Will the physical education class after Yangkang run sick? Six sports safety recommendations after school starts

After experiencing a massive COVID infection, this school season is destined to be a little different. Many parents are worried that their children's physical condition after "Yangkang" is not suitable for physical education classes and physical education examinations, and hope to seek professional advice. So, is PE class still "safe" after school starts?

In this issue, "Doctor Goose Drop" and Beijing United Family Hospital and Hospital of Beijing are invited to invite Xia Qing, a pediatrician at Beijing United Family Hospital, and Liu Dong, a cardiac surgeon at United Family Rehabilitation Hospital, to talk about the precautions for safe exercise for students after "Yangkang".

Image source: Visual China

【1】What is the standard of "Yangkang"? Can PE classes cause damage to children after "Yangkang"?

The state has clear provisions on the criteria for the recovery of the new crown, such as normal body temperature, disappearance of symptoms, negative CT and negative nucleic acid tests for three consecutive times. However, child-specific rehabilitation standards have not yet taken shape, and some issues are still under discussion.

In addition, because viral infections attack the cardiovascular system, we have lower resistance for a period of time after infection, and the risk of injury is higher, and newly recovered children are more susceptible to sports injuries. Therefore, students should pay more attention to the problem of exercise intensity in physical education class, if the intensity is too large, normal children are also vulnerable to injury.

If the condition is more severe during the infection and progresses to pneumonia, it is best to do a comprehensive examination before exercise to assess cardiopulmonary function.

【2】Which sports are more suitable for physical education classes after "Yangkang" and can help improve the recovery of physical condition?

For outdoor sports, first of all, it is recommended to swing sports, such as table tennis, badminton, tennis and so on. Swing exercises are intermittent, comprehensive training that simultaneously improves flexibility, balance, strength and aerobic capacity.

Secondly, I recommend sports such as basketball, football, volleyball, etc. In addition, exercises such as cycling, walking, and swimming are also beneficial.

Children can exercise according to their own interests and hobbies, and stop in time according to their own feelings, without damaging the body. Regardless of the sport, the most important thing is the moderate control of intensity and measurement.

In addition, it should be noted that the recovery of the body through exercise needs to be carried out step by step, and it cannot be rushed. It is recommended that schools and students do not organize sports competitions, because children tend to neglect their physical condition in order to win the competition.

[3] For children with different physical constitutions and different levels of rehabilitation, how should physical education be taught?

Classified teaching can be used, such as low-intensity, medium-intensity and high-intensity according to intensity. As recovery time increases, increase the intensity of exercise little by little.

In addition, it is also possible to classify aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility training and balance training by type of training. We emphasize that flexibility training and balance exercises are placed at the beginning of PE classes to reduce the risk of sports injuries.

During exercise, pay attention to the control of the amount of exercise. Excessive exercise increases the risk of myocardial infarction and impairs the ability to exercise; Insufficient exercise is ineffective and does not help the body recover. Whether it's strength or measurement, we have to go step by step.

[4] How does the child decide whether he should stick to a sport or need to pause? How should teachers judge?

Here are two very simple scales to help us self-evaluate or evaluate the exercise status of others.

The first: the RPE scale used to judge exercise risk (self-exertion scale)

There are two types of RPE scales: 20 levels and 10 levels. Taking the 10-level RPE scale as an example, physical education classes can control the intensity between 5 and 7, and students who have not recovered well from the new crown can adjust it according to their physical fitness.

Level 10 RPE scale. Source: Official website of the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

The second: the Borg respiration scale that monitors respiratory status

In addition to the RPE scale, there is also a Borg respiration scale that specifically monitors respiratory status to help intervene in exercise. According to the "Guidelines for Returning to Sports (Yangkang Personnel) After Novel Coronavirus Infection Turns Yin" issued by the Guangdong Provincial Sports Bureau, normal people have a 6-minute walking distance of more than 450 meters (450-700 meters), the Borg score is generally below 11, and the heart rate is 110 times/min, and they can start to resume exercise according to the Yangkang exercise guidelines; If the 6-minute walk distance is less than 450 meters, indicating decreased exercise tolerance, consult a clinician for further cardiopulmonary status to determine an appropriate exercise regimen.

Brog respiration scale. Source: Official website of Guangdong Sports Bureau

[5] What physical indicators should we focus on to judge the physical condition of children?

Parents and school teachers need to pay attention to the daily state of their children, and it is best to master some assessment methods. I think that children's physical condition can be judged from three aspects: before, during, and after physical education.

First of all, pay attention to the state of your child before class. We are prone to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) after infection with the new crown, which is manifested as rapid consumption of mental, physical and endurance. For example, before it was okay to exercise for an hour, but now it is tired in half an hour. If the duration of fatigue exceeds 24 hours, it must be taken seriously.

Secondly, the child's status can be monitored through some simple experiments in class. For example: step experiment, six-minute walking experiment, 50-meter switchback run, etc., record blood pressure or heart rate before and after exercise: blood pressure measurement immediately after exercise, if it drops from before exercise, it is an abnormal state. Abnormal heart rate variability is when heart rate measurement after exercise fails to rise and then decrease, or if the increase and descent to normal heart rate is too long.

If there is, we will go to the hospital for examination, early detection and early treatment. In addition, the child's state can be judged according to the self-exertion scale and the Borg breathing scale.

If conditions permit, parents can buy sports bracelets, watches with heart rate monitoring functions, etc., to monitor the status of exercise.

Third, you need to do some stretching and recovery training after class to eliminate lactic acid produced by exercise.

【6】If there are danger signs such as difficulty breathing in physical education class, how should I deal with them in time?

First of all, immediately stop exercising, sit in the seat to rest, and try not to lie flat unless you are fainting. The sitting position is to avoid excessive return of blood from the lower extremities to the heart to reduce the load on the heart.

Second, it is necessary to regulate breathing according to the patient's self-perception, slowly increasing the depth of breathing to the limit to help restore the heart rate. Third, if possible, it is best to do heart rate and blood pressure testing and even oxygen.

If the patient does not resolve within one to three minutes, they should see a doctor immediately; If it alleviates on its own, some follow-up examinations should be done to find out the cause and prevent it in time.

In addition, if there is an extremely serious condition such as cardiorespiratory arrest, we need to intervene in an AED (automated external defibrillator). Now many public places have been popularized, and it is more convenient to use - we need to stick the two electrodes on the chest according to the diagram, and turn on the instrument to automatically analyze the electrocardiogram and whether an electric shock is needed, so that the success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is greatly improved. School teachers, especially physical education teachers, are generally trained, and it is recommended that regular refreshers be conducted by professional trainers.

Copyright statement: This article is an exclusive contribution of Tencent News "Goose Drop Doctor", and unauthorized media reproduction is prohibited.

Written by: Wang Zirui

Editor: Leng Haoyang