2010-2020 New Global Registration of Active Ingredients and Implications for Major Living Microbial Pesticides

Authors: Liu Fang, Fang Wei, Wang Yueying, Zhang Zhigang, Wang Kaimei

With people's increasing attention to food safety and environmental safety, biopesticides have received more and more attention. Microbial pesticides remain a major part of biopesticides. Since around 2010, large multinational agrochemical enterprises have been involved in the field of biopesticides through mergers and acquisitions, restructuring and cooperation, which has greatly promoted the development of the biopesticide industry. Research and Markets estimates that the global biopesticide market will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 15.65% per year from 2020 to 2026 and is expected to reach $7.17 billion by 2026. Markets and Markets estimate that the global biopesticide market could reach $8.5 billion by 2025. Microbial pesticides account for a major share in biopesticides.

Between 2010 and 2020, the microbial pesticide industry has developed rapidly, and some new microbial pesticide varieties, especially some microbial pesticides based on new microbial species, have obtained pesticide registration and marketing, which has further enriched the control methods of crop diseases and insect pests. This paper summarizes the new active ingredients of the newly registered main microbial pesticides at home and abroad in the past 10 years (pesticides developed without the secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms). Based on the current situation and future development trend of new microbial pesticide registration, some suggestions are put forward for the research and development of new microbial pesticides, hoping to promote the research and development of microbial pesticides in China.

1 Foreign 2010-2020 registered or listed new microbial pesticide active ingredients

1.1 Bacterial pesticides

The bacterial pesticides registered between 2010 and 2020 are mainly Bacillus, including Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amylogenes, Bacillus aureus aureus, Bacillus breve, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus fungus, etc.; other bacteria include Pasteurella, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Saponaria, Wolbachia and Lactobacillus.

1.1.1 Bacillus thuringiensis

Bacillus thuringiensis is the most widely used class of microbial insecticides, which has been valued by traditional biopesticide companies. Holista CollTech Limited, based on bacillus thuringiensis Israeli subspecies combined with trypsin inhibitors, registered in Malaysia in 2011 under the trade name Mousticide for mosquito larval control. In 2014 and 2019, Phyllom BioProduct prepared the SDS-502 strain of Bacillus thuringiensis cereus subspecies SDS-502 in the United States and Canada respectively in GrubGone! Granular、BeetleGone! Tlc and BeetleGone! AG and GrubGONE, GrubHALT, BeetleGONE and BeetleJUS are registered as trade names and are mainly used for the control of maggots, beetles, weevils and drill tree pests in forests, farms and gardens. ValentBiosciences in the United States, based on the Bacillus thuringiensis Kustak subspecies and a crystal protein, was specially registered in California in 2011 under the trade name DiPel DF for the control of Lepidoptera pests; in 2015, the company registered the ABTS1587 strain preparation of bacillus Thuiensis perch subspecies with XenTari WG as the trade name for the control of a variety of fruits and vegetables. Lepidoptera pest larvae on rapeseed crops and ornamental plants. AEF Global registered the Bacillus thuringiensis Custak subspecies EVB-113-19 strain formulation in the United States in 2016 under the trade name Bioprotec. SummitChemical registered in the United States in 2016 using the Israeli subspecies SUM-6218 strain of Bacillus thuringiensis under the trade name SummitBti MP for the control of mosquito larvae.

1.1.2 Bacillus subtilis

Among the newly registered Bacillus subtilis, there are mainly five different strains - QST713, FMCH002, GB03, BU1814 and AIB/BS03 strains, while the companies registered for these Bacillus subtilis are mainly large multinational agrochemical companies such as Bayer, BASF, FMC and AgraQuest before the acquisition by Bayer. All registered Bacillus subtilis preparations are biocides, among which FMC has obtained a Canadian pesticide registration in 2019 using the trade name FMCH002 strain and the FMCH001 strain developed by FMC using Bacillus subtilis FMCH001 strains.

1.1.3 Bacillus amyloidolysis

Bacillus amyloidii is a newly registered bacillus species with more new registrations. Companies involved in the registration of pesticides with the bacterium as an active ingredient mainly include large agrochemical companies such as Bayer, BASF and Sumitomo, as well as some traditional biocontrooper product companies such as Marrone BioInnovation, Andermatt Biocontrol AG and Valent BioSciences. The registered strains of Bacillus amylogenes mainly include MBI600, F727, D747, FZB42 and QST 713. The new fungicide developed with Bacillus amyloidis as the active ingredient has a relatively broad spectrum of activity and can control diseases of a variety of crops. Bacillus amyloidoidis PTA-4838, developed by Lidochem, was registered in the United States in 2016 as an active ingredient in a biocide for the control of nematodes from a variety of crops.

1.1.4 Bacillus alimentarius

Bayer developed a B. Firmus and thiamethoxamine, active ingredients for nematode control, were registered in the United States in 2011. Bayer AG in the European Union, Italy, New Zealand and Brazil registered biodematerials with the active ingredient of bacillus B. flesi (B. firmus) I-1582 strain in 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

1.1.5 Pasteurella

The newly registered pasteurella for plant parasitic nematode control mainly includes Pasteuria usgae, Pasteuria nishizawae PN1 and Pasteeuriaspp.-Pr3 strains, of which Pasteuria Bioscience obtained P. usgae and P. U.S. registration of nishizawae PN1 strains for the control of a variety of plant parasitic nematodes. Syngenta corporation after the acquisition of Pasteuria Bioscience company P. The nishizawae PN1 strain formulation was registered in Canada in 2015 and 2017 as a biodematerial.

1.1.6 Pseudomonas luminesceous

The newly registered fluorescent Pseudomonas strains and preparations have a wide range of pesticide activities. The formulation of the fluorescent Pseudomonas cl145a strain developed by Marrone BioInnovation in the United States was approved by the United States in 2014 as a biospirocidicide. The DSMZ 13134 strain formulation of Pseudomonas fluorescence developed by Sorcon-Padena was approved by the European Union in 2013 as a biocide. Verdesian Life Sciences developed a formulation of the Pseudomonas D7 strain in the United States in 2014 for pesticide registration as a biological herbicide. The pseudomonas aureus AFS009 strain formulation, jointly developed by AgBiome Innovations and SePRO Corporation, was registered in the United States in 2017 as a biocide for the control of a variety of fungal and oomycete diseases.

1.1.7 Actinomycetes

Among the newly registered actinomycete pesticides, the Preparation of Streptomyces liddii WYEC108 strain was registered or approved as a biocide in the European Union and Australia by FuturEco Biosciences and Novozymes Bio-Agricultural Union in 2014 and 2017, respectively.

1.1.8 Other bacteria

MosquitoMate's Wolbachia ZAP strain formulation was approved in the United States in 2017 as a biological mosquito killer to obtain pesticide registration, infecting W. Bush with the release of the Wolbachia zap strain. Pipientis ZAP's adult Aedes albopictus mosquitoes stop the development of Aedes albopictus eggs. The biopesticide developed by Marrone BioInnovation in the United States, with the PALA4-1T strain of PRUNUS hemlock as the active ingredient, was registered as a pesticide in the United States and Mexico in 2011 and 2016 for the control of insects or pests. Marrone BioInnovation has also developed a preparation with inactivated Burkholderia A396 as an active ingredient, which was registered as a pesticide in the United States and Mexico in 2014 and 2016 as a biological insecticide, and the formulation also applied for the U.S. pesticide registration in 2018 for the control of resistant weeds, especially Amaranth weeds. In 2011, AgraQuest obtained the pesticide registration of the Bacillus breve QST2808 strain preparation as a biocide in Brazil, and Bayer AG acquired AgraQuest to obtain EU approval as a biocide after acquiring AgraQuest. In 2013, BASF AG of Germany obtained the U.S. Pesticide Registration for the Bacillus breve BU F-33 strain preparation for seed treatment of crops such as tomatoes and carrots to control diseases at the seedling stage. The Bacillus fungus J strain formulation developed by Marrone BioInnovation was registered as a biocide in the United States and Canada in 2016 for the control of fungal diseases on a variety of crops. The Lactobacillus plant preparation developed by Meiji Chemical Co., Ltd. of Japan was registered as a biocide in Japan as a biocide in 2015.

1.2 Fungal pesticides

1.2.1 White zombies

BASF of Germany registered the PFR 5339 strain of Coccidioides albicans as a biopesicide and biocaricide in Australia, Canada and the European Union in 2017, 2017 and 2019, respectively, while Arysta registered the 147 strains of Coccidioides albicans and NPP111B005 as biological insecticides in the European Union in 2017. In addition, some companies have registered other strains of Coccidioides albicans as biopesticides in the United States and the European Union, respectively.

1.2.2 Green zombies

Novozymes Bio-Agriculture Alliance obtained the U.S. Registration of A. alkylaceae F52 strain crop biopesticides in 2013 for pest control of horticultural plants and protected vegetables in greenhouses. Arista Life Sciences was registered in Japan in 2014 for pest control.

1.2.3 Penicillium parviflora

FuturEco's futurEco strain formulation of Penicillium futura was approved by the European Union in 2013 for use as a biodematerial. Bayer obtained the pesticide registration of penicillium 251 strains of Penicillium lilac as a bio-nematicide in Greece in 2017.

1.2.4 Trichoderma

During the period from 2010 to 2020, a variety of trichoderma were registered as biocides, including Trichoderma asperelloides, T. gamsii, T. asperellum, T. atroviride, T. harzinum, T. viridae and T. stromaticum. These different strains of Trichoderma are approved in countries such as the United States, the European Union, Canada and Brazil for the control of a variety of crop diseases.

1.2.5 Other fungi

The rose-colored stick bosom preparation developed by Certis was registered in the United States in 2011 for the control of aphids, whiteflies, thrips and mites. From 2010 to 2020, the research and development of yeast as a microbial fungicide has received wide attention, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida olive, Pruran's short-stemmed mold and Drupe fruit Mech yeast, etc. have been registered and listed in the European Union, France, Italy, Belgium, Australia and New Zealand for disease prevention and control or disease resistance activators. Powdery mildew spore AQ10 can parasitize powdery mildew hyphae and was approved by the European Union in 2018 for use as a biocide. The Phlebiopsis gigantea VRA 1992 strain was developed by BioForest Technologies as a biocide for the control of conifer root rot, which was registered as a pesticide in Canada and the United States in 2014 and 2016, respectively. In 2017, Bayer registered the CON/M/91-08 strain preparation of Shield Mold mold in the European Union for the control of crop diseases such as rapeseed and lettuce. MBI's microbial pesticide, which uses the SA-13 strain of Murphyllus albicans as an active ingredient, was registered in the United States in 2015 and can produce volatile pesticide active substances, which can control nematode and soil fungus diseases in farmland soils through fumigation. The PC10 isolate formulation of Atsugi puccinia bacteria developed by Rizoflora Brazil has been registered in Brazil for the prevention and control of nematodes in crops such as cotton, corn and soybeans. The preparation developed by International Animal Health Products based on the strain of the predatory fungi Duddingtonia flagrans IAH 1297 was registered as a biodematerial pesticide for the control of parasitic nematodes in herbivores. The RED PINK Broom cr-7 strain formulation developed by Bee Vectoring Technologies was registered as an EPA pesticide in 2019 and can be used as a vector for transmission by bees to control fungal diseases on a variety of crops. The biological herbicide developed by Australian Biobicides based on three weed pathogenic fungi - Lasiodiplodia pseudothebromae NT039 strain, Macrophomina phaseolina NT094 strain and Neoscytalidiumnovaehollandiae QLS003 strain was registered as an Australian pesticide in 2019 for the control of pasture weeds.

1.3 Viral pesticides

1.3.1 Insect viruses

Insect viruses are an important class of insect pathogenic microorganisms, which occupy a certain proportion of newly registered microbial pesticides in foreign countries in the past 10 years. The newly registered insect viruses mainly include some new strains of alfalfa silver-streaked nocturnal moth karyo-polyhet virus, apple beetle moth granule virus, cotton bollworm karyotype polyhedral virus, grassland night moth karyotype polyhedrovirus, American cotton bollworm and sea gray-winged nocturnal moth karyo-polyhedravirus.

1.3.2 Bacteriophages

Omnilytics has developed a wild phage based on tomato scab and Pseudomonas syrup tomato disease species, and with AgriPhage-CMMTM as the trade name, it was registered as a pesticide in the United States and Canada in 2011 and 2012 for the prevention and treatment of tomato bacterial stem ulcer disease. A microbial fungicide based on xylem-difficult bacteriophage developed by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. in Japan for the control of bacterial margin blight on citrus crops was registered in the United States in 2019.

1.3.3 Plant viruses

The use of weak strains of plant viruses to induce cross-resistance of plants to plant viruses is an important means of biological control of plant virus diseases. Bio-OzBiotechnologies was registered in the European Union in 2013 as a weak strain of zucchini yellow mosaic virus for the prevention and treatment of zucchini yellow mosaic virus disease. The European Union, Canada, etc. have approved the registration of pesticides for light isolates of several hydrangea viruses for activating the immune system response of tomatoes to resist the infestation of highly toxic hydrangea viruses. The tobacco light green mosaic virus developed by BioProdex was registered as a U.S. pesticide in 2014 as a biological herbicide that triggers a highly sensitive lethal response to kill tropical solanum in pastures and woodlands.

2 In recent years, China's newly registered microbial pesticides

In recent years, with the emphasis on food safety, ecology and environment, the registration of new microbial pesticide active ingredients in China is also accelerating. At present, the number of microbial pesticides registered in the current period has reached more than 400, of which nearly 270 microbial pesticides have been registered in the past 10 years, especially in recent years, the number of new active ingredients registered for microbial pesticides has increased.

2.1 Bacterial pesticides

Bacterial pesticides account for about 70% of China's newly registered microbial pesticides, but many of them are old varieties, such as Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, etc., but in recent years, some new bacterial pesticides have emerged, and some active ingredients are the first in the world. The Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences introduced the gene of Cry3A protein with high activity for Coleoptera pests into the natural wild Bacillus suyun Aureus G03 strain and constructed the engineering strain G033A, the mother drug and preparation of the strain were produced by Wuhan Kono Company, and its preparation was registered for the control of potato beetles and cabbage moths, and the test showed that the strain preparation had a good control effect on pests such as potato beetles, yellow curly strips and small cabbage moths. G033A preparation is the first genetically engineered bacterial insecticide in China to obtain pesticide registration. The Suyunjin wettable powder registered in Wuhan Konuo in 2008 was registered in 2020 to expand the scope of use for the control of the corn grassland night moth. The short stable bacillus developed by Zhenjiang Runyu Biotechnology was registered as a pesticide in 2013 for the control of a variety of lepidopteran pests on rice, tea, vegetables, cotton and tobacco. Changsha Agri Company registered in 2019 the HNI-1 suspension of O. p. sulphur-erythrophila for the control of tomato root-knot nematodes, mosaic virus disease and rice aspergillosis in rice. The bacillus methyltrophic bac-9912 strain formulation developed by the Institute of Applied Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was registered as a pesticide in 2016 for use as a biocide to control cucumber gray mold. The Bacillus marine preparation developed by Zhejiang Tonglu HSBC Biotechnology Co., Ltd. was registered as a pesticide in 2014 for the control of tomato blight and cucumber gray mold. The Bacillus aureus preparation developed by Ningguo Bailide Biotechnology Co., Ltd. was registered as a pesticide in 2014 for the prevention and control of cucumber gray mold. The strain preparation of Bacillus flanked by Shaanxi Meibang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. was registered as a pesticide in 2019 for the prevention and treatment of pepper blight. The preparation of the strain of Bacillus amylogene Lx-11 developed by Jiangsu Suke Agrochemical Co., Ltd. was registered in 2019 for the prevention and control of rice white leaf blight and bacterial stripe spot disease. The Paulibacillus polymyxa KN-03 strain formulation developed by Wuhan Kono was registered as a pesticide in 2018 for the control of tomato blight, cucumber bacterial horn spot disease and wheat gibberellosis. The PSB-S preparation of Pseudomonas marsh erythrocyte developed by the Hunan Provincial Plant Protection Institute was registered as a pesticide in 2019 through Changsha Agri Company as a biocide for the prevention and control of cayenne pepper mosaic virus disease and rice blast.

2.2 Fungal pesticides

In the past 10 years, newly registered fungal pesticides account for about 20% of the total microbial pesticides, and the new fungal pesticides are represented by A. amburocarpus CQMa421, CGMCC8325, Shield mold ZS-1SB and Oligoandrobacterium rot. The CQMa421 strain of Scarab beetle Aeruginosa was screened by Chongqing University and has a good control effect on a variety of pests, including lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Homoptera pests of rice, tea and other crops, developed into an insecticide by Chongqing Julixin Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., and registered, and the dispersible oil suspension agent of this strain was expanded in 2020 for the control of grassland night moth. Shield shell mold ZS-1SB wettable powder was registered by Hubei Trade Wind Crop Protection Co., Ltd. in 2019 for the prevention and control of rape sclerotia. The small shield mold CGMCC8325 wettable powder developed by Wuxi Yanong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. was registered in 2016 for the prevention and control of rapeseed and sunflower sclerotia. The registration of oligo-male rot mold in China is later than that of foreign countries, and Czech Biologics Co., Ltd. obtained the official registration of pesticides in 2013 for the prevention and control of various fungal and oomycete diseases on tomatoes, rice, tobacco and apple trees.

2.3 Viral pesticides

The virus pesticides registered in China in the past 10 years are mainly insect viruses, including cotton bollworm karyo-polyhedravirus, beet nocturnal moth karyo-polyxed virus and twill nocturnal moth karyo-polyhedral virus. Among them, the new insect virus is rice longitudinal leaf borer particulate virus, and the mixture developed by Yangzhou Luyuan Company with rice longitudinal leaf borer granule virus and Thuyiensis as active ingredients was registered in 2018 for the prevention and control of rice rice longitudinal leaf borer.

3 Development trend of microbial pesticides

3.1 The policy level will provide strong support for the development of microbial pesticides

Pesticide management departments in various countries have strengthened the supervision of pesticides, banned the use of highly toxic chemical pesticides, and further reduced the registration threshold of biological pesticides, from the perspective of the registration of biological pesticides in the United States, the European Union, Brazil and India, the development has been very rapid in recent years. By improving biopesticide test methods and reducing data requirements, the EPA has significantly reduced the registration time and cost of biopesticides, creating a precedent for the simplification of biopesticide registration in the world and making it a leader in the application of biopesticides in the United States. Since 2015, China has implemented the zero growth action of the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, requiring that the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides be reduced by 2020, and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides will achieve zero growth, which provides a good opportunity for the development of biological pesticides, especially microbial pesticides. In 2017, the promulgation and implementation of the new "Pesticide Management Regulations" will further reduce the review cycle and registration costs of biopesticide products, and give priority to the review of biopesticides to promote the healthy development of the biopesticide industry.

3.2 Bacteria will continue to be the main body of microbial pesticides

As the active ingredient of an important class of microbial pesticides, bacteria have always occupied an important position in microbial pesticides. Judging from the bacterial pesticides registered at home and abroad in the past 10 years, a large number of new microbial species or objects with new control have emerged. The analysis of the registration data of biopesticides in the United States shows that bacteria account for more than 50% of the current effective microbial pesticide registration, and bacteria account for more than 40% of the newly registered microbial pesticides since 2010. Although the proportion of bacteria is declining, its proportion is still higher than that of fungi and viruses. Because bacteria are easy to cultivate, their pesticide activity evaluation is relatively easy, and the fermentation and production process of bacterial pesticides is mature, and the cost of industrial production is controllable, which is valued by biopesticide research and development and production units. Fungal pesticides have a long fermentation cycle, relatively high production costs, viral pesticides are mostly cultivated by live insects, and industrialization is restricted by insect scale feeding. The future development of fungal and viral pesticides depends on the progress of their production processes.

3.3 The involvement of large multinational agrochemical enterprises will promote the development of the microbial pesticide industry

Around 2012, large agrochemical companies, such as Syngenta, Bayer, BASF and other companies, re-entered the field of biopesticides through mergers and acquisitions, and these multinational companies are still further expanding and strengthening biopesticides through mergers and acquisitions to enrich the means of crop disease and pest control. In 2020, Syngenta strategically acquired the Italian company Varagro, and the American Pioneer company acquired the biological products company Aquinas. These also show the firm confidence of multinational agrochemical enterprises in biopesticides, and biopesticides, especially microbial pesticides, have bright prospects. Relying on the strong technological innovation and marketization capabilities of these large multinational agrochemical enterprises, it can be expected that in the next 5 years, the microbial pesticide industry will continue to develop, and its market share may reach 7 billion to 8 billion US dollars.

3.4 Small and medium-sized enterprises represented by MBI will keep the microbial pesticide industry alive

The research and development investment of biopesticides, especially microbial pesticides, is relatively low, and small and medium-sized enterprises, especially some innovative enterprises, can compete with large multinational agrochemical enterprises in the field of microbial pesticides, and these small and medium-sized innovative enterprises rely on their technical advantages in specific fields to develop many new microbial pesticide varieties. MBI corporation in the United States is the representative of innovative enterprises. Some startups engaged in the plant microbiome, such as Indigo Ag and AgBiome in the United States, and Moon Bio in China, have been favored by capital, and they have passed series D, C and Pre-A financing, reaching 202 million US dollars, 65 million US dollars and 60 million yuan respectively. These startups are all working on the development of microbiome-based crop protection products, and the microbial fungicide developed by AgBiome based on the strain of Pseudomonas aFS009 was approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 2017. Some of the microbiome-based seed treatment agents developed by these startups have also shown good disease prevention and pro-growth effects. Small and medium-sized enterprises based on technological innovation will keep the microbial pesticide industry alive.

4 Implications and outlook

In the past 10 years, especially since the "13th Five-Year Plan", the development of biopesticides in China has been relatively rapid, and microbial pesticides have made great progress. The change of China's pesticide registration policy has promoted the development of the biopesticide industry, and the proportion of newly registered biopesticides (including microbial pesticides) in newly registered pesticides is rising. However, from the current situation of microbial pesticide research and development in China, the research subject of microbial pesticides is still universities and research institutes, and the investment in the research and development of microbial pesticides is relatively insufficient, while the scale of microbial pesticide production enterprises is generally small, and it lacks the ability and level to support the research and development of microbial pesticides. Judging from the registration of biological pesticides in China in the past 10 years, most of them are still registered by small and medium-sized enterprises, and few large pesticide groups are involved in biological pesticides, especially microbial pesticides, which is inconsistent with the development trend of foreign countries. The research of microbial pesticides, mainly universities and research institutes, focuses on microbial pesticide resources and related basic research, and there is a certain disconnect between research and industrial needs, which also restricts the industrialization of microbial pesticides.

Biopesticides, especially microbial pesticides, are indispensable means of production for the production of high-value agricultural products, with important ecological, environmental and social benefits, and will continue to grow in the next 10 to 20 years. China has rich microbial resources and has also formed its own characteristics in the research and development of microbial pesticides. In order to promote the development of China's microbial pesticide industry, we believe that we need to start from the following aspects.

1) Increase support for the research and development of new biopesticides. At present, the national support for the research and development of biopesticides is mainly through the relevant special funding of the national key research and development plan, which is relatively weak from the perspective of support, while the scale of biopesticide enterprises is small and lacks the ability of independent innovation. At present, the conditions for the independent creation of biopesticides based on enterprises are not yet mature, and it is recommended to further strengthen the funding of research and development of biopesticides from the national level.

2) The creation of microbial pesticides should be oriented to the actual needs of agricultural production and guided by industrial needs. Focus on major diseases and insect pests, especially important and difficult to prevent crop diseases and insect pests, strengthen the collection and evaluation of microbial pesticide resources, accelerate the screening of microbial resources by establishing high-throughput screening methods, and quickly excavate pesticide active strain resources from microbial resources to provide support for the creation of new microbial pesticides. Strengthen the research on key technologies for the industrialization of microbial pesticides, reduce the production cost of microbial pesticides, and reduce waste discharge in the production process.

3) Strengthen the mining of genetic resources and compound resources related to microbial pesticide activity and the biosynthesis mechanism of secondary metabolites of new pesticide active microorganisms, so as to provide support for the construction of highly active genetically engineered microbial pesticides and the creation of ultra-efficient green pesticides based on microbial natural products.

4) Strengthen the research of crops and soil microbiome. Identify the microbial groups that play a central role in crop and soil microbiomes in soil improvement and improving crop resistance to abiotic adversity and pests and diseases, develop synthetic microbial flora preparations, provide innovative products for crop protection, and provide new solutions for green and high-quality agricultural development.