"Small full is not full, everything can be expected", kindergarten carries out 24 solar terms education, it will be a small full solar term immediately, see what activities we can carry out?
Objectives of the event:
1. Through activities, let children know the knowledge about Xiaoman, such as the origin of Xiaoman, the meaning of Xiaoman, and Xiaoman's food customs.
2. Through activities, cultivate children's positive and healthy psychology and become a happy child.
Key points of the activity:
Through activities, children can cultivate a positive and healthy mind and become a happy child.
Activity preparation: PPT courseware.
Activity Flow:
First, understand the origin of Xiaoman
Xiaoman, is one of the twenty-four solar terms, the second solar term in summer. The meaning is that the grains of the summer ripening crop begin to fill up, but they are not yet ripe, but they are only small full, not yet full. Every year between May 20 and 22, the Sun is seen as small when it reaches 60° ecliptic longitude.
"Seventy-two Collections of the Moon Order": "In April, the small full, the things are so small that they are full." "At this time, the grains of summer ripe crops such as wheat in the northern part of the country have begun to be full, but they are not yet mature, and they are about the late stage of milk ripening, so it is called Xiaoman. The agricultural proverb in the southern region gave Xiao Man a new meaning: "Xiao Man is dissatisfied, and he breaks the fields." "Xiao Man is dissatisfied, and Mangchang doesn't care." The word "full" is used to describe the surplus and shortage of rainwater, pointing out that if the field is not filled with water during the small manchu, it may cause the field to dry and crack, and even the rice cannot be planted when planting.
Second, the climate characteristics of the small Manchu solar term
Southern Region:
"Small Manchu Damanjiang Manheman" reflects the climatic characteristics of this area with heavy rainfall and heavy rainfall.
Generally speaking, if the cold air in the north can penetrate deep into the southerly part of the mainland at this time, and the warm and humid air flow in the south is also strong, then it is easy to cause heavy rain or exceptionally heavy rain in southern China. Therefore, the later period of the Xiaoman solar term is often a tense stage for flood control in these areas.
Middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River:
"Xiao Man does not fall, Huangmei is less", "Xiao Man has no rain, and Mangseed has no water".
For the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, if there is less rain at this stage, it may be that the subtropical high pressure in the Pacific Ocean is weaker and the location is southerly, which means that in the Huangmei season, precipitation may be less. Therefore, there is a folk saying that "small is not down, yellow plum is less". "There is no rain in Xiaoman, and there is no water in Mangso".
Middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River:
"Xiao Man is dissatisfied, Mai has a risk."
During the Xiaoman solar term, there is still such a saying in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and other areas:
Gangnam area:
"Xiao Man moved three cars, so busy that I didn't know him."
The three cars here refer to water wheels, oil trucks and silk cars. At this time, the crops in the fields need plenty of water, and the farmers are busy treading water trucks to turn the water. The harvested rapeseed is also waiting for farmers to scoop and make fragrant rapeseed oil. Naturally, farm work in the fields cannot be delayed. But the baby silkworm at home should also be carefully cared for, before and after Xiaoman, the silkworm will begin to form a cocoon, and the silkworm keepers are busy shaking the silk cart and reeling silk. It is recorded in the "Qing Jialu": "Xiao Manchu, silkworm women boiled cocoons, cured cars and reeled silk, and operated day and night." It can be seen that in ancient times, when the new silk was about to be marketed, the silk market was about to flourish, and silkworm farmers and silk merchants were not dissatisfied with expectations, waiting for the harvest day to come.
In addition, during the Xiaoman solar term, the Jiangnan area is often full of rivers and lakes, and if you are dissatisfied, it will definitely encounter a drought and a rainy year. There are many proverbs in this regard, such as the saying "Xiao Man is dissatisfied, no water to wash dishes". The agricultural proverb "Xiao Man is dissatisfied, dry up the fields". "If the little man does not fall, the plough and rake hang high". The word "full" here does not mean that the crop is full of grains, but that there is a lot of rain.
- Solar terms customs (sacrifice to the god of the car and silkworm)
1. Worshipping the car god is an ancient Xiaoman custom in some rural areas.
In related legends, the god of the second car is a white dragon in the small Manchu season, people put fish, meat, incense candles and other items on the waterwheel to worship, the most interesting place is that there will be a cup of white water in the sacrifice, and the white water will be poured into the field during worship, which means blessing the water inkstone. Mainland farming culture is typical of "men cultivating and women weaving". The raw materials of women's weaving are mainly cotton in the north and silkworm in the south. Silk needs to be obtained by raising silkworms and cocoons, so sericulture in rural areas in the south of the mainland is extremely prosperous, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.
2. Silkworms are pampered "pets" and are difficult to feed.
Depression, humidity, cold, ripe, dry and wet mulberry leaves all affect the survival of silkworms. Because silkworms are difficult to raise, silkworms were regarded as "heavenly objects" in ancient times. To pray for "heavenly things." The silkworms have a good harvest, so a silkworm festival is held during the silkworm release season in April.
4. Dietary customs
The spring breeze blows, the bitter vegetables grow, and the wilderness is the granary. Bitter vegetables are one of the first wild vegetables to be eaten in Chinese. "Book of Zhou": Little Man's Day Bitter Vegetable Show. The Book of Poetry: Picking bitterness and suffering, under the first sun. It is said that Wang Baochuan ate bitter vegetables in the cold kiln for 18 years in order to survive. In the old society, when the peasants were green and yellow every spring, they had to rely on bitter vegetables to feed themselves.
Bitter vegetables are all over the country, medically called it defeated sauce grass, Ningxia people call it "bitter bitter vegetables", Shaanxi people call it "bitter hemp vegetables", and Li Shizhen calls it "heavenly vanilla". Mr. Nie Fengqiao, a famous Chinese gourmet, discovered the yellow-flowered bitter vegetables, known as "sweet bitter vegetables", which have large leaves, brittle stems, and bitter sweetness. There are many advantages over the common bitter vegetables with blue flowers.
V. Summary
Teacher: Students, there is still a lot of knowledge about this solar term of Xiaoman, such as how to prevent disasters, how to engage in farming, etc., if children are interested, you can find a way to learn more about it, you will feel the wisdom of our ancestors, I believe you will also find more and more beautiful things to leave for future generations in the future.