Dayu, his name is Wen Ming. Yu's father was named Cang, and he was a descendant of the Yellow Emperor. He was the most famous water hero in ancient China.
When Yao was still alive, the floods in the Central Plains flooded and overwhelmed the crops, the mountains, the people's houses, the people were displaced, many people had to leave their homes, and the floods brought boundless disasters to the people. In this situation, Yao is determined to eliminate the flood, so he begins to visit people who can control the flood.
Da Yu Zhi Shui
One day, he took his ministers to his side and said to them, "Ministers, now that the flood is at the head and the people are suffering, we must cure this great water.
So the courtiers and the leaders of the tribes elected the carp. Yao had always felt that the person was not credible, but there was no more suitable candidate at the moment, so he temporarily entrusted the task of controlling water to the carp.
After nine years of curing the water, the water has not subsided, and not only is there no way, but it is also passive and sluggish, taking the arduous task of the state as a child. Later, Shun began to run the government, and the first problem he encountered was also the control of water, and he first removed Cang from his post and exiled him to Yushan, where he later died.
Shun also came to ask the ministers for advice to see who could cure this water, and the ministers recommended Yu, who said: "Although Yu is the son of Cang, he is much stronger than his father's moral ability, this person is humble, polite, serious in his work, and his life is very simple." Shun did not despise him because he was the son of Cang, but quickly entrusted him with the task of controlling water.
Dayu was really a virtuous man, and he did not feel jealous of Shun's punishment of his father, but gladly accepted the task. He secretly made up his mind: "My father has brought suffering to the people because he did not cure the water, and I will try harder." ”
But he knew what a great duty it was! Where does he dare to slack off in the slightest. Considering this special task, Shun sent two sages, Boyi and Houji, to join him in his work.
At that time, Dayu had only been married for four days, and his wife Tu Shanshi, a virtuous woman, agreed to let her husband go, and Dayu said goodbye to his loving wife with tears and embarked on a journey.
Yu led Bo Yi, Hou Ji and a group of assistants, wading through mountains and rivers, eating and sleeping in the wind, and traveled all over the mountains and rivers of the Central Plains at that time, leaving their footprints in poor and remote areas and inaccessible places. Dayu felt that his father had not completed the great cause of water control and left regrets empty, and this task must be completed in his hands. Along the way, he saw countless people struggling in the flood, he shed his tears again and again in front of those displaced people, and when it came to water control, acquaintances and unknown people would offer him the most precious things, of course, he would not accept these things, but he felt that the people's affection was too strong and too strong, which also doubled his determination and confidence.
Dayu holds the criterion in his left hand and the rule in his right hand, and measures wherever he goes. He learned the lesson of his father's use of the method of interception to control water, and invented a new method of water diversion, the main point of which was to dredge the waterway so that the water could flow smoothly eastward into the sea. Whenever Dayu found that a place needed to be governed, he went to various tribes to mobilize the masses to work, and whenever the water conservancy project began, he worked with the people, ate at the construction site, slept on the construction site, dug up mountains and stones, and dried the stars and the moon.
He lived in a simple life, lived in a small hut with a very low thatch, and ate worse than the average person. But in water conservancy projects, he is the most willing to spend money, and whenever he lacks money to deal with a flood, he personally fights for it.
Once he passed by his home and heard the cries of a child, that is, his wife Tu Shan had just given birth to a son for him, how he wanted to go back and see his wife and children with his own eyes, but when he thought of the arduous task of controlling water, he had to perform a big gift to the hut in his home, with tears in his eyes, and rode away on horseback.
According to the geographical conditions of the mountains and rivers, Dayu divided China into nine states, namely: Jizhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yanzhou, Yangzhou, Liangzhou, Yuzhou, Yongzhou, and Jingzhou. His method of water control is to treat the mountains and rivers of the whole of China as a whole, he first governs the land of Kyushu, the dredging that should be dredged, the leveling that should be leveled, so that a large number of places become fertile land.
Then he governed the mountains, and the mountains he governed were Qishan, Jingshan, Leishoushan, Taiyue, Taihang, Wanglaoshan, Changshan, Pillar Mountain, Jieshi Mountain, Taihua Mountain, Dabie Mountain, etc., that is, to dredge the waterways, so that the water could flow smoothly down and not block the waterways. After the mountain road was well managed, he began to straighten out the water veins, and most of the rivers north of the Yangtze River left traces of his governance.
He pays attention to wisdom in water management, such as the longmen mountain in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Longmen Mountain is on the north side of Liangshan, dayu led the Yellow River water out of Jishi Mountain in Gansu, and when the water was channeled to Liangshan, it was unexpectedly blocked by Longmen Mountain and could not pass. Dayu inspected the terrain and felt that this place had to be chiseled open, but how is the Longmen Mountain of Nuoda good, Dayu chose a place that saves the most labor and effort, and only opened an 80-step wide opening to divert the water. Because the dragon gate is too high, many fish that swim against the water can't swim here. Many fish desperately jump up, but only a very small number of fish can jump over, which is what our descendants call "carp jumping dragon gate", it is said that as long as they can jump the dragon gate, the fish will immediately become a dragon flying in the air.
It took a total of 13 years for Dayu zhishui, and it was under his hands that the roaring river lost its former ferocity, tamed and tamed and flowed gently to the east, the former flooded mountains were exposed, the farmland became rice granaries, and the people could build rooms and live a happy and rich life.
Later generations remembered his exploits, built a temple for him, and honored him as the "God of Yu", and our whole of China is also known as "Yu Domain", that is, this is the place where Dayu once ruled. [1]
Cure the water passing
About 4,000 years ago, when china's Yellow River Basin was plagued by floods, Yao Mingcang was responsible for leading and organizing water control work. Carp adopts the strategy of "water to soil blocking" to control water. After the failure of the control of water, his only son Yu presided over the task of controlling water.
Statue of Dayu
Emperor Shun said, "Yu! Let's talk about Takami too. [3] Yu Bai Xie said, "Yes, King, what do I say?" What I think about all day long is working tirelessly. [4] Gao Tao said, "Oh, what kind of work is it?" [5] Yu said: "The great water meets the heavens, and the mighty waves surround the mountains, submerge the hills, and the people are engulfed by the water. I rode in four vehicles, cut trees along the mountain road to signify the road, and together with Bo Yi, I gave the newly hunted birds and beasts to the people. I dredged the rivers of Kyushu, so that the water flowed into the four seas, and I also dredged the small ditches in the fields, so that the water in the fields flowed into the big rivers. Together with Houji, I sowed grain and provided grain and meat for the people. Trade was also developed, and exchanges were made between the people, so that the people could settle down, and the various princely states began to be governed. [6] Gao Tao said, "Yes! You're saying that very well. ”[7]
Later, Yu first took the ruler, rope and other measuring tools to the main mountains and rivers in China for a rigorous investigation. Dayu inspected eastern Hebei, eastern Henan, western and southern Shanxi, and north of the Huai River. Once, they came to the southern suburbs of Luoyang, Henan. There is a high mountain here, which belongs to the remnants of the Qinling Mountains, which continues to the Zhongyue Song Mountain, and the peaks are strange, like a natural barrier running east-west. There is a natural gap in the middle of the mountain, and a trickle of trickles flows gently through the gap. [8]
He also found that the Longmen Pass was too narrow to pass through floods during the flood season; It was also found that the Yellow River was silted up and the flow of water was not smooth. So Yu made a bold move and changed "blocking" to "sparse". It is to dredge the river channel and widen the gap so that the flood can pass faster. Yu adopted the phrase "to control water must be smooth to the water, and the water nature is down, leading it into the sea". Where it is high, it is chiseled, and where it is low, it is channeled" the idea of water control. According to the priorities, a sequence of governance was established, starting with the areas around the capital and then expanding to other places. [9]
Dayu decided to concentrate the manpower to control the water and open a road in the mountains. Hard work damaged pieces of stone, wood, and bone tools. People's losses are even greater, some are cut by mountain rocks, some fall to their deaths when they go up the mountain, and some are swept away by floods. However, they still did not waver and insisted on splitting the mountain. In this difficult day and night, Dayu's face was tanned, the person was tired and thin, even the hair on the calf stomach was polished, and the nails of the feet were peeled off due to long-term soaking in water, but he was still operating and directing. Driven by him, the progress of water control was rapid, and the mountain finally suddenly opened up, forming a confrontation between the two walls, and the flood flowed downstream for thousands of miles, and the river was unimpeded. [8]