Figure 丨 Huang Gongluo
preface
After graduating from high school in 1952, Huang Shixin was admitted to the Henan Plain Agricultural College with her own grades, but she did not want to leave Beijing. To this end, she went to Mr. Peng and made a request to him!
After Peng Dehuai learned of her idea, he unceremoniously criticized her, and then said to the staff: Go and invite Mr. Zhu over!
The life-and-death friendship between Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongluo
In May 1915, Shi Kai accepted the "Twenty-One Articles" proposed by Japan aimed at destroying China, which made Huang Gongluo feel very angry.
In order to find a way to save the country, Huang Gongluo left his hometown, joined the Xiang Army on the recommendation of his relatives, and was arranged to serve as a soldier in the 1st Battalion Headquarters of the 6th Regiment of the 3rd Brigade of the 2nd Division.
However, a year or two has passed, and the chaotic and disorderly social situation that appears in front of him makes Huang Gongluo feel very confused. After the Xinhai Revolution, the political structure of the whole country was divided into two factions, the south was Sun Yat-sen's forces, and the north was Yuan Shikai's forces. Hunan is located between the north and the south, becoming a battlefield for both sides to tug-of-war, and the leading figures in Hunan have learned to see the wind and make the rudder, some of them have turned to Sun Yat-sen, and some have turned to Yuan Shikai.
Picture 丨 Peng Dehuai
In 1917, Fu Liangzuo, the overseer of Hunan who supported the Beiyang warlords, took power in Hunan. In the winter of that year, Cheng Qian, who was inclined to Sun Yat-sen, organized the Xiang Army to launch a wave of rebellion and expulsion of Fu Liangzuo, and Huang Gongluo's 2nd Division was also involved, and a mutiny broke out to expel Chen Fuchu, the commander of the Beiyang warlords' division.
Within the 2nd Division, it was also divided into two factions, the division commander Chen Fuchu was opposed to Sun Yat-sen, and the brigade commander and regiment commander were supportive of Sun Yat-sen. Under the covert instructions of the brigade commander and the regimental commander, the company and each battalion elected the soldier representatives and gathered at the division headquarters to petition and ask the division commander to step down.
Huang Gongluo was one of the soldiers' representatives who participated in the petition. When he and the soldier representatives of the 1st Battalion of the 6th Regiment gathered at the camp headquarters in Changde County, the regimental commander asked his aide-de-camp to agitate among the soldiers, saying that the 1st Division of our brother's Xiang Army had fought a fierce battle with Fu Liangzuo's Beiyang Army in the Hengshan area and suffered heavy losses, which was done by the division commander in collusion with Fu Liangzuo, and the division commander wanted to defect to the Beiyang warlord to climb up.
This news immediately aroused a strong reaction from the deputies, who were filled with indignation: "We will absolutely not give life to the Beiyang warlords!" ”
Picture 丨 Peng Dehuai
Just then, some of the deputies shouted, "Go!" Find Chen Fuchu to settle the account! This shout was very appealing, and everyone responded one after another, following the rush to the division headquarters. Huang Gongluo followed the crowd, took the initiative to run to the leading representative, and said: "Hello brother Tai! I am Huangshi of the battalion headquarters, the number of the public strategy, what do you call it? ”
"Peng Dehua (later renamed Peng Dehuai) wears a large stone, 1 company and 2 shifts."
In the conversation with Huang Gongluo, Peng Dehuai felt that Huang Gongluo's speech was a bit crepe, so he asked: "I became a soldier to eat mixed food, in order not to starve to death and freeze to death." What are you doing as a soldier on a show? Didn't the family eat or wear anything? ”
Huang Gong replied slightly: "It is also impossible to die of starvation and freezing to death, and once the country is sold out by traitors, none of us will inevitably die of humiliation." ”
This was the first time Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongluo met, and the two chatted very speculatively. During the conversation, Huang Gongliu learned that Peng Dehuai's family was poor and made a living from farming. In order to survive, he joined the army in March 1916, and most of the monthly salary had to be sent home to barely support his grandmother, father and brother.
Picture 丨 Peng Dehuai
Huang Gongluo very much likes Peng Dehuai's straightforward and bold personality, and Peng Dehuai also likes Huang Gongluo very much, thinking that he is quiet and humble and very learned. In the few days together, Peng Dehuai saw that Huang Gong read a book when he had little time, and he almost didn't leave the book.
However, the purpose of their gathering was to oust Chen Fuchu from power, and they discussed a set of methods for this. In order to stop the mutiny of the soldiers' petition, Chen Fuchu began to persuade him with kind words, and then threatened with suppression, and ordered the brigade commanders and regiment commanders to stop it, but the brigade commanders and regiment commanders only perfunctory and ignored them.
When Chen Fu first saw that the general situation was gone, he had no choice but to resign from the post of division commander. It was through this petition that Huang Gongluo became good friends with like-minded soldiers, especially with Peng Dehuai, who were as close as brothers.
Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongliu connected and united some soldiers from poor peasant backgrounds and some intellectual youths with ideals, such as Li Can. They often talked about state affairs and encouraged each other, and later, with the purpose of saving the country and loving the people, they formally organized the Poverty Relief Association and drafted the constitution of the Poverty Relief Society.
Picture 丨 Peng Dehuai
The original motivation of the poverty relief society was only to fight the rich and help the poor, but Peng Dehuai was a stubborn person, and he had to do everything he could to do what he thought. In the summer of 1921, Peng Dehuai, then acting company commander of the Eleventh Company of the Sixth Regiment of the Second Division of the Xiang Army, learned during a garrison mission that there was a local bully who wantonly oppressed the people by virtue of the magnates behind him, and Peng Dehuai and several soldiers secretly executed the villain late one night.
However, after this incident, he was denounced in the autumn of that year, and Peng Dehuai was arrested. On the way to Changsha, the escort soldiers with a sense of justice deliberately loosened the rope, so that Peng Dehuai could wait for an opportunity to escape. After Huang Gongluo learned of Peng Dehuai's escape, he immediately took other friends to find Peng Dehuai's hiding place and tried to help him take refuge.
It was with the help of these friends that Peng Dehuai first went to Guangdong and then returned to his hometown to work as farmers a few months later. In June 1922, Huang Gongluo and Li Can wrote letters to him one after another, and they agreed to go to the Hunan Military Officers' Lecture Hall together. After receiving this letter, Peng Dehuai was a little hesitant in his heart, worried that his cultural level was too poor to pass the examination, so he did not reply to the letter.
However, under the persuasion of Huang Gongluo and others, Peng Dehuai agreed to try it, and in the end Peng Dehuai was still admitted to the Lecture Martial Arts Hall. Inside the Lecture Hall, Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongluo became classmates, living together day and night, talking about everything, and they were very disgusted with the degeneration and corruption of the cadets in the old military academy, and they deepened their hatred and resistance to the old army and the old system.
Picture 丨 Peng Dehuai
After graduating from the military academy, Huang Gongluo and Peng Dehuai still returned to serve in the Second Division of the Xiang Army. In the spring of 1926, the Northern Expedition Began, the division was reorganized into the First Division of the Eighth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the two of them fought heroically in the Northern Expedition War, during which the two continued to do secret work in the Xiang Army to contact soldiers and lower-level officers, forming a progressive force, they paid attention to the current situation, yearned for revolution, and consciously moved closer to the Communist Party organization.
In January 1927, Huang Gongliu left Xiang to enter the Huangpu Military Academy in Guangzhou.
In 1927, the National Revolutionary Movement reached its climax and then failed in a counter-revolutionary coup d'état launched by Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei. It was during this year that Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongliu embarked on the road of revolution through different paths.
During his time at the Whampoa Military Academy, Huang Gongluo joined the Communist Party of China and participated in the Guangzhou Uprising. Peng Dehuai, on the other hand, secretly joined the Communist Party of China in the first half of 1928 and actively prepared for an armed insurrection under the favorable conditions of his own leadership.
In February 1928, Huang Gongluo was dispatched by the party to return to the Xiang Army where he was originally located to do military transportation work. Huang Gongluo's revolutionary vigilance was high, and at first, he exposed his identity to Peng Dehuai, who had been promoted to regimental commander. After some trials, he learned that Peng Dehuai was also a Communist, and Huang Gongliu held the other's hand tightly.
Figure 丨 Huang Gongluo's early rong costume photo
The friendship between Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongluo was formed by the baptism of war and blood in the revolutionary journey. During those revolutionary years, Peng Dehuai and his friend Huang Gongluo worked together for the same revolutionary goals.
However, the war was merciless, and on September 15, 1931, after the decisive victory of the third anti-"encirclement and suppression" war, Huang Gongluo was unfortunately shot and wounded on the way to command the troops, and the rescue was ineffective, and he died heroically. After Peng Dehuai learned of this news, his heart was very sad, he could not sleep for several days and nights, and he was sad that he had lost a loyal comrade-in-arms.
In order to express his condolences to this comrade-in-arms, two months later at the inaugural meeting of the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic, Peng Dehuai actively proposed that the Red Army Infantry School be changed into a public infantry school with the consent of the Central Committee.
In the years of war that followed, Peng Dehuai often thought about Huang Gongluo's mother, wife, and daughter. In 1939, Peng Dehuai wrote a letter and sent money to Huang Gongluo's home, and it can be said that Peng Dehuai's care for Huang Gongluo's family far exceeded his care for his own relatives.
Looking for Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter
After Huang Gongluo's death, Huang Gongluo's family officially learned of his sacrifice in April 1939.
After the second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, Premier Zhou and Ye Jianying were entrusted by Chairman Mao to jointly write a letter to Liu Yuying, Huang Gongluo's widow, when inspecting the training course for guerrilla cadres in Nanyue in Hengshan, Hunan Province:
Yu Ying made up, Gong Luo sacrificed for the revolution, you have suffered a lot, I and Chairman Mao, Commander-in-Chief Zhu are deeply admired, and asked about family feelings.....
Liu Yuying has not received a letter from her husband for eight years, but she still hopes in her heart that her husband Huang Gongluo can return home and reunite as soon as possible, and she does not want to send such bad news. After reading this letter, Liu Yuying burst into tears and was filled with grief.
Figure 丨 Xu Teli
In September 1939, when the Eighth Route Army's office in Changsha was relocated to Hengyang, Hunan, Xu Teli was entrusted by Chairman Mao to write a letter to Liu Yuying, intending to escort their mother and daughter to Yan'an. After receiving this letter, Liu Yuying knew that she was shouldering the responsibility of serving her adoptive mother-in-law, so she personally went to Hengyang and resigned her resettlement to Xu Lao in person.
Before leaving, Xu Teli told Liu Yuying that he must let Huang Nianxin study and cultivate the next generation of successors for the revolution. After listening, Liu Yuying said: Even if you are poor and bitter, you must let Huang Nian read new books!
Originally, Liu Yuying's family was solid, and before Huang Gongluo joined the army, he once told his family that there was no need to be afraid in life, that there was still some land in the family, and that the hetian jade and gold in the family were enough to live on after they were sold. However, what people did not expect was that since Huang Gongluo joined the revolution, his family was wanted by the reactionaries, Liu Yuying had to flee with his daughter, and all the valuable things in the family were lost, and life was very difficult.
Just when Liu Yuying's family's life was about to fall into trouble, in 1939, Peng Dehuai, who was then the deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, sent 400 yuan to Liu Yuying's family.
Afterwards, Liu Yuying's family learned that this money was a consolation fee donated by all walks of life in Wuhan to the anti-Japanese generals, a total of 800 yuan, and General Manager Peng did not take a penny, and gave it in two to the home of martyr Chen Yi'an and Huang Gongluo, chief of staff of the Fifth Red Army.
Picture 丨 Liu Yuying and Huang Shixin
Liu Yuying took the money sent by Mr. Peng in his hand and said to his daughter Huang Shixin: "Nian Xin! Uncle Peng's money is not easy to come by, don't study well to live up to Uncle Peng's high hopes for you! ”
Huang Shixin heard his mother's words and nodded. In 1942, Huang Shixin was admitted to the Xiangxiang County Girls' First Middle School with excellent results. However, later, due to the influence of various reasons, Liu Yuying's family lost contact with the party organization...
On August 4, 1949, when Hunan Province was peacefully liberated, Mr. Peng, who held a meeting in Beijing, asked his nephew Peng Qi to speed to Hunan to find Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter:
If they or, if they always have a whereabouts, if we do not take the initiative to find out, we will be sorry for the martyrs, this is not my personal relationship with Huang Gongluo, but the care of our party.
As soon as Peng Qichao arrived in Changsha and had just settled down, he hurriedly reported to Xiao Jinguang, commander of the Twelfth Corps, and Wang Shoudao, chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government, and wanted to immediately rush to Xiangxiang to find Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter and complete the glorious and arduous task entrusted by General Peng. However, after Peng Qichao and his party searched fruitlessly, they could only choose to leave Xiangxiang and return to Changsha, and after a short pause in Changsha, Peng Qichao returned to Beijing to resume his life.
Figure 丨 Xiao Jinguang
After Peng Qichao left Changsha to return to Beijing, Xiao Jinguang and Wang Shoudao took the initiative to take on the heavy responsibility of finding Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter. After searching again and again, he finally succeeded in finding Comrade Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter. After some twists and turns, Liu Yuying's mother and daughter were escorted by the staff to Beijing.
After organizational decisions, Liu Yuying was sent to the Beidaihe Central Sanatorium for recuperation; Huang Shixin was arranged to continue his education in the school. On the eve of going to Beidaihe, Liu Yuying forwarded Huang Gongluo's posthumous photograph and Premier Zhou's letter to Huang Shixin for safekeeping, and repeatedly instructed: "We must find you Uncle Peng." ”
At the end of 1949, the newspaper published the news of Peng Dehuai's entry into Beijing, and after Huang Shixin learned of this news, he went to the Xinhua Gate in Zhongnanhai to ask to see Mr. Peng. After seeing Huang Shixin, Mr. Peng was very happy and gave her a set of study aids, Lenin's manual and photos of him at the airport. Before leaving, Mr. Peng asked Huang Shixin, "What else are you missing?"
Huang Shixin thought about it and said that he was still missing a shirt. Mr. Peng, who has been simple all his life, asked the guards to find two old shirts he wore and said, "Take it and change it!" ”
Picture 丨 Peng Dehuai
In the spring of 1950, Peng Dehuai received Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter at the Beijing Hotel, and Liu Yuying burst into tears after seeing Mr. Peng. Mr. Peng comforted: "After liberation, it will be fine in the future, don't cry anymore." ”
After hearing Mr. Peng's words, Liu Yuying wiped away her tears: "Let Nian Xin be your daughter!" ”
"You only have one daughter!" Be half a daughter. ”
Subsequently, Mr. Peng said to the children of Huang Shixin and other martyrs:
You are all the children of the people, and now the party and the people have sent you to school, and the people's millet is not easy to come by! You must study hard and never fail to live up to the expectations and concern of the party and the people for you!
Peng Dehuai's new education on the yellow years
After Peng Dehuai went to work in the central government, he has always cared for and cared for their mother and daughter meticulously. Huang Shixin lived in Peng Dehuai's house for a long time. In accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, the children of revolutionary martyrs may periodically go to the Central Organization Department to receive maintenance and living allowances. After Peng Dehuai returned from North Korea, he said to Huang Shixin: "Don't go to collect it in the future, I will bear your tuition and living expenses." ”
Mr. Peng has no children, but he loves the children of his comrades-in-arms like he cares for his children. Once, a staff member abroad bought two watches in foreign currency issued to Peng Dehuai by the embassy, but still did not have a second hand. After returning, Peng Dehuai criticized that he should not buy it, but since he bought it back, Peng Dehuai gave his niece Peng Gang a piece and also gave Huang Shixin a piece.
Peng Dehuai asked them to master the time and study well! In the process of Huang Shixin's growth, Mr. Peng attaches great importance to her education.
Picture 丨 Peng Dehuai
After graduating from high school in 1952, Huang Shixin was admitted to the Henan Plain Agricultural College with her own grades, but she did not want to leave Beijing. To this end, she went to Mr. Peng and made a request to him: she hoped that he would come forward to change a university in Beijing!
After Peng Dehuai learned of her idea, he unceremoniously criticized her, and then said to the staff: Go and invite Mr. Zhu over!
After Zhu De came to Peng Dehuai's home, Peng Dehuai pointed at Huang Shixin and asked, "Commander-in-Chief, do you know her?" Jude said he knew and asked where she went to school. Huang Shixin was embarrassed to answer. Peng Dehuai hurriedly said: "These days I am in a mood, I don't want to go to the Plains Agricultural College, I am about to find the commander-in-chief to intercede and change to a university in Beijing." ”
Jude shook his head and said, "That's not good! How can we not obey the party's distribution? When I, Mr. Peng, and your father were in the Central Soviet District, it was much harder than the Agricultural College, and we didn't negotiate the price. Your father's loyal bones are still buried in the valley of Jiangxi! If he were alive, he would not have agreed to your request. ”
Pictured: Zhu De and Peng Dehuai took a group photo
Seeing that Huang Nianxin's eyes were moist, Peng Dehuai continued: "It is not Uncle Zhu De and Uncle Peng who do not help you, this is something that the party's discipline cannot tolerate." Huang Shixin changed her mind after listening to a conversation from two revolutionary predecessors, and later she happily went to henan plain agricultural college to study.
For Peng Dehuai, Huang Shixin has deep feelings. Whenever he thought of Mr. Peng's care for her and her mother, Huang Shixin was filled with tears:
Although I don't have a father, I have many fathers, such as Uncle Peng and Uncle Zhu.