preface
A few days ago, the Zhoushan Science and Technology Public Welfare Project "Research and Demonstration of Dinghai Traditional Famous Fruit Quality Improvement Technology System" project undertaken by me passed the acceptance. The original intention of this project is to give large-scale growers a way to improve their own quality, and at the same time to think about the direction of the work of the technical department in the development of these industries in the new era of the development of the three traditional fruits of Dinghai (late rice bayberry, Gao Qixiang grapefruit, and Jintang plum). During the two years of project implementation, I felt very deeply. To this end, some materials for the implementation of the project have been sorted out and shared through the platform of the official account.
The first article, seasonal fruits and quality
Regarding the meaning of seasonal fruits, I checked Baidu. The explanation on Baidu is that seasonal fruits are various fruits that ripen according to the laws of nature in different seasons. At the same time, there is a definition: once the specific season of the fruit is exceeded, it is impossible to cultivate and grow this fruit. From the above meaning, the understanding of the season mainly comes from two aspects, one is that the fruit listed in a certain period has the specificity of the season, and the fruit at this time has the mark of the season, and there is a expression of "not eating from time to time" in the Analects of the Township Party. From the perspective of planting, it cannot be produced annually.
Seasonal fruits have important significance for bayberry, in reality, the seasonal characteristics of bayberry are more prominent, the time is short, and the quality changes quickly, thus forming the core two aspects of the influencing factors of bayberry fruit quality. It is also for these reasons that the quality of its final commodity fruit is greatly affected by two factors, one is extremely susceptible to the influence of the external environment, and the other is closely related to the level of pickers. This paper mainly explores the influencing factors of bayberry, especially the quality of late rice bayberry fruit, and understands the particularity of late rice bayberry fruit cultivation from it, to explain why late rice bayberry fruit products are not seen in other places.
Let's start with the requirements for the quality of commercial fruits in late rice bayberry. As one of the four best bayberry varieties in China, it is considered to be the best quality of late rice bayberry, how can it be regarded as a high-quality late rice bayberry? I often use the eight words "black and shiny, sweet and sticky and slightly fragrant" to express the appearance and edible quality of late rice bayberry, in addition, "the fruit is large and small, the meat column is round and blunt" is also an important content, but these eight words are not commonly used.
If expressed in terms of data, it can be expressed in terms of single fruit weight The size of the fruit, the edible rate represents the size of the core, the amount of soluble solids to express the sweetness, and the solid acid ratio to express the flavor; Of course, some data cannot be found, such as the texture and freshness of the sticky aroma need to be tasted with the mouth, and the color needs to be visualized.
To this end, I made a visual grading standard for late rice bayberry in DinghaiShan (trial) in this project, and in this standard, the 4 late rice bayberry in the upper left corner are considered to be the best. Because it is big enough, the color is black enough, and the sugar is high enough, it is natural enough to eat, so the grade naturally goes up.
When we have the goal of high-quality late rice bayberry, we need to understand what factors will cause us some difficulties in obtaining such bayberry? When we walked into the real bayberry garden and looked for the 4 bayberry in the upper left corner of my grading standard, we could feel some real problems.
First, what kind of bayberry tree does such a bayberry grow on, in other words, what kind of late rice bayberry tree can produce such a bayberry? The main purpose of this is to show that the tree age and standing conditions such as the orchard reality on the quality of the restriction effect, such as the early fruit tree of the late rice bayberry, there can be no round blunt flesh column, the color is often not up to the level of black, the fruit is naturally smaller, so many places after the introduction of late rice bayberry is not good and cut. Tree age is the basic condition for the quality of late rice bayberry.
Second, can such bayberry be harvested this year? It's mainly from the climate. The first is the problem of large and small years, the core of this problem is whether there is a yield, without which there is naturally no bayberry. The second is that even if there are bayberry, will the weather during the ripening period allow these bayberry to reach what we call quality, such as color and solid content, if it rains continuously? For example, this year's Bayberry Season in Zhejiang. For example, this year is very hot.
Third, when we see the branches of the trees in the bayberry garden hanging fruit similar to the high-quality late rice bayberry, is it equivalent to the bayberry in your basket? Or the black bayberry we see on the tall branches, is it really black? The key here is picking, one is the problem of whether it can be harvested, and the other is the level of picking. If you can't pick it, even if there is such a bayberry, it is also a white match, if the picking is not good, then the purple and red bayberry is taken as a black and purple picking, and naturally there is no fine bayberry.
Therefore, we can see that for late rice bayberry, the age of the tree is the foundation, the weather determines the quality to a large extent, and whether it can eventually become a commercial fruit, picking becomes the key. And the cultivation measures we are familiar with, such as fertilization, pruning and other corresponding effects, I think it is necessary to build on the basis of the front, that is, when the weather in this year's bayberry season is not good, in principle, no matter how hard people try, they can't produce good bayberry, as the saying goes, look at god's face. When the climate is normal, picking needs to be prioritized, if your orchard is not picked by people, or the level of pickers is too poor, then increase the input of picking personnel and the training and technical level of picking personnel, more than the investment in the cultivation and management of bayberry orchards. I think it's important to understand this sequence.
Finally, going back to the season mentioned at the beginning of this article, I think it is possible to further understand the word, season: the command of time. When the bayberry is red, it changes with the day, and this change is like the command of time, for the grower, it is necessary to harvest in this short time; Similarly, for consumers, it is necessary to seize the time to buy and taste.
When this process takes less time and is more susceptible to climate influence, the stability of both fruit quality, yield and supply time is even worse. I think this is the reality of late rice bayberry.
The bayberry, which is picked during the ripening season of late rice bayberry, can ensure the quality of commercial fruits by grading. For the visual grading standard of late rice bayberry, on the one hand, it is possible to judge the quality of the arbutus harvested by the grower, and find some reasons from it, such as the reason for the lack of fine fruits after grading is the factor of the tree itself, or the climate or the reason for picking, in order to make targeted improvements. On the other hand, such a standard can also compare the quality of late rice bayberry bought by consumers to see what kind of quality level the bayberry they buy belongs to.
Thanks for reading.
The next article introduces the relationship between color and quality of late rice arbutus fruit, and my views on this correlation.