Text: Jiang Nan (Columnist for Reading History)
Agriculture is for the country, for the sake of the great plan, for the people, for the livelihood.
In the summer of 544, when torrential rains poured down, an old peasant-like official came to the Mingguang Hall, who was the former Gaoyang Taishou Jia Sixun, because the brothers of the Ben family had been emperors, so they could be seen in the body of cloth.
"May the power of the imperial court be used to carry out the whole world, and the remaining wishes are enough." The old man trembled and said, the thunder was faint, and the Eastern Wei Xiaojing Emperor Yuan Shan saw a flame burning in his eyes.
Gaoyang Taishou Jia Sixun was born into the Shouguang family clan in Shandong, and he spent 11 years writing the agricultural masterpiece "Qi Min Zhi Shu" from a young age, which originated from a failure to raise sheep.
1, this is too conservative like a farmer
Liu Gong took his grandson to Gaoyang (Linzi) to live, his son Liu Leshun was a tenant of Taishou Jia Sixun, Liu Gong had nothing to do, he was sent by his son to watch the sheep pen for Taishou, it didn't matter, he almost fainted, and a farmer was dragging a dead sheep outside. An old man next to him had a distressed expression: "Two hundred sheep, half of them die in a year, and the rest are still thin like this, what can I do?" ”
Liu Gong turned around the sheep pen with his hands behind his back, and saw a place to serve, mixed with sheep feces and urine, "Sheep love to be clean, and they don't eat non-kosher food." Asserted, "Starved to death." The man frowned, and asked for advice on the art of breeding, Liu Gong pointed out to him, 8 ewes should be paired with 2 rams, etc., the man was overjoyed.
Speaking of this at dinner, the son laughed and said, "This is Taishou Jia Gong, and these ten dumps are all his public fields." The old man held up his eyes, "Like a farmer, which looks like a taishou." ”
It is said that Jia Sixun followed Liu Gong's instructions, and the effect of raising sheep was really good. He deeply felt the importance of agricultural technology in restoring the national economy and ensuring the people's livelihood, and began to pay attention to the summary of agricultural production technology and experience, and his footprints covered the present-day Henan, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and other places.
"The basis of ploughing lies in the trend of time, and soil, dung ze..." The little meat hand came over and pulled the book, "Grandpa called you to eat."
After hugging the little grandson of the Liu family, Jia Sixun still chanted "tend to be timely, and earth".
"Is that right in the book?" Xiao Wa asked. "Not all right", for example, the ancient book said to dilute the rice, but every time the harvest, the tenants sighed, because the beaten valley is more, yellow, and changed to dense planting, the grain is evenly white, boiled porridge to make cakes overflowing, the market sold a good price.
He pinched his small face: "Therefore, you can know its outline, and you must not be wronged by it." "The baby seems to understand.
More than 200 years after the Yongjia Rebellion to the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, after the war, the population of the Yellow River Basin doubled compared with the Western Jin Dynasty Taikang period, and the Northern Wei Xiaowu Emperor Yuan Xiu implemented the equalization system, encouraged agricultural affairs, and resumed production.
2, the first harvest
Farmers are the most satisfied, can pay rent, and have enough to eat. When he first came, the tenant Liu Leshun had not yet become a relative, there were many mountains here, the harvest was not good, the food was not enough, what to pay rent, the Shandong Han was embarrassed to cry.
The knots between the tenants' eyebrows have become a dead knot in the bottom of their hearts. He slept in the shack for several days in a row, turned over books, and asked the old farmers, and the people were black and thin, and the people in the official court could not recognize them.
Originally, the mountain wind and frost are heavy, the seeds have to choose the stems and stalks, shallow ploughing in spring and summer, deep ploughing in autumn, crop rotation, fertilization with mature manure green manure, harvesting ten stones per acre is not a problem.
The sowing period is very critical, the thin field is planted early, and the fertile soil is at that time, to "go with the weather, the amount of land is favorable, then the force is less and the success is more." He directed the tenants to plant in April and May, plough in June and July, ushering in a golden autumn harvest in October. Everyone was jubilant, the old man chatted under the tree, the child ate the cake, he squatted on the ground and chatted with the old farmer, the ridge came out of the small wind and gently rubbed his face, unspeakably comfortable, making him determined to search all these experiences into the book.
3. The puppet Tianzi has unspeakable grievances
The thunderstorm paused for a while, and Emperor Xiaojing's eyes shone brightly, "The Western Thief intends to ann min six edicts, and I also have Jia SixUn's "Qi Min Zhi Shu" in my dynasty, and Heaven helps me great Wei." ”
Emperor Xiaojing's voice was quiet and elegant, and he saw that The Western Wei Dynasty had launched the Su Wei reform, and after a few years, the national strength had grown day by day, and the young emperor was impatient. "Cui Shangshu, please ask Si Nongqing to issue this book to the county magistrate, and must not privately transmit it to the western and southern Liang."
Emperor Xiaojing stated his will, and along Cui Jichang's gloomy eyes, he suddenly woke up and changed his speech: "Inform Si Nongqing, take Jia Sixun to the palace of General Gao Cheng, pass on the will, and present the Qi Min Zhi Shu to the Great General." ”
At the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Erzhu Rong created the tragic "Heyin Revolution", the courtiers were killed, the center was destroyed, Gao Huan destroyed the Erzhu family, forcing the emperor to leave, Northern Wei split into Eastern Wei and Western Wei, Gao Huan established Xiaojing as Emperor of Eastern Wei, and the matter was decided by the eldest son Gao Cheng.
The nursery rhyme of Yecheng sang: "Poor green sparrow, fly to Yecheng." "Qingquezi was Emperor Xiaojing, who was once scolded and beaten because Gao Cheng persuaded him not to drink wine," Cheng was furious: '朕, 朕, 谩 feet 朕!'" 'Make Cui Jishu beat the emperor three times and come out of his clothes."'
Emperor Xiaojing was intelligent and strategic, but he was controlled by people, and his life and death were not up to him, not to mention state affairs.
Jia Sixun knew that in the year he left Gaoyang, the situation in the country was already not good, the ruler Xianbei people only knew about corruption and taxes, and had no half pity for the small people who provided for them, and came to Gaoyang to check the household registration and levy taxes incessantly, and people began to starve to death everywhere, peasants revolted in Weifang, and war filled the North Sea of Qingzhou.
This benevolent Taishou reserved poplar saplings when he left, and the tenants reluctantly chased after them for more than a dozen miles, and Jia Sixun hugged the little grandson of the Liu family and instructed: "The poplar tree can be a silkworm frame for three years, a 5 yuan, an acre of harvest of about 2,000 yuan." ”
In addition to taxes and temporary levies, there is still a surplus, they should be able to survive the disaster year, right?
4, a cavity of tears, eclipsed away from Beijing
"The great general's uncle came from Hezhou and waited in front of the gate for three whole days, so let's go back." The kind doorman reminded him.
Si Nongqing handed over the Holy Will to the Great General's Mansion, and there was no further following, and after the death of his brothers for many years, his sons and nephews were released, and indeed there was no way to see the Great General.
I remember that in the eleven years, he traveled all over the Yellow River Valley, a total of 110,000 words, words and painstaking efforts, "I will wait." Jia Sixun said.
It was the height of summer rain, a cart of books behind him was covered with thick oil paper, and the 70-year-old man was unobstructed, letting the rain pour through and the bones cold.
Jia Sixun knew that Emperor Xiaojing actually wanted to award the Qi Min Zhi Shu to the whole country and wanted to give this agricultural scholar a proper reward, but Tianzi's situation was difficult, and he was bullied and insulted by Gao Cheng, and even he could not protect himself and could not give practical help.
5. Justice is in the hearts of the people
After returning to his hometown, Jia Sixun spent a few pleasant years, and after he left the capital in disgrace, the poor Emperor Xiaojing was poisoned by Gao Cheng, and Eastern Wei was changed to Northern Qi.
Before dying, the old man remembered that on winter nights, jia family set up banquets, sometimes vegetables, fish and shrimp sauce, there are fine wines made by the ancient "nine-brew wine method", and there are "slippery and unusual" wontons, especially the summer vegetables on the table, fresh and delicious, so that guests feast,
"Good things are written in "Qi Min Zhi Shu." The old man muttered, "If only the book could be passed down from generation to generation." ”
Soon after, Gao Cheng was killed by the enemy, and Northern Qi's successors were violent and promiscuous, and in only 28 years, they were destroyed by Northern Zhou. "Qi Min Zhi Shu" was preserved in the war, copied by folk, passed down from generation to generation, and was handed down from generation to generation in the Northern Song Dynasty 500 years later, and later derived more than 20 versions, translated into many languages, swept the world, even Darwin was highly respected by it, becoming the pride of Shouguang people's history and culture.
The old man who slept in the shack on the ground, stepped all over the Yellow River Valley, and the torrential rain poured on the streets of Yicheng, and the old man who had exhausted his efforts and worked hard for the people's livelihood, should be comforted!