Emperor Xuan of Han was a great-grandson of Emperor Wu of Han, Liu Che, the second emperor of the Han Dynasty to be succeeded by Emperor Xiaozong of the Han Dynasty, the first being his unfortunate cousin Liu He the Prince of Changyi, who reigned for 27 days before being deposed by the chancellor Huo Guang.
Some people compare Emperor Xuan of Han and Emperor Ming Shizong together, and think that Emperor Ming Shizong is stronger than Emperor Xuan of Han, why do they think so? Because Emperor Mingshizong made a big ceremony to stuff his father into the Taimiao Temple and cut into the imperial system, but Emperor Xuan of Han did not dare to posthumously honor his grandfather Liu Zhao as emperor, Emperor Xuan of Han was not as tough as Emperor Ming Shizong.
Some people also defended Emperor Xuan of Han, saying that it was not that he was unable to honor his grandfather, but that in the Qin and Han dynasties, he did not have the habit of honoring his father and grandfather as emperor, and cited many examples such as the monarchs of the pre-Qin countries, as well as Liu Bang of Han Gao, Wang Mang of the New Dynasty, and Liu Xiu, the Emperor of Later Han Guangwu, and concluded that in the general environment at that time, Emperor Xuan of Han did not have the concept of honoring his grandfather in his heart, so he did not posthumously honor Liu Zhao.
Some people also believe that Emperor Xuan of Han did not honor his grandfather Liu Zhao, because he resented him for starting an army and rebelling, dragging the family into a quagmire and almost unable to turn over forever.
Of course, some people also realized that Emperor Xuan of Han did not honor Liu Zhao, not because of resentment, nor because he did not have the habit of honoring him at that time, but because Emperor Xuan, who observed the ritual law, was hindered by the patriarchal etiquette system, so he did not honor his grandfather.
As we all know, after Emperor Xuan of Han took over the government, he posthumously honored his father Emperor Shi's grandson Liu Jin as emperor, built a temple for him, that is, the garden, and ranked as the fourth relative, but for Bensheng's grandfather, The Crown Prince Liu Zhao, he only caught up with the title of "戾" and set up a garden to serve The Emperor.
If Emperor Xuan was hindered by the patriarchal law, why was he able to honor his father but not his grandfather? Simply put, Emperor Xuan of Han could not posthumously honor his grandfather because of the existence of Emperor Zhao of Han.
Emperor Xuan of Han was able to become emperor because his uncle Emperor Han Zhao had no heirs, coupled with the selfish intentions of the powerful minister Huo Guang, because at that time, the only object that could be chosen was Emperor Xuan's weak strength and no foundation, and he was the best one to grasp, so he was the one.
Huo Guang clearly declared in his edict to emperor Xuan that Emperor Xuan was "flattered by the ancestral temple after Emperor Xiaozhao", that is to say, Emperor Xuan was passed on to Emperor Zhao as an heir, but in terms of blood relations, Emperor Zhao and Emperor Xuan were grandchildren (uncles and nephews), and whether the sentence in the edict was to take the nephew as the heir, or the nephew as the heir? But it is ambiguous.
If Emperor Xuan passed on to his uncle as a nephew, then he should have honored Empress Shangguan as empress dowager after he ascended the throne, but after he ascended the throne, his uncle Empress Xiaozhao was still the empress dowager, and it was not until Emperor Xuan's son Emperor Yuan ascended the throne that he honored his great-grandmother Empress Shangguan as empress dowager.
In addition, when Emperor Xuan first fought for the posthumous treatment of his grandfather, he was also photographed by the chancellor with the words "Li": for the latter, for his son", which once again shows that Emperor Xuan was succeeded as the heir of Emperor Zhao as a nephew.
Therefore, Emperor Xuan's accession to the throne was as Emperor Zhao's heir, not as his grandson, but it was not legal to take his grandson as his heir in the patriarchal etiquette system.
This was embarrassing, and the ministers held high the banner of etiquette, saying that Emperor Xuan's succession to Emperor Zhao should dilute the relationship with Emperor Bunsen, because "zhizi is the queen of emperors." His parents did not dare to know my son. Ho also. Known as the latter. "And the latter is a big deal." Supreme also. The one who was born was a small sect. Private dignity also. Respect for selfishness and worship for the supreme. On the other hand, he turned a blind eye to the fact that Emperor Xuan regarded Sun as Emperor Zhao's disrespectful law.
This phenomenon reminds people of the words of the minister when Song Shenzong abolished the promotion system, you said that it is not in accordance with the law of etiquette for my father to call his own father a father, but he turned a blind eye to the promotion system of the princess who treated her in-laws as a brother-in-law after marrying a horse, so it can be seen that the so-called patriarchal etiquette system is sometimes just the plasticine of the imperial power, and it is pinched as much as you want, and the ministers do not always resist the imperial power.
Therefore, le, after the powerful minister Huo Guang finally died and Emperor Xuan finally finished the puppet days sitting like a needle felt and stabbed in the back, he once again raised the issue of his father and grandfather's posthumous respect.
At this time, the ministers also took a step back, and on the grounds of "Rites": the father is a soldier, the son is the son of heaven, and the son of heaven is sacrificed", he gave Emperor Shi's grandson Liu Jin the title of "Imperial Examination" and established a temple in Jingshi.
Emperor Xuan revered his father Liu Jin as the "Imperial Examination", which not only resolved his embarrassment as Sun Jizu's generation, but also resolved the conflict of clan unity disorder, forming a correct and reasonable patriarchal order of Emperor Wudi of Han - Emperor Mo - Emperor Xuan of Han, not only establishing the imperial unity vein that existed with Emperor Zhaozong, but also taking into account the private feelings of the small sect in blood, which was also reasonable, so the resistance encountered was not large.
However, if Emperor Xuan wanted to honor his grandfather Liu Zhao, it would be a bit difficult, because the legal basis for his accession to the throne was "Empress Xiaozhao", not from his grandfather Liu Zhao.
After all, crown prince Liu rebelled against the palace, his father lost the status of zongzi, and Emperor Xuan was also affected, serving as a sinner for several years, until Emperor Wu died before he restored his imperial status, and his ability to enter the ranks of candidates for the imperial throne stemmed from his status as "Emperor Wu's great-grandson", but not from the identity of "Prince Liu's grandson".
And Emperor Zhao, the new emperor chosen by Emperor Wu and the legal successor designated before his death, Emperor Xuan of Shangchengwu and Emperor Zhao, how dare he throw Emperor Zhao aside and honor his own grandfather Liu Zhao? Emperor Zhao was the legal sign of his ascension to the throne! Therefore, it was impossible for the rational Emperor Xuan of Han to go after his grandfather Liu Zhao.
Then again, if Liu Zhao hadn't started an army to rebel, would Emperor Xuan have been able to honor him? Still can't, why? Because "the righteousness of etiquette is not two tests"!
What do you mean? That is, a person will not have two fathers, in the same way, a person will not have two grandfathers, after Emperor Xuan posthumously admired his father Liu Jin, Liu Jin is Emperor Xuan's "Imperial Examination", and Emperor Zhao is Emperor Xuan's "Emperor Zu kao", and Emperor Wu is Emperor Xuan's "Emperor Great-Grandfather Examination", which is the lineage of the unification of the Great Han Emperor.
According to the order of Zhaomu, Emperor Wu is on the Throne of Mu, Emperor Zhao and Emperor Xuan are on the Throne of Zhao, Emperor Liu Jin is naturally on the throne of Zhao, if Emperor Xuan pursues his grandfather Liu Zhao, then Liu Zhao and Emperor Zhao belong to brothers and Brothers with Zhaomu, and Emperor Xuan has two "Emperor Zu Kao", which is not legal in the patriarchal etiquette system.
At the same time, honoring Liu Zhao means that it is unfair to Emperor Zhao, which will inevitably cause a backlash from the officials, and the legitimacy of your Emperor Xuan's throne is derived from Emperor Zhao, not from your own grandfather, you want to respect your grandfather, that is, to deny Emperor Zhao, is to deny Emperor Zhao, is not to deny Emperor Wu? In the end, you have also denied the legitimacy of Emperor Xuan' own, and I would like to ask, how could Emperor Xuan pursue Liu Zhao?
Therefore, after Emperor Xuan ascended the throne and took the throne, why did he not honor his grandfather Liu Zhao as emperor, not because he resented his grandfather for bothering him, nor did he dare not, but because Emperor Xuan, who was subject to the patriarchal ritual system, could not exceed the ceremony.
After all, Emperor Xuan was a rational monarch, not a selfish ghost Zhu Xiao'er, and the biggest difference between Emperor Xuan and Zhu Xiao'er was that he would not only take care of his own selfishness, to pursue his grandfather and chaotic order, and then trample on the foundation of the feudal dynasty - the patriarchal etiquette system.
Although Emperor Xuan's establishment of a temple for his biological father was ridiculed by later Generations of Confucians, he and Liu Xiu, the Guangwu Emperor, were indeed one of the most rational emperors, and did not disregard the righteousness because of their private feelings, let alone waste too much time on these illusory things, to fight with the ministers, and toss to the chickens and dogs.
Therefore, Xiao Xuan and GuangWucai were praised by posterity, while Zhao Shisan, who engaged in Pu discussion, and Zhu Xiao'er, who engaged in big ceremonial discussion, were their personal reputation and contribution to the country comparable to the top two?
That's it.
The image comes from the internet intrusion and deletion.
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