in place, even the fluff at the mouth and nose of the cow is meticulous, and the eyes are shining as if the cow painting is alive, which is enough to represent the superb achievements of animal painting in the Tang Dynasty.
Tang Dynasty Han Di's "Five Bull Diagram" part
Who made this famous painting? Tang Dynasty Han Di. Born in 723, Han Washi was the son of Taishi Han Xiu and the official chancellor. As the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, why did he paint the "Five Bulls Diagram"? Still painted so well, even became "China's top ten famous paintings"?
Looking at the article "New Book of Tang and the Biography of Han Di", we can see that it is roughly: "Although the prime minister is the prime minister, the clothes are yiyi, and it is easy to change in ten years." Shelter from the wind and rain. "Although he is the son of the prime minister, he does not like extravagance, his life is simple and simple, and his clothes and daily necessities are only changed once in ten years." In the hot summer, Han Di actually did not use a fan, and the burrow he lived in could be described as a family with four walls, and he could only shelter from the wind and rain. After Han Di became a minister, he did not change his nature, observed the lives of the peasants, and cared about the development of agriculture. Han Di's painting of cattle not only shows the confidence of his painting skills, but also reflects the feelings of the people.
But Han Di can paint a cow, you can draw one or two heads, why should you draw five heads? There is another way to say it. The great yuan dynasty painter Zhao Mengfu said that Han Di painted this "Five Bulls Diagram" to borrow the story of Tao Jinghong and Emperor Wu of Liang. Tao Hongjing once used the metaphor of an ox to tell Emperor Wu of Liang in cryptic words that he was still willing to be a free-range cow after all. In the Five Bulls, the first cow is tied to a rope, and it can be seen that it is unpleasant and unfree to be bound. The next four cows, some spitting out their tongues, some holding their heads high, some turning back, some rubbing, and their postures were leisurely and self-satisfied. We can see that the five cows not only have life and feelings, but Han Di also borrows them to express his attitude of life that he does not want to be an official and yearns for freedom.
This painting has always been very popular in history, and the Qianlong Emperor's three inscriptions "Five Bull Diagrams" have also set up a spring lotus hall in order to ensure its eternal peace. Until 1900, the Eight-Power Alliance sacked the Forbidden City, and the "Five Bulls" was robbed abroad, and there was no news.
At the beginning of 1950, the "Five Bulls" was bought by the Hong Kong entrepreneur Wu Yusun, who knew that he could not keep it intact and decided to sell the "Five Bulls". When Premier Zhou Enlai learned of this news, he immediately gave instructions to "rescue the national treasure at any cost." The Ministry of Culture immediately organized experts to go to Hong Kong to identify the "Five Bulls Map" as Indeed Han Di's original work. After mediation by many parties, this rare treasure from more than 1,000 years ago was finally purchased for HK$60,000 and allocated to the collection of the Palace Museum.
Zhu Bingren Copper "Five Bulls Jifu"
When the experts at the Palace Museum opened the painting, the painting was already full of holes, scarred, and the paper was somewhat damaged. Sun Chengzhi, a cultural relics restoration expert at the Palace Museum, presided over the restoration, and this national treasure was intact.
Zhu Bingren Copper "Five Bulls"
As a cultural and creative consultant of the Palace Museum and a fan of "Five Bulls", I created "Five Bulls Jifu" and opened a sequel to it. I "walked" the five cows off the mulberry paper to become a three-dimensional sculpture and gave them as gifts to the foreign heads of state who belonged to the cattle. In the Jianting Square of the Forbidden City, a group of sculptures of five cows the size of real cows are also displayed, and another group is displayed on Wangfujing Street in Beijing, and tourists who go to Beijing always have to touch it and dip the blessings of five cows. On the Spring Evening of CCTV this year, Tongwuniu also took to the stage of the Spring Festival Gala to send New Year greetings to the national audience.
Shan Jixiang and Zhu Bingren took a group photo with the Forbidden City Copper Five Bulls