What Medicines Sold in Stalin's Gourd (23): Extremely disappointed in Chiang Kai-shek's passive resistance to Japan and his active suppression of the Communists

On February 14, 1933, the General Assembly of the League of Nations adopted the investigation report. On February 17, 1933, the commander of the Japanese Kwantung Army, Taketo, ordered an attack on Rehe, and Japan immediately announced its withdrawal from the League of Nations. Chiang Kai-shek's dream of attempting international mediation went bankrupt.

On the 18th, Song Ziwen and Zhang Xueliang went to Rehe for inspection. Song Ziwen said to the defenders of Rehe: "On behalf of the central government, I dare to assure you that our people will never give up the northeast, that our people will never give up Rehe, and that even if the enemy occupies our capital, no one will be willing to make an alliance under the city." Zhang Xueliang asked everyone to swear to guard the Rehe River, snow "nine. One eight" shame.

On February 21, 1933, more than 100,000 people of the Japanese Kwantung Army and the puppet Manchu Army attacked Rehe in three ways based in Jinzhou.

At this time, Stalin and the Comintern, in order to realize their strategic focus on Europe, once placed their hopes of containing Japan in Asia on the Kuomintang. However, through the kuomintang government's passive resistance to Japan and the active suppression of the Communist Party in the "September 18 Incident" and the Shanghai and Great Wall War of Resistance, especially Chiang Kai-shek's reprimand for Zhang Xueliang's request to resist Japan, he shouted: "The red calamity is the greatest scourge," which disappointed Stalin to the extreme.

Stalin then placed his hopes of containing Japan on the development and growth of the Chinese Red Army. At this time, the Red Army, in its infancy, after four victories against "encirclement and suppression," achieved considerable development and growth, which greatly encouraged Stalin and the Comintern. At that time, the Comintern learned that the Chinese Red Army had reached more than 300,000 people and was the largest revolutionary armed force in the Far East.

On March 4, the Japanese army captured Gubeikou and Chengde.

On March 7, Rehe was lost, and Zhang Xueliang blamed him.

In March 1933, Japan promulgated the Outline of Manchukuo's Economic Construction, which implemented economic control. The purpose of "Japan-Manchurian economic integration" is to realize "industrial Japan, raw material Manchuria", so that Tohoku industry and mining industry and mining are fully integrated into the Japanese economic system.

In May 1932, Bogu and Xiang Ying joined the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, with Xiang Ying acting as chairman of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, and the decision-making power of the front action was directly controlled by the Central Bureau in the rear. The leadership of the General Staff Department and the General Political Department of the Central Military Commission was all replaced by the "Left Soviet Faction," and Mao Zedong was completely excluded from the Central Military Commission.

On May 8, 1933, Chiang Kai-shek delivered a speech on the outside world, which meant: (1) As long as the bandits are successful, there is a certainty of the outside world. (2) Japan's aggression was caused by the communist bandits. (3) The more setbacks there are in the present, the faster the success in the future. (4) A fearless revolutionary spirit capable of defeating all enemies. (5) His life is also born for the revolution, and his death is also for the revolution. (6) The more extraordinary the period, the more careful and cautious we must pay attention to wisdom.

Chiang Kai-shek said: The ancients' so-called "outside must first be at home," which meant that internal strife must first be pacified, and then external insults should be resisted. The Japanese invasion is foreign, as if it is a sore poison that gradually festers from the skin, and the bandits' troublemaking is internal, just like the internal organs have a problem, which is really a problem for the heart; Because this internal disease cannot be removed, the external disease cannot be cured, and even if it is healed, it is still useless, and in the end, the patient still has to break this inner disease in the heart. No matter how dangerous the Japanese may be, I am sure that Japanese imperialism will eventually fail before us and will be wiped out by the hands of our general revolutionary army officers. We must firmly affirm the present responsibility of the revolutionary army, the first is to suppress bandits to come to Annei, and the second is to resist Japan and to suppress the outside. We must know that the work of suppressing bandits is actually a prerequisite for resisting Japan, and if we want to resist Japan, we must first suppress bandits, and if we can suppress bandits, we will certainly be able to resist Japan.

Chiang Kai-shek said: Everyone must always remember the success or failure of our revolution and the unsustainable rise and fall of our country, and at present it is entirely determined by the suppression of bandits, and if the suppression of bandits fails. Then everything will fail, it will be irreparable, you can't think of bandits, and there will still be resistance to Japan.

On 30 May, China and Japan signed the Tanggu Agreement, which reads as follows:

1. The Chinese army retreated to the area west and south of the line connecting Yanqing, Changping, Goryeo Camp, Shunyi, Tongxian, Xianghe, Baodi, Lintingkou, Ninghe, and Lutai. Then do not cross the line and advance, and do not do all the acts of challenge and disturbance.

2. In order to confirm the implementation of the first paragraph, the Japanese military shall at any time use aircraft and other means for inspection, and the Chinese side shall protect and facilitate it in all respects.

3. When the Japanese army confirms the provisions indicated in the first paragraph, when the Chinese military has complied, it will no longer pursue the line across the line and will automatically return to the line of the Great Wall.

(4) The maintenance of law and order in the area south of the Great Wall Line and north and east of the line indicated in paragraph 1 shall be appointed by the Chinese police. The right-hand police agencies are not allowed to stimulate Japanese feelings.

The Sino-Japanese "Tanggu Agreement" actually recognized Japan's occupation of northeast China and Rehe, and at the same time designated Suidong, Chabei, and Jidong as areas for free entry and exit for the Japanese army, thus opening the door for the Japanese army to further invade and occupy north China.

On June 6, 1933, the Central Bureau of the Soviet Union of the Communist Party of China issued the "Resolution on Expanding the Red Army", stressing the need to implement the urgent resolution of the Central Bureau of February 8 to "create a red army of one million iron to fight against the imperialist Kuomintang army" and "mobilize all model battalions, model red young troops, the whole battalion and the whole regiment to join the Red Army", and proposed to adopt the "complete solution of the land problem", "thoroughly implement the regulations on preferential treatment of the Red Army", "step up political mobilization", "adopt the method of surprise attack to expand the Red Army", "expand the Red Army", "use surprise attacks", "expand the Red Army", " Planned leadership and mobilization of the entire organization of the Red Youth Model Corps to join the Red Army" and other measures to complete the task of "creating a red army of one million iron".

On July 4, 1933, Ji Hongchang decided to preemptively attack the Japanese army, and after 5 days and nights of fighting, Duolun fell for 72 days, and was finally recovered by the anti-Japanese allied forces led by Ji Hongchang and saw the light of day. The reconquest of Duolun was the first move of the Chinese army to recover lost ground since the "918 Incident", and it greatly encouraged the fighting spirit of the people of the whole country. However, Chiang Kai-shek counter-accused Ji Hongchang's allied forces of sabotaging the "national policy", and ordered He Yingqin to command 16 divisions to attack the Allied forces with the Japanese army. Chiang Kai-shek's traitorous nature was exposed to the Chinese people.

On July 27, 1933, the Political Committee of the Political Secretariat of the Executive Committee of the Communist International "agreed to the proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the return of Comrade Wang Ming." It can be seen that Stalin and the Comintern initially did not have arrangements for Wang Ming to be stationed in Moscow, but later Wang Ming did not make a trip and was permanently stationed in the Comintern.

On August 16, 1933, at the 48th meeting of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the decision on the establishment of a Soviet university was adopted. Mao Zedong served as president, Shakov as vice president, and Mao Zedong, Shakov and Lin Boqu as members of the university committee.