On the vast Yudong Plain, there is an ancient city in the water with beautiful scenery. The blue waves of Longhu sway the green trees and red buildings on the ancient city wall, and the green trees and red buildings cast kaleidoscopic reflections in the water. In the lake, the reeds are dense and lush, and in late autumn, the reeds bloom white, like thousands of piles of snow. The lotus flowers are red and beautiful, and under the background of layers of lotus leaves, one after another dye the sky red.
It is a beautiful and ancient city. Here, science is born out of ignorance, old and fashionable are married, and primitive simplicity and modern civilization are harmoniously combined here. This is the historical and cultural city of Henan Province - Huaiyang County.
The county seat of Huaiyang was the capital of the Chen State from the Western Zhou to the Spring and Autumn Period, and the capital of the Chu State at the end of the Warring States Period, which has a very long history.
3125 years ago, King Wu of Zhou established Western Zhou, and in order to consolidate the power of Western Zhou, King Wu divided the princes and divided his trusted relatives and friends into territories. In order to commemorate the merits of Emperor Shun, he searched everywhere for the descendants of Emperor Shun, and finally found Yu Shun at the turn of Yushui - Yu Man, sealed him to Chen Di, and took his daughter Daji with Concubine Man as his wife. Concubine Man founded the state of Chen and took the state as his surname, and after his death, he became the Duke of Hu, known as the Duke of Chen Hu.
Chen Hugong was the first monarch of Chen Guo, and everything had to start from scratch. Where was the capital built? Chen Hugong chose the island in Longhu, probably thinking that the capital city was built in the lake, surrounded by water, easy to defend and difficult to attack, and safer. In order to defend against external troubles, he led the people to build Chen Cheng. For the sake of Guangda Zude, he ordered the construction of a temple and the practice of weekly rites to worship Shun. Due to Duke Hu's efforts to govern and choose meritocracy and ability, Chen Guo became one of the 12 princely states of the Western Zhou Dynasty, passed down in the 20th dynasty, in 643 years. By the forty-first year of King Chen Jing and the twenty-third year of the Duke of Chen Hua, Chu destroyed Chen, killed Chen Hui Gong, and Chen Guo perished, and razed it into the county seat of Chu State. In 278 BC, the twenty-first year of the reign of King Xiang of Chu, the Qin general Bai Qi attacked the capital of the Chu state and burned the tomb of King Xian of Chu. Unable to resist, King Xiang of Chu fled to the northeast and fled to Chencheng, where he held Chen Cheng as the capital of Chu for 38 years. So at that time, Chen Cheng was called "Ying Chen". The reason why Huaiyang County is called Chen Chu's old city is here.
In 1980, the archaeological team of the Henan Provincial Museum conducted archaeological excavations of the city wall of Huaiyang City. It was discovered that the city had been restored several times since it was first built. The first restoration was attached, with a wall height of 1.5 meters and a width of 2 meters, this time it was repaired by King Hui of Chu after Chu destroyed Chen. The second repair is also additional, the city wall is increased by more than 1 meter, 4.4 meters wider, in the additional soil layer every half a meter or so put a 3 meters long cross wood as a bolt, a total of 4 layers, about 4~60,000 cross logs. This restoration was carried out after King Chu escaped to Chencheng. In order to defend the Qin state from attacking the city again, King Xiang devoted the whole country to carry out this large-scale restoration. The third restoration was in the early Western Han Dynasty and was an internal addition. The fourth restoration was in the Song Dynasty, also with an internal addition. The fifth restoration was in the fourth year of Ming Hongwu (1371), when Chen Zhou commanded Chen Heng to brick the walls of the inner city wall for a week. The sixth restoration was in the 27th year of Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1726), when the Chen City Wall was rebuilt by Wang Xi of Zhi County. The brick city wall is 9 miles and 13 steps, 2 feet 4 feet high, 2411 wall battlements, and 49 lookouts. Build 4 gates, the east gate is called Minghua Gate, the west gate is called Pingxin Gate, the south gate is called Xiaoyi Gate, and the north gate is called Yong'an Gate. The gate tower has 3 floors and 2 floors, and there is a platform at the top of the moon city. So far, the 4 gates and 5 passes pattern of Huaiyang County is still the same, the inner city wall is well preserved, and the outer city of 30 miles is still the same.
Chen Chu's old city has a long history, hundreds of vicissitudes, dynasties change, changes in winds, and performs a long drama that moves people and blazes through history. According to the "Huaiyang County Record":
In 496 BC, Confucius came to Chen for the first time and lectured for more than a year; In 492 BC, Confucius came to Chen for the second time and lectured for 3 years; In 489 BC, Confucius came to Chen three times, and he was starved of grain for 7 days.
In 196 BC, the Han established the state of Huaiyang, and Liu Bang made his son Liu You the King of Huaiyang. In 118 BC, Ji Yao was summoned to serve as the Taishou of Huaiyang, and Ji was ill, and Emperor Wudi of Han allowed him to lie down and cure him.
In September 43, Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu visited Huaiyang. In December 83, Emperor Liu Ju of Hanzhang visited Huaiyang. In 88 AD, Chen County was changed to Chen State.
In 197, Yuan Shu led troops to attack the state of Chen and killed Liu Pet, the king of Chen. Cao Cao led his army to defeat Yuan Shu.
In 232, Cao Zhi was created King of Chen and later died in Chen.
In 630, Emperor Taizong of Tang Li Shimin issued an edict prohibiting the people from being pastoral in the Taihao Mausoleum.
In 951, Fu Yanqing of Huaiyang was created the Prince of Huaiyang, and his eldest daughter, Emperor Shizong of Shizong, was created Empress Xuanyi.
In 1022, Shang Shuyan of the Ministry of Rites of Song knew Chen Zhou.
In 1029, Fan Zhong flooded Chen Prefecture.
In 1033, Lü Yijian was appointed as the general judge of Chen Prefecture.
In 1043, a frost disaster occurred in Chenzhou, and the production of mulberry, jujube, silkworm cocoons, barley, and wheat decreased, and Bao Zheng wrote "Please avoid Chen Zhou Tian to see Qian Shu".
In 1049, Shangshu Zuo Chengdong ruled Chen Prefecture.
In 1056, Di Qing sentenced Chen Zhou, died the following year, and was buried in Chen Zhou.
In 1062, Shen Kuo was appointed as the commander of Wanqiu County in Chen Prefecture.
In 1063, when Emperor Shenzong of Song Zhao Xiang was crown prince, he was made the Prince of Huaiyang County.
In 1070, Zhang Fangping knew Chen Zhou as a bachelor of Guanwen Temple, and Su Zhi was appointed as the edict of Chen Zhou Prefecture, living in Chen for 3 years.
In 1071, Su Shi came to Chen to disciple Yu.
In 1088, Fan Chunren (son of Fan Zhongyan) became acquainted with Chen Prefecture.
In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang went out to patrol Bianliang and stationed in Chenzhou.
In 1371, Zhu Yuanzhang made his own sacrifice and sent officials to pay homage to Taihao Fuxi Mausoleum.
In 1448, Emperor Zhu Qizhen of Ming Yingzong edicted the construction of the Taihao Mausoleum.
On September 2, 1946, Huaiyang was liberated for the first time.
On August 16, 1947, Liu Deng's army Yang Yongbu crossed the border south, and Huaiyang was liberated for the second time.
On September 9, 1947, the Yuwan Soviet Army of the Communist Party of China killed 300 enemies and captured more than 1,400 enemy troops with the cooperation of the county armed forces, and Huaiyang was liberated for the third time.
The people of Huaiyang have the blood of Fuxi and Nuwa flowing in their veins, inheriting the revolutionary struggle tradition and national spirit of their ancestors who defyed violence, hardship and danger, and oppression, slavery and aggression.
In 550 BC, Chen Guo's doctors, Qingyin and Qinghu, forced slaves to build Chen Cheng, and the slaves fell and killed the slaves, and the servants met each other, each killing their own leader, and then killed the hateful Qingyin and Qinghu. This was the first slave rebellion in Chinese history, 477 years before the famous Spartacist Revolt in Europe.
In 209 BC, Qin II practiced tyranny, and the people could not bear the heavy taxes and conscription. Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rose up, and the people of Huaiyang responded one after another, establishing the first peasant revolutionary regime in Chinese history in Chencheng. Chen Ren Zhou Wen and Wu Chen led the army to heroically kill the enemy and were made generals.
In 21 AD, Zhu Bao, a native of Huaiyang, organized new city soldiers to oppose Wang Mang's brutal new policy, which shocked the Central Plains.
In 615, Lu Mingyue rebelled in Chenzhou and commanded an army of more than 100,000 people in the Chen and Ru regions to oppose the shameless and shameless dark rule of the Sui Emperor.
In 883, the Huangchao rebel army built a palace in the east of Chen Zhou and besieged Chen Cheng for 300 days, and the people of Huaiyang dug trenches and sent grain and grass to support the rebel army.
In 920, Chen Renmu Yi and Dong Yi led a revolt against the dark rule of Later Liang, and their forces spread throughout Chen, Ying, Cai and other prefectures, and Mu Yi was promoted as the Son of Heaven. Later, it was suppressed by the officials and troops, and more than 80 rebel leaders were martyred.
In 1127, Du Yong, a native of Huaiyang, organized an army of tens of thousands of rebels.
In 1129, Chen Ren Zhang Yong and Wang Shan led their people against the Jin soldiers and connected the prefectures.
In 1162, Chen Hengzu of Huaiyang led his people to recapture Huaining Mansion, and captured the Jin man Zhizhou and finished Yan Yalu. Chen Kang Jin was meritorious and was appointed by the Song court as a Wuyi doctor. After the Jin soldiers counterattacked and attacked Chencheng, Chen Hengzu died defending the city, and more than 50 members of his family were brutally killed by the Jin soldiers.
In 1337, in order to resist the invasion of the Yuan army, Hu Min'er, a native of Chenzhou, led a popular uprising in Xinzhou, and successively captured Runan, Chenzhou, and Guide, becoming a famous anti-Yuan hero.
In September 1938, the Japanese invading army occupied Huaiyang County. In October, the county set up an anti-Japanese guerrilla detachment, which made the Japanese invaders fearful. Zhang Wenbin, the main founder of the guerrilla, and his family were determined to resist Japan. 21-year-old Zhang Wenbin and his eldest sister died heroically to resist Japan, their father was beheaded for public display, and the second sister was imprisoned. The anti-Japanese militia Ren Huzi still scolded the Japanese invaders in the flames of the Japanese army. Peasant Qi Yourong successively sent his three sons to join the army to resist Japan.
In 1950, the US imperialists launched a war of aggression against Korea, and in order to resist US aggression and aid Korea and defend the country, 1,583 patriotic young people in Huaiyang actively joined the Chinese People's Volunteers. The people of the county donated 1 aircraft and 5 artillery pieces.