#中国妖怪故事会 #
How much did the dynasties know? In the last issue, we finished talking about the Sui and Tang dynasties of feudal society, and today we continue to discuss the five dynasties of feudal society during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period "Liang, Tang, Jin, Han, and Zhou".
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms: This title comes from the New History of the Five Dynasties, and is a collective name for the five dynasties and the ten kingdoms and many other separatist regimes. It was a period of great division in Chinese history. After the Huangchao Uprising at the end of the Tang Dynasty, the division of eunuch domains and towns became commonplace, and some powerful domains and towns were successively named King Zhu Wen to usurp Tang and establish Later Liang, which began a period of rapid regime change in the Five Dynasties and Ten Nations Army, which was a period of darkness in which the people were not living. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the Dingyan Army (which gradually formed the later Western Xia, a dynasty established by the Dangxiang clan in northwestern China) gradually became independent, while the Jing Navy (Jiaotoe, in the Red River Valley of present-day northern Vietnam) began to break away from central rule.
The Five Dynasties refers to the five regimes of "Daliang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou" established in the Central Plains after the fall of the Tang Dynasty, namely Later Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han and Later Zhou. In 907, Zhu Huang, the king of Liang, accepted the concession of Emperor Tang and established Later Liang, with the capital Kaifeng, and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms began. In 960, Zhao Kuangyin launched the Chen Qiao Mutiny, added yellow robes, accepted Emperor Gong of Zhou's concessions, and established the Northern Song Dynasty, ending the Five Dynasties.
Houliang was the first dynasty of the Five Dynasties. In 907 AD, Zhu Huang (real name Zhu Wen, given name Zhu Quanzhong) by the Tang Dynasty Emperor Li Qichan, was called Emperor Jianguo, and the state name was Da Liang, which was historically called Later Liang to distinguish it from the Southern Dynasty Liang (Xiao Liang). The Tang Dynasty officially collapsed, and China entered the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Later Liang first set the capital at Kaifeng (present-day Kaifeng, Henan Province), and later moved the capital to Luoyang (Luoyang, Henan Province). Duration of statehood: 907-923, a total of 17 years, two emperors and three emperors. The territory of Houliang was the smallest of the five dynasties, bounded by the Yellow River in the north, the sea in the east, the Huai River in the Qinling Mountains in the south, and Guanzhong in the west.
The Later Tang was the second dynasty of the Five Dynasties. A feudal dynasty founded by the Shatuo people, with its capital at Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan). In 908, Li Keyong died, and his son Li Cunxuan became the throne of Jin. In 923, Li Cunxuan proclaimed himself emperor in Wei Prefecture (present-day Daming County, Handan, Hebei Province), changed his name to Tongguang, adopted the name of "Tang" state, and elevated Wei Prefecture to Xingtang Prefecture in Tokyo. In the same year, Li Cun destroyed Later Liang and made the capital Luoyang, known as Later Tang. By 930 AD, the Later Tang controlled the country to the extreme, including the provinces of present-day Yu, Lu, Jin, Hebei, Xiang, and Yu, most of Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Hubei, parts of Ning, Gansu, and Qian, as well as northern Jiangsu and Anhui. Founding time: 923-936 AD, a total of 14 years, passed on the second emperor and four emperors.
The Later Jin Dynasty was the third regime in the Five Dynasties. In the summer of 936 AD, Shi Jingxuan, the envoy of Taiyuan and Hedong Jiedu, colluded with the Khitans, recognized the Khitan emperor Yelude Guang as his father, and at the expense of the Sixteen Prefectures of Youyun, in November 936, Shi Jingxuan was canonized as emperor by the Khitan in Taiyuan (present-day Taiyuan, Shaanxi Province), with the state name Jin and the historical name Later Jin. Soon after, they attacked Luoyang and destroyed the Later Tang. In 937, Shi Jingyu moved his capital to Bianzhou (Kaifeng, Henan Province). In 938, Bianzhou was promoted to Tokyo, Kaifeng Prefecture was established, and Luoyang was changed to Xijing. The state was founded from 936 to 947 AD, a total of 11 years, and passed through two emperors.
The Later Han was the fourth regime of the Five Dynasties. It was founded by Liu Wei (real name Liu Zhiyuan) and its capital was Kaifeng Prefecture (present-day Kaifeng, Henan Province). In 947, after the destruction of the Khitans, the Jin Dynasty occupied the Central Plains, but because the Khitan soldiers burned and looted in the Central Plains, they lost the support of the people and had to retreat north. In February of the same year, Liu Zhiyuan seized the opportunity and proclaimed himself emperor in Taiyuan, and in June of the same year, he changed the name of the country to Han, and the history was called Later Han. Later, it conquered and settled its capital in Bianzhou. Founding time: 947 ~ 950 AD, only three years from the establishment of the Later Han Dynasty to its demise, the second emperor, is the shortest-lived regime in the five dynasties and ten kingdoms.
Later Zhou was the last dynasty in the Central Plains during the Five Dynasties period. Guo Wei rebelled during the reign of Liu Chengyu, the Later Han emperor, and seized the throne. Guo Wei claimed to be a descendant of Uncle Yu of the Zhou Dynasty, so he took "Zhou" as the national name and the history as "Later Zhou", to distinguish it from other regimes with Zhou as the national name, also known as "Guo Zhou", or "Chai Zhou" with the surname Chai Rongzhi, and set the capital in Kaifeng Province, Tokyo. Founding time: 951-960 AD, a total of ten years, three emperors.
The location of the capital of the previous dynasties will be discussed here today, the history of the mainland is too long, let's take it slowly, see you in the next issue! I think the editor has sorted it out well, please like the triptych, thank you!!!