1
Chiang Kai-shek was a well-known political and military figure in modern China, and as a core figure who held the Kuomintang regime for a long time after the death of Sun Yat-sen, he had a very important influence on the course of China's modern history.
After 40 years of arbitrariness and independence in 1908, the Kuomintang army led by Chiang Kai-shek was defeated in three major battles in 1948.
As a result, the main force on which Chiang Kai-shek relied to maintain the rule of the system was almost wiped out in the war.
Thus, on January 21, 1949, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to declare his "retirement" and then returned to his hometown of Fenghua. But he did not hand over the power in his hands and wantonly used his power to sabotage peace negotiations.
On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China was proclaimed, and Chiang Kai-shek's political career on the mainland ended.
In December of the same year, Chiang Kai-shek was defeated in Taiwan.
What makes people wonder is that as a native of Fenghua, Chiang Kai-shek, who is in Taiwan, has ever thought of returning to his hometown, and whether he has the possibility of returning to the mainland?
In the face of Chiang Kai-shek, who is so ignorant of progress and retreat, what kind of attitude does the CPC Central Committee have, and what measures will it take?
A foreign journalist once asked Premier Zhou: "If the mainland and Taiwan achieve peaceful reunification, then what level of post do you intend to give Chiang Kai-shek and will it be a minister?" ”
Faced with such a difficult question, Premier Zhou naturally responded with ease and gave an answer that surprised everyone.
2
Soon after the founding of New China, it began to focus on its own construction.
Unexpectedly, in 1950, the Korean War broke out, and at this time, the United States, which has always regarded itself as a great power and had wolf ambitions, began to stir up trouble, and soon joined the Korean battlefield, and its rapid offensive seriously threatened the homeland security of the mainland and North Korea.
Under this grim situation, China resolutely decided to join the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
At this moment, the "evil hand" of the United States took the opportunity to reach out to Taiwan.
U.S. President Harry S. Truman, on the grounds that "the occupation of Taiwan by communist forces will directly threaten the security of the Pacific region," ordered the US Seventh Fleet to be stationed in the Taiwan Strait and, in the name of "assisting in the defense" of Taiwan, began his shameless act of supporting Chiang Kai-shek and opposing communism, and openly interfered in China's internal affairs by force.
In this way, it will prevent the liberation of Taiwan by the Chinese People's Liberation Army and hinder the great cause of China's reunification.
At this time, Chiang Kai-shek, in order to achieve his goal of launching a counter-offensive against the Chinese Communist Party again, chose to rely on the United States.
The United States must be pleased to see such a confrontation between Taiwan and the mainland; moreover, it is not the first time that Chiang Kai-shek has sought help from the United States.
As early as 1927, Chiang Kai-shek married Soong Mei-ling, so as to unite with Soong Ziwen, Kong Xiangxi and others to strengthen ties with the United States, you can know his "Sima Zhao's heart".
As soon as the United States interfered, it further aggravated the split between the mainland and the two sides of Taiwan.
In 1953, when U.S. military President Dwight D. Eisenhower came to power, he quickly stepped up his pace on the issue of creating Chinese mainland confrontation with Taiwan.
At this time, China, first of all, has just been established, and national construction has only just begun, and its strength is still limited; Second, it joined the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
In the face of the United States, as the world's largest power, it is slightly weak; Therefore, we have no choice but to set aside for the time being the issue of liberating Taiwan by force.
It was not until July 1953 that the United States signed the "Korean Armistice Agreement" and the mainland's War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea ended successfully, which directly eased the originally tense Sino-US situation.
And such an outcome may not be what Chiang Kai-shek expected.
After all, after this war, the possibility of the United States assisting him to start another war against Chinese mainland despite the people's anger is very small. Then with his own mournful soldiers, there is absolutely no way that he can rival the Chinese Communist Party.
At this time, all Chiang Kai-shek could do was wait. In addition, he tried his best to soothe his own anxious heart.
On the one hand, it is dependent on the United States, but also afraid of the threat and manipulation of the United States; On the other hand, he also understood that it was very likely that he would no longer be able to counterattack by force, and from then on he would be across the sea from the mainland, or even die in a foreign land.
Speaking of which, does Chiang Kai-shek really intend to stay in Taiwan from now on and be willing to die in a foreign land?
3
After the end of the Korean War, the United States also adjusted its policy toward Taiwan and began to fight a wishful thinking of letting Taiwan completely separate from Chinese territory, with the intention of persuading Chiang Kai-shek to abandon the Kinmen, Matsu, and other islands, defend Taiwan alone, and rule with Chinese mainland straits.
In the face of this US act, Chiang Kai-shek naturally understood what this meant.
No matter what kind Chinese of attitude Chiang Kai-shek has toward Chinese mainland the Chinese Communists, it is an internal issue, and his mind is to counterattack the mainland and enjoy the monopoly power to rule China, not to make Taiwan independent as the United States thinks.
Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek has publicly expressed his position on many occasions and insisted on one China, which is his principle.
Moreover, Chiang Kai-shek was concerned about his homeland. As a core figure of the Kuomintang regime, although he has been in Taiwan for decades, Chiang Kai-shek has shown his descendants that the coffin after his death should not be buried in the earth first, and that he should still be buried in the ancestral graveyard if he had the chance.
The return of fallen leaves to the root is still the wish of Chiang Kai-shek, who was born and raised in China, and has always been deeply hidden.
In 1957, Cao Juren, a high-ranking member of the Kuomintang, was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to travel from Taiwan to Fenghua Xikou, Zhejiang Province, which is Chiang Kai-shek's hometown, to visit Chiang Kai-shek's former residence and see his family's ancestral grave.
Cao Juren's heart at this time is undoubtedly worried, on the one hand, between his own identity, worried about personal safety is inevitable; In addition, thinking of the tomb of the Jiang family's ancestors, he couldn't help but worry in his heart:
"Everyone in the country hates Chiang Kai-shek, and the tomb of Chiang Kai-shek's ancestors has long been destroyed and chaotic."
But when Cao Juren arrived at Chiang Kai-shek's hometown unharmed and witnessed the tomb of Chiang Kai-shek's ancestors who were neatly and perfectly managed, his heart was shocked:
"It turns out that the Communist Party of China is such a political party, it can be compatible with the world, embrace all things, it really does not care about the past, it is a trustworthy political party!"
Therefore, after returning to Taiwan, Cao Juren truthfully informed Chiang Kai-shek of what he saw and felt during his visit, and expressed to Chiang Kai-shek his willingness to promote the third cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
That is to say, it is not completely impossible to realize the peaceful reunification of the two sides of the strait.
In 1959, Chairman Mao wrote a letter to Chiang Kai-shek, in which he stated the peaceful negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the realization of the third Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, and the efforts to complete the complete reunification of China.
In addition, the letter also mentioned that "the tomb of Fenghua is still there, and the flowers and grass of the Xikou are unharmed." Chairman Mao took the opportunity to tell Chiang Kai-shek that his former residence and his tomb of Chiang Kai-shek's ancestors were all right, reassuring him and expecting him to return home to visit him at an early date.
Reading this, Chiang Kai-shek's gaze looked in the direction of the mainland and pondered for a long time.
He knew that this letter was of great significance, deeply felt the determination of the CPC Central Committee to realize the complete reunification of the motherland, and also saw the sincere attitude of the CPC Central Committee.
He knew that as long as he gave up the obsession in his heart, he might still be able to return to his hometown to spend his old age in peace, but unfortunately, Chiang Kai-shek did not give a response.
Then, Chiang Kai-shek did not want to split China and become a sinner who deceived his teachers and destroyed his ancestors, nor did he have the strength to counterattack entirely by force.
From this point of view, if he wants to return to his hometown, it seems that there is only one way in front of him - or to negotiate peace with the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
4
After the victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the CPC Central Committee's policy on Taiwan work changed from reunification by force to peaceful reunification, but reunification by force was not excluded.
In 1955, Premier Zhou Enlai first proposed at the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress:
"We are willing to strive as far as possible for the liberation of Taiwan by peaceful means as possible."
This is also the first time that the CPC Central Committee has publicly expressed its willingness to resolve the Taiwan issue by peaceful means.
In 1956, Premier Zhou led a delegation to visit Southeast Asia, and all countries warmly welcomed it.
At the welcome banquet held in India, a reporter posed an unexpected question to Premier Zhou, saying: "If the mainland and the two sides of Taiwan achieve peaceful reunification, then what level of post do you plan to give Chiang Kai-shek and will it be a minister or something?" ”
As soon as this remark came out, all the people present speculated one after another, and everyone wanted to know how Premier Zhou would answer.
Obviously, this is not an easy question to answer, and if the position is lowered, Chiang Kai-shek will certainly use this as an excuse to generate resentment and will not play a role in persuading him to surrender; If you give it high, it is a serious consideration to the system of authority of the Party Central Committee.
But Premier Zhou looked relaxed and smiled back at the reporter:
"Minister, it's too low!" If Chiang Kai-shek had returned to the mainland and had the intention of taking up his post, his position would never have been lower than that of a premier of the State Council! ”
After listening to these words, everyone will understand the meaning of Premier Zhou's words.
The reason why Premier Zhou has given such a high post is on the one hand because he attaches great importance to the Taiwan issue and also earnestly hopes that Taiwan will return to the embrace of the motherland at an early date. On the other hand, as the premier of the country, what he "gives" is his own position, then the personnel of other positions in the party will certainly not complain, which can be described as great wisdom and courage, which not only cleverly answers this difficult question in seconds, but also fully demonstrates the arrogance and demeanor of the Communist Party of China.
In addition, Chairman Mao also said: "We and our Taiwan compatriots should value peace, after all, we are all descendants of Yan Huang." ”
Chairman Mao's words have their own profound meaning, and people are speculating and expecting a new round of Kuomintang-Communist cooperation.
In the 1960s, the political environment in the CCP region changed, which also negatively affected Chiang Kai-shek's attitude toward the third Kuomintang-Communist cooperation.
The issue of peaceful cross-strait reunification has once again been shelved.
It was not until 1971 that the United Nations regained its rightful seat in the Chinese mainland, while the representatives of the National Party were expelled from the United Nations.
At the same time, with the visit of Dr. Kissinger, the assistant to US national security affairs, Sino-US relations are expected to break the ice. At this time, the peaceful reunification of the two sides of the strait has fewer obstacles and more possibilities, and the issue of peaceful reunification has been put back on the agenda.
Due to the illness and death of Cao Juren, who had long been in contact with the top brass of both parties of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, Zhang Shizhao, who was in his nineties, took the initiative to ask for help and went to Hong Kong in 1973 to negotiate with some members of the Kuomintang.
Zhang Shizhao did not fail in his mission and successfully won Chiang Kai-shek's agreement to once again agree to hold peace talks with the Chinese Communists, so that peaceful reunification of the two sides of the strait is expected to be imminent.
In 1975, Chiang Kai-shek entrusted Chen Lifu, an original figure in the Kuomintang, to take the initiative to extend an invitation to the Chinese Communists, further promoting the great cause of peaceful reunification.
Unfortunately, before this could be brought to a conclusion, Chiang Kai-shek died of illness in Taipei in April of that year.
5
Since then, the Taiwan authorities have changed their top leaders and changed their policies.
The following year, Premier Zhou and Chairman Mao, who had devoted themselves to the peaceful settlement of the Taiwan issue, passed away one after another.
So far, the Taiwan issue has not been resolved.
As everyone knows, Taiwan is China's territory, and we have always adhered to the one-China principle.
Taiwan compatriots are also Chinese, and the CPC Central Committee will not use force to realize that the motherland is completely the same unless it is absolutely necessary.
However, this does not mean that the Party Central Committee will not use force to resolve the Taiwan issue. Peaceful reunification is the hope of all of us. Even though our Party has made great regressions and compromises, it is a pity and a sadness that Chiang Kai-shek did not choose to return to the mainland in the end of his lifetime.
As sons and daughters of China, we have every reason to believe that after so many people's efforts and the steady stream of efforts in the future, Taiwan Island will surely return to the embrace of the motherland in the near future.