Interpretation of the Warring States Pattern (10) The conspiracy behind the Fengze Hui Alliance

In 354 BC, King Hui of Wei sent Pang Juan to lead an army of 100,000 to besiege the State of Zhao, and Zhao had no choice but to call for help from the State of Qi. The State of Qi, with Tian Ji as its general and Sun Zhen as its military division, directly attacked the Wei capital, Daliang. Pang Juan returned to the division to rescue Daliang, but was ambushed at Guiling (northwest of Changyuan, Henan) and the entire army was destroyed. This is the famous allusion in history, "Wei Wei saved Zhao".

After the Battle of Guiling, although the State of Wei suffered heavy losses, the State of Wei at this time was still strong and strong, and the State of Wei gradually turned the tide of the war, attacking the capital of the State of Zhao in 352 BC, Handan, and defeating the combined forces of the three kingdoms of Qi, Wei and Song, and the world was shocked.

The State of Qin, west of the State of Wei, had just begun to change the law at this time, and there was such a powerful country next to it, which made it difficult for Shang Martin to sleep day by day. He was afraid that this strong neighbor would one day suddenly attack and cause the Qin state, which had just shown signs of recovery, to suffer a devastating blow. Therefore, Shang Martin sent an envoy to the state of Wei in 344 BC, persuading King Hui of Wei to emulate the "Princes of Jiuhe" and usurpation as king.

Therefore, in the same year, King Hui of Wei summoned the princes of Qin, Zhao, Song, Wei, Zou, Cao, Lu, Chen, Cai, Xu, Xiang, and Zeng in fengze of the Song kingdom, and in front of the princes of the Twelve Roads, he posed as the Prince of Tianzi and called himself the "King of Xia", and later led the princes of the Twelve Roads to meet Zhou Tianzi together. Since then, King Hui of Wei became the first prince to claim the title of king during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. (The Kingdom of Chu, the State of Wu, and the State of Yue had already claimed the title of king as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, but the title of king was self-proclaimed and was not recognized by Zhou Tianzi and other princes.) ）

After Feng Ze met the alliance, King Hui of Wei became the official overlord of the princes, like the Duke of Qi Huan, "the princes of the Nine Leagues, the power of the world", but the King of Wei Hui wore the "Wang" number on his head and sat on an equal footing with Zhou Tianzi, which was more honorable than the Duke of Qi Huan in terms of status.

The "infinite scenery" of King Hui of Wei and the State of Wei made Korea in the south and the State of Qi in the east very uncomfortable. King Hui of Wei, who claimed the title of queen, gradually encroached on the land of Korea, and Korea declared war on the State of Wei. King Hui of Wei followed the example of Duke Huan of Qi and gathered the princes to fight together. South Korea could not resist and asked the State of Qi for help. The State of Qi was already holding its breath, so he sent Tian Ji as a general and Sun Zhi as a military division to support Korea. Later Sun Zhen lured Pang Juan to Maling with a reduction plan, the Wei army was completely destroyed, and Pang Juan committed suicide, which is known in history as the "Battle of Maling".

When Shang Martingale first lobbied King Hui of Wei, he had already thought of the great defeat of the State of Wei after that, and Shang Martin used a very ingenious method to weaken the strength of the State of Wei, thus winning sufficient time and favorable environment for the change.

The Fengze Hui Alliance led to the later weakening of the State of Wei, which was divided into five specific reasons:

1. When the State of Wei attacked the Zhao State of Handan, King Hui of Wei was already proud and arrogant. At this time, Wei was strong and powerful, and due to the four-sided war between Wei Wuhou and Wei Huiwang for many years, its strength had begun to weaken. However, King Hui of Wei did not realize this, and attacked Handan and defeated the combined forces of Qi, Song, and Wei, making King Hui of Wei think that the State of Wei at this time could be compared with the State of Qi at that time, and that he could be compared with the Duke of Qi Huan. So Shang Martin proposed that Qin wish to honor the king, and the impatient King Wei Hui, who had been waiting for a long time, immediately summoned the princes to claim the throne.

2. From ancient times to the present, there are too many people who want to be kings, and the more people who want to be kings, the more they can't see others being kings. This refers to the State of Qi, whose strength at this time was no weaker than that of the State of Wei, and the State of Qi had recently defeated the State of Wei at Guiling. However, King Hui of Wei took the lead in claiming the throne, which made the State of Qi the first to disobey, which in turn led to the defeat of the State of Wei at Ma Ling.

3, the border between Han and Wei is as wrong as embroidery, the State of Wei is powerful and respects the king, and there is no Korea among the princes of the Alliance, which makes Korea like a needle felt, south Korea can only survive by relying on the State of Qi, inadvertently pushing Korea to the camp of the State of Qi.

4. The State of Qin was the first to propose to honor Wei as king, then King Hui of Wei called himself queen, and the State of Qin was a vassal state of the State of Wei, and the State of Wei would no longer threaten the security of the State of Qin.

5. King Hui of Wei was called queen and sat on an equal footing with Zhou Tianzi, which made the princes of the world more or less unwilling. Although the princes of the Twelve Roads of huimeng, except for Qin and Zhao, the others are small countries that are not worth mentioning, and the strength of huimeng has not been greatly enhanced.

Shang Martin used such a very ingenious strategy to make the State of Wei an enemy of the princes, giving the Rise of the State of Qin a favorable environment and a great deal of time for the change of law. This further caused the state of Wei to decline rapidly and withdraw from the ranks of warring states powers.

After the Battle of Maling, the State of Wei was defeated. Where should the State of Wei go after that? Stay tuned

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