There is the Tang Dynasty, the four sides of the frontier are dominated by military operations, and the construction of its military strength is inseparable from the guarantee of the system, the early Tang Dynasty's military system in the peasants, after the abolition of the army and the horse, and then the town of Fang. In this way, the military strength of the central government was repeatedly reduced, and eventually the branches were strong and weak, and the Tang imperial family could not resist the power of the feudal towns like Zhu Wen, and it became a relic after being gradually encroached upon.
In the Tang system, the Heavenly Son lived in the "Ya", and the line was known as "driving", all of which had guards and strictness. Yu Bao, Hua Gai, Jing Qi, Han Bi, Chariot and Horse are all quiet and not noisy. His people will act with fans, and when they enter and exit, they will strike the bell, the court will set up a music palace, and the road will have a halogen book and a trumpet. Etiquette hundred must-haves and then move, cover so be cautious also. Therefore, prudence is dignity, and dignity is solemn.
As for the soldiers of the government, they were first born in the peasants, and their residence, upbringing, livestock materials, waiting, actions, and rest all had programs, although they could not fully comply with the ancient law and cover their carelessness, and the reason why this High Ancestor and Emperor Taizong were prosperous. In their later generations, their descendants are arrogant and weak, unable to abide by them, and repeatedly change their systems. The husband puts the army to stop the chaos, and its disadvantages are also enough for the chaos; And even worse, he trapped the world to feed the chaos, and then he died.
Gai Tang has been under the heavens for more than two hundred years, and the general trend of soldiers has changed three times: at its beginning there were fu soldiers, and after the fu soldiers were abolished, they were abandoned as horses, and the soldiers of Fang Zhen were prosperous. At the end of the day, the strong generals deployed the army to the world, and the Son of Heaven also placed his own troops in the Beijing Division, known as the Forbidden Army. After that, Tianzi was weak, Fang Zhen was strong, and Tang Sui was destroyed, and the situation of the measures was also made. If it is a general, a battalion, a car flag, an apparatus, a conscription, a guard, and a soldier, he shall not remember the deeds of the soldiers, but shall remember the traces of their abolition, gain and loss, the beginning, the end, the control of chaos, and the rise and fall of the clouds, and think that they will be warned of the clouds in the hereafter.
The system of soldiers in the early Tang Dynasty
The system of fu soldiers began in Western Wei and Later Zhou, and was prepared in Sui and Tang Xing. The Sui Twelve Guards, Yue Yi Wei, Yue Xiao Riding Guard, Yue Wu Wei, Yue Tun Wei, Yue Yu Wei, Yue Hou Wei, left and right, all have generals to divide the troops of the provinces. The house has lang generals, deputy lang generals, shop owners, and regiment masters, who rule with each other. There are also horses and horses, and there are generals. Later, he rode the Eagle Yang Lang General and the car rode the Vice Lang General. Don't put aside the folding punch, the fruit.
The territory of the Tang Dynasty in the 29th year of the New Century
Since the beginning of Gao Zu, the General's Mansion has been opened, with the construction of the left to lead the governor, leading the left three armies, dunhuang duke as the right leader of the capital governor, leading the right three armies, Yuan Ji unified the middle army. From Taiyuan, there are 30,000 soldiers. And the rebellions were subordinated to each other and the bandits, and 200,000 soldiers were obtained. At the beginning of Wu Dechu, he began to set up a military palace, and was led by two generals' mansions, riding horses and horses. There are twelve provinces in the analysis of Guanzhong, namely Wannian Road, Chang'an Road, Fuping Road, Liquan Road, Tongzhou Road, Huazhou Road, Ningzhou Road, Qizhou Road, Fengzhou Road, Xilinzhou Road, Jingzhou Road, and Yizhou Road. For three years, wannian dao was used as the banner army, Chang'an Dao was the drum army, Fuping Dao was the Xuange army, Liquan Dao was the Jingyu army, Tongzhou Dao was the Yulin army, Huazhou Dao was the cavalry army, Ningzhou Dao was the Folding Wei Army, Qizhou Dao was the Pingdao Army, Fengzhou Dao was the Zhao waving army, XilinZhou Dao was the Yuan Youjun, Jingzhou Dao was the Tianji Army, and Yizhou Dao was the Tianjie Army; The general and deputy of the army shall supervise the cultivation of the war and the commander of the government by car. In the sixth year, with the establishment of the world, the Twelfth Army was abolished, and the unified army was changed to a horse riding and another general. In his spare years, the Twelve Armies were restored, and the army placed one general, the army had a workshop, and the owner was placed, to inspect the household registration and persuade the peasants to teach.
Emperor Taizong was in the tenth year of Zhenguan,000 years, and he was renamed as the Commander of the Folding Chong Capital, and the Commander-in-Chief of the Provinces was the Folding Chong Province. All the ten ways under the heavens, the six hundred and thirty-four houses, all have names, and the two hundred and sixty in Guannei have one, all of which are subordinate to the guards. The third class of the mortal house: two hundred soldiers are superior, one thousand people are middle, and eight hundred people are subordinate. There was one lieutenant in the prefectural office, one lieutenant on the left and right Guoyi, one each in Changshi, Bing Cao, and Bei General, and six lieutenants in the school. The regiment consisted of three hundred men, and the regiment had a lieutenant; Fifty people are in the team, and the team is positive; Ten people are fire, and fire is long. Fire prepared six pack horses. All fire utensils are Ubud curtain, iron horse cup, cloth groove, shovel, hammer, chisel, basket, axe, pincer, saw are all one, two nail beds, two hammers; The team has one fire drill, one chest horse rope, three first and three foot stumbles; Man has a bow one, a thirty arrows, a hulu, a horizontal knife, a stone, a large sword, a felt hat, a felt suit, a line of vines, nine buckets of wheat rice, and two buckets of rice, all of which are self-prepared, and their intermediary and rong tools are hidden in the library. If there is a levy, it is given as if it comes in and out. The only way to go up is to give a bow and a horizontal knife.
Whoever is twenty years old shall be a soldier, and sixty shall be spared. Those who can ride and shoot are Yue, and the rest are infantry, armed horses, platoons, and rifles.
The system of prefectural garrison exercises
In the winter of each year, Lieutenant Chong Chong led the five schools of soldiers and horses in the palace, and placed the two lieutenants on the left and right, and the positions were 100 steps apart. Each school is composed of ten infantry teams and one cavalry team, all of which roll up the flags, spread the blade flags, and scatter them to the side. The horned hand blows the big horn, and the schools all ride in line; Ertong, Yanqi, Xiewan; Three links, flag raising. The left and right schools beat the drums, and the people of the second school marched in unison. The right colonel hits the hammer, the team is small, and the left school enters and drives to the right school; The left school hits the pot, but the right school enters and drives to the left school; Right Colonel Re-Strikes, Team Back, Left Colonel Replays Thin Battles; All hit the hammer, and the team returned. The big horns are repeated, all of which are rolled flags, arrows, flaccid bows, and cassette blades; Two passes, flag lifting, team all advancing; The three links, left and right schools are also introduced. It was also a day, because of the hunting, and each of them was taken into his own people. It is subordinate to Wei Ye, the left and right guards all lead sixty provinces, the guards lead fifty to forty, and the rest are subordinate to the six rates of the Eastern Palace.
All the soldiers of the Province are under the Spell Deed, and the State Assassination History and the Folding Survey Deed are issued. If the whole province is issued, it is possible to fold the following lieutenants; If it is not exhausted, then the fruit will be resolute; Don't do it. Whoever gives the horses, the officials give them the money of twenty-five thousand for each horse. The history of thorns, the folding of the chong, and the fruit of the year do not allow the war to be fought, and the money is more marketable, and if it is insufficient, it is enough for the government.
Whoever is a guardian of the guards, the army is given a fan from near and far, five hundred miles for five times, seven times for a thousand miles, eight times for fifteen hundred miles, ten times for two thousand miles, and twelve times for the outside, all in January. If Jane stays as a straight guard, five hundred miles is seven times, a thousand miles eight times, two thousand miles ten times, and the outside is twelve times, also on the moon.
In the second year of the first heaven, he said: "Those who used to divide and build house guards, count households and fill up troops, cut enough weekly affairs, recruit twenty-one, send out sixty-one troops, and work hard to avoid hiding." It is advisable to take more than twenty-five years old and fifty years and be exempted. Those who repeatedly enlist the town will be exempted for ten years. "Although there is something to say, but it is not a matter of doing. In the sixth year of Emperor Xuanzong's reign, he began to fold the soldiers of Chong Province every six years old. Since Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu, the world has not used soldiers for a long time, the law of the government soldiers has been damaged, and the number of soldiers has not been replaced, and the guards have died slightly, and the benefits have been dissipated, and the guards cannot be given. Prime Minister Zhang said that he was asking all the recruits to stay guard. In the eleventh year, Jingzhao, Pu, Tong, Qi, Huafu Bing, and Bai Ding were taken, and Yi Yilu Governor served as a soldier, a total of 120,000 soldiers, with the title of "Chang Congsu Su Wei", and the second year of the year, ordered Shangshu Zuo Cheng Xiao Song to be selected by the state officials. Next year, it will be called "Ride". He also commanded: "The capital of the states, Ma Que, is supplemented by officials and private individuals." Now the soldiers are poor, but they are given to the overseers to herd horses. "However, since the people of the various provinces have benefited more and not made up for it, they will accumulate years and not be moved, and the soldiers will be ashamed of it."
Thirteen years, the guō rode under the twelve guards, a total of 120,000, six times, each guard 10,000 people. Jing Zhaoyi rode 66,000, Huazhou 6,000, Tongzhou 9,000, Puzhou 2,300, Daizhou 3,600, Jinzhou 1,500, Qizhou 6,000, Henan Province 3,000, Shaanxi, Yu, Ru, Zheng, Huai, and Bian 600 each, and the inner crossbowmen 6,000. Its system: all choose the next household Bai Ding, Zong Ding, Pin Zi strong more than five feet seven inches, less than the household eight grades of five feet or more, are exempted from the town, enlistment, for the four nationalities, the military department and the state, county, wei division. Ten people are for fire, and five fires are regiments, and each has a leader. He also chose the brave man as the head of the fan, and was quite accustomed to crossbow shooting. There are also Yulin army flying horses, and also learn crossbows. The crossbow is self-sufficient, with three hundred steps, four shots and two shots; Two hundred and thirty steps of the crossbow, four shots and two shots; Horned crossbow two hundred steps, four shots and three shots; Single bow and crossbow one hundred and sixty steps, four shots and two shots: all are and the first. All the armies are close to the camp, and the soldiers have the one who practices, the one who teaches the test, and the one who rewards the first.
Since Tianbao, the method of riding has been slightly abolished, and all the soldiers have lost their way. After eight years, he rushed to the provinces until there were no soldiers to hand over, so Li Linfu asked him to stop the fish book. After that, there were soldiers and officials, and the weapons, horses, pots, and grain were abolished, so that the people of the government were called attendants and guards of the Heavenly Son; In the end, Wei Zuo learned that dummies were child slaves, and the Jingshi people were ashamed, and even if they insulted each other, they would be known as attendants. And the six armies are all city people, the rich sell color and eat sorghum meat, the strong ones are horns, tug-of-war, warping wood, carrying iron plays, and Lushan rebellion, can not be subject to armor.
In the beginning, the soldiers of the government were placed in the field when there was nothing to do, and the one who was on the top of it was only the Su Wei Jing Division. If there is a problem in the four sides, the fate will be out, the matter will be dissolved, and the soldiers will be scattered in the palace, and they will be returned to the dynasty. The old soldiers are not unemployed, and the generals do not have the weight of the soldiers, so the prevention of microaggressions and the extinction of chaos are also cute. And when the military art of the government is bad and Fang Zhensheng is prosperous, although the warrior general is fine, according to the danger, he has both his land and his people, and his armored soldiers, and his wealth, so as to lay out the world. However, Fang Zhen had to be strong, and Jing Shi had to be weak, so he knew that the situation of the measures was so, so as well.
The town of Phan is the source of the stream
The so-called Fang Zhen is also a soldier. It began with the defenders of the frontier. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the soldiers of the frontier, the big yue army, the small yue shou catch, the city, the yue town, and in short, the tao: Ruo Lu Long Jun I, The Eastern Army and other shou catch eleven, Yue Ping Lu Dao; Henghai, Beiping, Gaoyang, Jingluo, Ansai, Naxia, Tangxing, Bohai, Huairou, Weiwu, Zhenyuan, Jingsai, Xiongwu, Zhen'an, Huaiyuan, Baodingjun 16, Fanyang Dao; Tianbing, Datong, Cheonan, Yokono Junsi, Ganlan and other shou catch five, yuehe dongdao; Shuofang Jingluo, Feng'an, Dingyuan, Xinchang, Tianzhu, Yuzhou Jingluo, Hengsai, Tiande, Tian'an Junjiu, Sanshou Descending, Fengning, Baoning, Wuyan and other six cities, Xinquan Shoujiaoyi, known as Guannei Dao; Chishui, Dadou, Baiting, Doulu, Moli, Jiankang, Ningkou, Yumen, Yiwu, Tianshan Junshi, Wucheng and other shoujiao xisi, known as Hexi Dao; Hanhai, Qinghai, Jingsai Army THREE, Sha Bao and other shou catch ten, known as Beiting Road; Bao Dajun I, Eagle Shu Du Du Yi, Lan Cheng, etc. Guard and Capture Eight, Known as AnXi Dao; Zhenxi, Tiancheng, Zhenwei, Anren, Suirong, Heyuan, Baishui, Tianwei, Yulin, Lintao, Momen, Shence, Ningbian, Weisheng, Jintian, Wuning, Yaowu, Jishijun XVIII, Pingyi, Suihe, Hechuan Shoujiao III, Long right road; Wei rong, Anyi, Kunming, Ningyuan, Hongyuan, Tonghua, Songdang, Pingrong, Tianbao, Weiyuan army ten, Yang Guantian and other shou capture fifteen, Xin'an and other cities thirty-two, Qianwei and other towns thirty-eight, known as Jiannan Province; Lingnan, Annam, Guiguan, Yongguan, Rongguan Jingluo, Qing Navy VI, Lingnan Road; Fuzhou Jingluojun I, known as Jiangnan Province; Pinghai 1, Dongmu, Donglai Shoujiao II, Penglai Town 1, Henan Province. This border defense system from Wude to Tianbao. His army, city, town, and garrison all have envoys, and the Dao has a general, known as the grand governor, and has been known as the governor. By the time of Emperor Taizong, the marching army was called the Grand Governor, and in his own way he was known as the Governor of Dadu. Since Emperor Gaozong's Yonghui, he has led envoys to the festival, and he was originally called a festival envoy, but he was not a famous official. In the second year of Jing Yun's reign, HeBa Yansi was made the governor of Liangzhou and the envoy of Hexi Jiedushi. Since then, following Kaiyuan, shuofang, longyou, Hedong, and Hexi towns have all been placed in jiedushi.
And Fan Yang Jiedu made An Lushan rebel, invaded the Beijing Division, and the Tianzi's army was weak and could not resist, so he fell to the two capitals. Emperor Suzong raised the Spirit Martial Arts, and the soldiers of the towns rose up against thieves. Later, Lushan Zi Qingxu and Shi Siming's father and son succeeded him, and the great chaos in China, Emperor Suzong ordered Li Guangbi and others to negotiate, and he was called the "Master of the Nine Knots". For a long time, the great thieves were destroyed, and the warriors of the warriors rose up with merit and were listed as princes, except for the emissaries. The town of Fang is facing the interior, the large one is more than ten states, and the small one is also three or four. Therefore, the arrogant soldiers are commanders one by one, and the handsome and strong rebel. or the Father and the Son holding his soldiers and refusing to take his place; Or because of the choice of soldiers, they often choose their own generals, with the title of "staying behind", in order to invite orders to the dynasty. If the Son of Heaven cannot control it, he will endure shame and dirt, so he caresses it, which is called a government of appeasement. Gai appeasement begins with the arrogance of the soldiers, and the arrogance of the soldiers is from Fang Zhen, and the more the appeasement is, the more proud the soldiers will be. By ordering himself to attack, to capture his generals, and to his land, the Son of Heaven did not know what to do, but instead reconciled, Mo Ken obeyed the order.
At the beginning, he was a patient of the imperial court, and was called "Three Towns of Heshuo". At the end of the day, Zhu Quanzhong used Liang Bing and Li Ke to use jinbing to commit more crimes against the Jing Division, while Li Maozhen and Han Jian were close to Qi and Hua, and they were arrogantly angry, and the soldiers had reached the gate of the country, and Tianzi repented for killing the minister and committing his sins, and then went. And Emperor Zhaozong used Cui Yin to summon Liang Bing to be a eunuch, robbing Tianzi Benqi, and Liang Bing besieged him for more than a year. At this time, the soldiers of the world will not return to the king. Those who turn to the so-called three towns can only cause disaster. The other large towns, Wu, Zhejiang, Jing, Hu, Min, and Guang in the south, Qi and Shu in the west, Yan and Jin in the north, and Liang pirates, all of which were divided from Fang Zhenyi, outside the Guomen.
The beginning of the old soldier is heavier than the outside, and the land and the people are not owned by the Son of Heaven; Both its prosperity and its prosperity, orders, expropriations are not its own; And even more so, he had no earth, but could not shelter his wife's clan, and died. The words said: "The soldiers are still on fire, and the soldiers will set themselves on fire." "Those who are evil and dangerous and want to be safe, the mediocre lord can know, and as for the mistake of measures, it is called trapping the world to feed the chaos." Tang Zhi's placement of troops is not only external to teach people, but the end is big and small, and the square area is a plan to defend itself, but it is not mournful!
The forbidden army originated
The so-called Heavenly Son's Forbidden Army, the Southern and Northern Soldiers. Nan Ya, the guards are also; The Northern One, the Forbidden Army also.
In the beginning, Gao Zu raised Taiyuan with a righteous army, and had already set the world, and he was sent back, and he wished to stay with 30,000 guards. Gao Zu gave it to him by the people of Weibei Baiqu who abandoned the fields and gave it the title of "Yuan Cong Forbidden Army". After the old age does not do anything, it is called the "father and son army" in its descendants. And at the beginning of zhenguan, Emperor Taizong chose a hundred good archers, for the second time on the north gate chief, known as "hundred horses". To hunt from the fields. Seven battalions of Beiya were also placed, and the selection of materials was strong, and one battalion was on the same month. In the twelfth year, he began to camp at Xuanwu Gate, led by the generals of the Guards, and called "flying horses", the method of which was: to take the second class or above, six feet long and strong, test the bow horse four times, raise the pass five, and walk thirty steps with negative rice. The compound horse shoots for a hundred horses, dressed in five-colored robes, riding six idle barge horses, tiger skin whips, for You XingYiwei.
In the second year of Emperor Gaozong's reign, he began to take the fu soldiers to cross the horse and shoot at the left and right Yulin armies, while the Great Dynasty would hold the wei ranks and the Xingxing would be the internal battle. After Wu Hou changed the name of "thousand horses". Emperor Zhongzong also changed the name of "ten thousand horses" to "ten thousand horses", and divided the left and right camps. And Emperor Xuanzong used ten thousand horses to ping Wei shi, changed to the left and right Dragon Wu army, all using the sons of Tang Yuan gong and the ruosu guards. At that time, the liangjiazi avoided the conscripts, and they all paid for the army, and they were even more up in the forest. In the twelfth year of the new century, he commanded the Yulin Army and the Flying Horse Que, took the capital of the Capital Prefecture, and printed his arm with the Hubu, which was the second nationality, and the Yulin and Bing parts were in charge. In the last year, the forbidden army was soaked, and Lushan rebelled, Tianzi drove west, the forbidden army was cut down by a thousand people, Suzong went to Lingwu, the soldiers were less than a hundred, and took the throne, slightly reassigning the Northern Army. To the second generation of virtue, put around the Shenwu Army, supplement the Yuan cong, follow the official disciples, insufficient to take its color, with the same as the four armies, also known as the "Shenwu Heavenly Horse", the system is like Yulin. It is known as the "Sixth Army of the Northern Province". He also chose to ride the archer to set up a thousand archers in front of the ya, also known as "offering archers", also known as "shooting in front of the temple", divided into left and right compartments. In the first year of the Qianyuan Dynasty, Li Fuguo used things to invite five hundred Yulin knights to invite him to tour. Li Yu said: "The Han Dynasty was controlled by the southern and northern armies, so Zhou Bo used the northern army of the An Liu clan. The imperial court placed the southern and northern districts and the Wenwu districts in order to observe each other. Now using Yulin to replace The Kingo Police, suddenly there is a very special, how to control it? That's it.
In the Shangyuan Dynasty, Wei Boyu was made the envoy of the Divine Strategy Army, and the town of Shaanzhou, and the envoy Yu Chao'en was the envoy of the Guan Army and supervised his army.