In 1955, Shockley, known as the "father of the transistor", left Bell Labs and founded a company for eight young people under the age of 30, which was the famous Fairchild Semiconductor Company.
Two years later, 8 young people officially resigned to Shockley and started their own businesses, when people jokingly called them "Fairchild Eight Rebels".
However, the "Eight Rebels" ushered in an even greater era, and people often gave this era a special spirit - the spirit of Silicon Valley.
From fairchild to silicon valley spirit, chips have undoubtedly become the most dazzling focus of this entrepreneurial story.
However, this is just a carnival that belongs to others.
The "ZTE incident" in 2018 sounded the alarm bell of the Chinese people, and all the Chinese could not help but ask: Why can't the "Chinese core" have a place?
In fact, "China Core" has a fantastic start.
In 1954, the Department of Physics of Peking University opened "Semiconductor Physics"; in 1959, China pulled out the first silicon single crystal in China; in 1960, the Institute of Semiconductors of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Hebei Semiconductor Research Institute were formally established; in 1965, China's first integrated circuit was born...
Among the various achievements, there are also many "semiconductor people" of the older generation, among which Huang Kun, who is known as the "founding father" of Chinese semiconductors.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the "Three Musketeers" of the student era</h1>
Huang Kun, a native of Zhejiang, studied for graduate studies in the Department of Physics of Southwest United University in 1941.
At that time, he lived in a dormitory with Yang Zhenning and Zhang Shoulian, and the three were known as the "Three Musketeers" of the Physics Department.
The young teenager in his early 20s talks about some "very serious" academic issues every day. Especially Huang Kun, when debating, it is easy to go to the "extreme", and they have to argue a reason, they often discuss from day to night, light the lamp and boil oil to find answers.
Years later, Yang Zhenning still remembers Huang Kun's truthfulness, saying that the most important period in his life is not to do research in the United States, but to live with Huang Kun.
After graduating from Southwest United University, Huang Kun went to the UK to study, and because of his excellent results, he was invited to cooperate with the contemporary physicist and Nobel Prize winner Born to co-write a monograph called "Lattice Dynamic Theory". This monograph took 5 years to publish and is still the definitive work in the field of solid state physics.
At this time, Huang Kun could not foresee his future achievements.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > choices for teaching careers</h1>
In 1951, Faced with the need to continue to stay abroad for research or return to China to pursue academic research, Huang Kun resolutely chose to return to Peking University as a professor in the Department of Physics.
At that time, Huang Kun had been engaged in research projects abroad for many years and had a lot of research experience, but at that time, New China was in ruins and urgently needed to cultivate a large number of physics talents, so he interrupted the research projects that he had been engaged in for many years and began his 26-year teaching career.
At this time, Huang Kun was just in his early 30s, but his academic skills were profound, often in-depth and simple, and he was well received by students. In 1954, led by Huang Kun, the Department of Physics of Peking University opened a new subject "Semiconductor Physics" for students.
In 1956, Peking University, Fudan University, Nanjing University, Xiamen University and Northeast Renmin University (now Jilin University) dispatched more than 200 students to hold a two-year "Five-University Joint Semiconductor Specialization" at Peking University, with Huang Kun as the main advocate and main executor.
These more than two hundred people soon became the backbone of China's semiconductor industry, spreading all over the country, including Gan Zizhao, Qin Guogang, Xia Jianbai and several academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huang Kun's work during this period was indispensable to accelerating the construction of the country.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > a spirit of work</h1>
Huang Kun's work can be shaped by "day and night", he has high requirements for his lectures, preparing lessons every day to the depth, and long-term fatigue makes him lose his head overnight.
During the "five-school joint semiconductor specialization" period, Huang Kun's three sons were still very young, he had no time to take care of the family, and everything in the family was handled by his wife Li Aifu, and Li Aifu was still in the laboratory.
In 1958, when his youngest son, who was only a few months old, died of accidental suffocation, Huang Kun was very sad, but it did not affect his work in the slightest.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > a scientist who is "honorable, lovely, fearful, and pity."</h1>
In 1977, Huang Kun served as the director of the Institute of Semiconductors of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and after nearly 30 years of silence in the international physics community, Huang Kun became active in the scientific community again, and he began the second "golden age" of his research career.
Under the auspices of Huang Kun, the Institute of Semiconductors has built the State Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Superlattices in China, which has created a new field of research in materials science and solid state physics in China.
In addition to Huang Kun's super academic ability, the most admirable thing is his pure heart.
When Huang Kun was preparing to return to China after studying abroad, he once wrote a letter to Yang Zhenning, who was studying at the University of Chicago in the United States, in which he wrote:
If Huang Kun has been engaged in research work, perhaps there will be one more Nobel Prize winner in the world, but Huang Kun has left his life's work on cultivating semiconductor talents in the motherland.
Someone once asked Huang Kun whether he regretted returning to China?
He thought for a moment and said:
As his student Wu Boxi commented on him as simple and unpretentious, fair and objective, Huang Kun was a "respectable, lovely, fearful, and pitying scientist."
Although there is still a gap between China's core and its opponents, I believe that in the face of such generations of selfless and dedicated workers, China's core will eventually have a victorious day.