Original: Max Payne 618
It can be said that the wood is chosen and the place is placed, and the residence is rested. Isn't it better than the four spirits, and they always inhabit it?
The first three foreign religions of Christians, Zoroastrians, and Jews to arrive in India can all be traced back to the first century AD, that is, the Qin and Han dynasties in China, and they were all discriminated against as untouchables.
Indian Jews are divided into eight major groups in India, which are introduced in the order in which they developed in India:
Cochin Jews
That is, the Cochin people, who are synonymous with all Indian Jews in ancient Chinese books.
According to modern history, they landed in the port of Cochin in Kerala in India with Christians in the first century AD.
A map of the arrival of the Jewish prophet created in the twenties of the nineteenth century
Indian Jews have long been oppressed by Indian Christians, who have advanced the legend of their arrival in India by more than 500 years, saying that they fled to India after the destruction of the Second Temple.
Their evidence is that teak, ivory, spices, monkeys, and peacocks traded in Syria in India during King Solomon's time, but modern Israeli historians believe that this is a medieval record.
The earliest written record of Jews in India is a series of copper plate inscriptions called "Sâsanam" in 379 AD, and the town where Jews lived in Malayalam (aka Kerala) was called Anjuvannam, where Persians, Christians, Burmese, and such villages and towns called Anjuvannam also exist in Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia and even Vietnam.
Cochin Jews also became a Kshatriya caste in Indian history, that is, in the eleventh century AD, India's most powerful sea power empire, the fourth king of the kingdom of Perumals, the fourth king of the kingdom of Perumals, Sthanu Ravi Varma, in order to expand the army to eliminate the Christians and the pirate groups colluding with local pirates in India, borrowed money from the Jews and mortgaged all the Anjuvanam cities in the kingdom to the Jews, and the Jews became lords of these cities. The history book of Indian Jewry, Joseph Rabban, clearly records this event:
As long as the world and the moon exist, it (Anjuvannam) should belong to them and be passed on to their Jewish descendants.
Laban, the Indian Jewish leader, was given the title of King of Sinli, and seventy-two Jewish villages were granted tax-free privileges.
When the kingdom of Perumar collapsed, Raban's descendants broke out in a battle for the throne, and in 1340 Joseph Azar became embroiled in a succession conflict with his brother, and was involved in wars with the four states of Venad, Kolathunadu, Nediyiruppu, and Perumpadappu.
Jews were beaten back to their prototypes, fiefdoms were abolished, and large numbers of Jews were plundered as slaves and sold to the courts of kingdoms across India because of their white skin.
It was not until the fifteenth century that the Vishyanaghara Empire conquered the Malayalam region and protected Jewish and Christian towns to resume commerce.
At the same time, Indian Christians and Muslim pirates, in collusion, formed pirate groups, and their wealthy villages and synagogues were destroyed. The destruction was so great that when the Portuguese arrived a few years later, only impoverished Jews remained.
The Portuguese also persecuted the Jews during the Inquisition of Indian Christians, and they fled until their Portuguese power in Kerala was expelled by the British Indian princely state of Trivandrang Kingdom and returned to Cochin.
A crazy caste system was practiced within the kingdom of Trivandrang, with Jewish and non-European Indian Christians divided into untouchables.
The kingdom of Trivandrang divided the English into Brahmins, the French into Kshatriyas, the Dutch and Portuguese as Vaishyas, and the other white Europeans as Sudras.
The Cochin Jews of Kerala were also one of the main sources of funding for the development of the Communist Party of India in the region, and most of the Cochin Jews returned to Israel after the establishment of the State of Israel.
Musta Arabi Jews
They are Arabic-speaking Indian Jews, mainly from Mizrahi Jews and Maghreb Jews, living mainly in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
In the legend of the Mustaarabi Jews of India, they are descendants of the warriors who escorted the Indian Christian sage Thomas to India, so Thomas is the second saint in their tradition.
According to modern history, it is more likely that they followed Muslim traders into India during the Umayyad period.
The Mustaal-Arabi Jews were long members of the courts of the kingdoms of South India, speaking a variety of languages, often acting as translators, and helping kings manage their wealth.
During the European colonial Indian era, many kingdoms in South India were wiped out, and they were also destroyed by the royal power, and were discriminated against by the British and Indians during the British colonial period, and most families went to Cochin and eventually moved to Israel after the establishment of the State of Israel.
Ephraim Jews
Also known as Telugu Jews because they speak Telugu, they are Indian Jews who live mainly in the Telugu-speaking region, claiming to be descendants of ten lost tribes of the Ephraim tribe and say that they traveled through West Asia from Israel: Persia, Afghanistan, Tibet and into China for 1600 years before reaching southern India more than 1000 years ago.
Their history is very similar to what they call the history of Afghan Jews and Persian Jews.
They have completed a very thorough indigenization in history, combining Judaism and Hinduism into a new Jewish sect, called Malabar in the game King of the Crusaders series, which is inaccurate, it should be called Ephrai, so much so that they were ostracized by Israel for a long time, and it was not until 2005 that they were recognized by the Jews of Israel's chief rabbi.
They were historically a mercenary people, sometimes protecting Indian Jews from other regions, subjected to some massacres for defeat during the Deccan Sultanate and the Maratha Union, and worked as farmers or untouchable workers who handled animals in water and manure in modern times.
They are regarded as one of the poorest Jews, and Chandra Sekhar Angadi, a social scientist in Karnataka, said of the Ephraim Jews:
They were among the poorest Jews in the world. They desperately want to be endorsed by Israel's chief rabbi just to guarantee them a passport from that country where they can live a better life — away from this life of poverty and hunger.
In 2006, The Washington Times reported:
Six consecutive years of drought and crop failure in Andhra Pradesh have left more than 3,000 Ephraimite Jewish farmers in debt and commit suicide.
Jews in Chennai
After being expelled from Iberia by the Alhambra decree in 1492, some Iberian Jews eventually traveled around to Chennai, India, to establish merchant communities, later joined by Paladesi Jews and English Jews, who learned Tamil and Malayalam from Cochin Jews.
He worked as a translator and intermediary for the British during the East India Company and the British colonial period, and came to Israel for the most part after the establishment of the State of Israel.
Goan Jews
After being expelled from Iberia by the Alhambra decree in 1492, some of the Iberian Jews eventually moved around to Goa, India, to establish merchant communities, and the Portuguese accepted large numbers of Jews during the persecution of Cochin Jews.
In order to avoid persecution, the vast majority converted to Catholicism.
Baghdadi Jews
Baghdad Jews, also known as Iraqi Jews, settled mainly along trade routes in the Indian Ocean and South China Sea.
Beginning with the Mughal Empire in the eighteenth century, merchants from Baghdad and Aleppo established initially Judeo-Arabic-speaking Jewish communities in India, and then established trade networks across Asia following Jewish customs.
They were merchants and courtiers of the Mughal dynasty. Jewish advisers at the court of Agra Akbar the Great played an important role in Akbar's liberal religious policy.
Sarmad Khasani, a Jew, was a mentor to Crown Prince Dara Shikoh before his execution by Aurangzeb.
Shalom Cohen, who founded the Jewish community in Kolkata, was the court jeweler of Nawab in Awadh and traveled to Punjab, where he held the same title as the court of Sikh Empire leader Ranjit Singh.
They then flourished under the British Empire and gradually became an English-speaking Jewish community, who were the main monopolists of the seafaring trade from Bombay to Kobe, Japan, and they were also involved in the opium trade, from which they made huge profits, one of the triggers for the Baghdadi Jews to lobby the East India Company to start the Opium War, after which the Sassoon family of Indian Jews eventually controlled 70% of the opium trade from India to China.
The Sassoon family became one of the richest merchant families in Asia at the time by opium, and the Sassoon family office in Shanghai, China, became the brain of China's huge opium trade at that time:
World War II, war in India, Japanese occupation of Burma, Hong Kong, and Shanghai, and the rapid end of the British Empire in Asia brought to an end to the glory of the Baghdadi Jews, who largely moved to Israel after the establishment of the State of Israel.
Bunaimenash Jews
They are predominantly Tibeto-Burman Indian Jews living in six northeastern states of India, claiming to have a lost tribe of Israel of Judaism, with about 10,000 members of Judaism.
After the Maratis massacred the Kannada and plundered the wealth of Hindu Vaishan merchants in southern Bengal and Orissa, the Hindu commercial network in the East India quickly collapsed, and Jewish merchants and Christians entered a vacuum, and the establishment of merchant networks followed by the six northeastern states of India.
In the first Welsh missionary-led Christian revival movement that swept Mount Mizo in 1906, missionaries banned the holding of Aboriginal festivals, festivals and traditional songs and chants. After missionaries abandoned this policy during the Revival of 1919-24, the Mizo began composing their own hymns, incorporating local elements. They created a unique form of fusion Christian worship.
During this period, the Bunaimenash Jews also followed the spread of Christianity, and in the fifties the group founded the Messianic movement to counter Christian nationalism, adopting the observance of the Jewish Sabbath, the celebration of holidays, the observance of dietary laws, and other Jewish customs and traditions they learned from books in the early sixties. They have no connection with the diaspora or other Jewish groups in Israel.
On May 31, 1972, a group of messianic communities formed the Manipur Jewish Organization (later renamed the United Jewish Organization, NEI), the first Jewish organization in northeastern India.
In 2005, Israel's chief rabbis accepted Bunaimenash Jews as Jews due to the dedication they have shown in practice over the decades, but still require individuals to undergo formal ritual conversion in order to be accepted as Jews.
Beni Jews
They were a desert trading community founded in the sixteenth century by Indian Cochin Jews in present-day Pakistan, Gujarat and Rajasthan in India, intermarried with local Muslim tribes and Christians, and practiced an internal caste system.
They were later treated to the Mughals, some Beni Jews intermarried with royal families, and Christians became grassroots guides in the administration of the region, and during the Indian national uprising, in order to repay the royal favor, they organized an uprising with Christians and Muslims in Gujarat in support of the Mughal emperor.
Under British colonial rule, because of the internal marriage system of the caste system, the high caste within them was considered by the British to be the purest of all ethnic groups in India, and was protected from discriminatory legislation and gained a prominent position in the colonial government and the Indian army.
After the separation of India and Pakistan, the Beni Jews of Pakistan and India were subjected to simultaneous massacres and looting on both sides, resulting in a sharp decline in population, and with the establishment of the State of Israel, there are now only about 5,000 people.