#头条创作挑战赛 #
One of the reasons for supporting Russia was that the Soviet Union had aided China in the War of Resistance Against Japan and scolded the anti-Russian faction as "white-eyed wolves."
China did provide assistance to China during the War of Resistance Against Japan, but we need to be clear about the historical background of Soviet aid to China.
History cannot be tampered with, and it needs to be as objective as possible.
In 1929, because of the sovereignty issue of the Eastern Railway (if you want to know about the Eastern Railway, you can pay attention to my other previous article: The Yellow Russia Plan), Zhang Xueliang fought with the Soviets, and the National Government broke off diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.
In 1931, after the 918 Incident, Japan supported the last emperor Puyi to establish the puppet Manchurian state, and Britain, the United States and other countries passed a resolution condemning Japan's aggression against China in the League of Nations, and publicly issued a statement: Northeast sovereignty belongs to the government of the Republic of China, and Japan's support for the puppet Manchuria is an act of aggression. However, in order to safeguard its interests in the northeast, the Soviet Union claimed to respect and attach importance to Japan-Soviet relations and maintain neutrality in Sino-Japanese relations. This so-called "neutrality" actually means expressing support for Japan's aggression against China, which to a large extent fuels Japan's ambition to further invade China.
What the Soviets did not expect was that after the establishment of the puppet Manchukuo, the Japanese built railways and highways along the Soviet-controlled Middle East Railway, using non-force to rob the Soviets of the interests of the Middle East Railway, and the Soviets had no choice but to sell the Middle East Railway to the puppet Manchuria.
At this point, the Soviets were not only forced to withdraw from the northeast, but also faced strong military pressure from the Japanese.
In July 1937, China's all-out War of Resistance broke out. More than a month later, on August 21, China and the Soviet Union signed the Non-Aggression Pact. In September, the Soviet Union began providing military aid to China.
Since China had few foreign exchange reserves at that time and could not pay for the purchase of weapons and equipment, the Soviet Union gave China three arms purchase loans: $50 million in March 1938, $50 million in June 1938, and $150 million in June 1939. But the third loan was not fully implemented because the Soviet Union interrupted aid. In the end, the Soviet Union actually provided a total of $173.1 million in arms loans.
With these funds, China purchased from the Soviet Union 1,285 aircraft, 82 tanks, 1,317 artillery pieces, 1,550 cars, 14,025 machine guns, 164.5 million rounds of ammunition, 1 million artillery shells, 82,300 aerial bombs, engines, aviation fuel and other military supplies.
According to the agreement between the two sides, China repaid it at a discount in kind such as tea, tung oil, and mineral metal raw materials, repaying $10 million a year from 1942 onwards, and repaying a total of about $80 million until the Kuomintang defeated Taiwan in 1949.
At the same time, the Soviet Union sent a total of about 500 military advisers and 200 technical experts to China, which were of great help to the Chinese army's operations, regularization construction and mastery of advanced equipment, and nearly 100,000 Chinese personnel trained by Soviet advisers, most of whom became the backbone of the War of Resistance.
In addition, the Soviet Union also sent 3665 people directly to participate in the war, the most famous of which was the Soviet Volunteer Aid to China Flying Team, which had a total of 1,091 pilots, equipped with 1,250 fighters, 220 bombers and 100 trainers, and achieved a brilliant record of shooting down and destroying 986 Japanese aircraft, and the Soviet Union also had 211 people killed in battle.
In 1939, Japan and the Soviet Union fought a battle at Nomenkan, Mongolia, and although the Japanese lost the war, it did make the Soviets feel pressure from Germany and Japan, east and west.
In April 1941, the Soviet Union and Japan signed the Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Treaty, and the Soviet Union and Japan recognized each other as independent states of Manchuria and Outer Mongolia, and the Soviets once again treacherously stabbed them in the back of the Chinese.
The Japanese said, if you come to China's aid, Lao Tzu will still you. Soviet military aid to China ceased there.
During the most difficult period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Soviet Union provided assistance to China, although its main purpose was to contain the Japanese army and make the Japanese army unable to attack the Soviet Union, but for the Chinese soldiers who fought bloody battles, it did play a role in providing charcoal in the snow.
From the perspective of hindsight, if Stalin had taken a tough attitude toward Japan together with Britain and the United States at the time of the 918 incident, if Stalin had not divided Poland with Hitler. With the powerful deterrent power of the Soviet Union, perhaps Germany would not dare to rashly attack Poland, and Japan would not dare to be arrogant enough to annex China.
Even if Germany and Japan dared to attack Poland and China, the Soviet Union raised the banner of justice and came to resist Japan and aid China, and resist Germany and aid Poland, it would not cause the war to burn to its own territory and cause tens of millions of military and civilian casualties.
It is a pity that they abandoned international rules and humanitarian righteousness, blindly made peace with fascism, and wanted to take advantage of the fire, which led to the ignition and burning, and finally paid a terrible price for the small profit in front of them.
The villain takes the profit, the gentleman takes the righteousness. I think that whether it is a country or an individual, in the long run, righteousness is actually a great benefit.
What do you think of the Soviet Union's assistance to China in the War of Resistance? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area, we will discuss together.