Earlier in 2021, the "Crossing Dangerous Obstacles 2020" Ground Unmanned Equipment Challenge was held in the hinterland of the Inner Mongolia Desert. Compared with the previous "Crossing Dangers and Obstacles 201X" series of events, this event has appeared a variety of integrated photoelectric reconnaissance unmanned/unmanned combat track equipment for modern unmanned combat scenarios with greater power consumption.
Compared with the previous "Crossing Dangers and Obstacles 20XX" event, the proportion of wheel track equipment using all-electric drive or extended range hybrid drive has increased significantly. In particular, the wheel track equipment using the range extender fuel-electric hybrid drive scheme shows strong passability and the ability to supply power to the environmental awareness/photoelectric reconnaissance superstructure module with the surge in power consumption.
The evaluation team of the new energy information analysis network will focus on participating in the "Crossing Dangers and Obstacles 2020" ground unmanned equipment challenge, based on the Jialing Group CSV/P11 Lynx 4x4 global high-altitude high-speed motor vehicle and the modified driverless technology verification vehicle, and judge the application direction of the small flat line motor for the replacement OF PHEV power system.
Remarks: The final technical status of the vehicle shall be subject to the information released by the manufacturer and the improver
1. The old track equipment powertrain is "vertical and horizontal", and the hybrid drive system of oil and electricity is replaced with a range extender, matching the technical advantages of the flat wire motor for large-scale and high-power power generation:
In the article "Judging the Application Direction of Flat Wire Motors from the Type 63 Extended Range Hybrid Unmanned Armor Technology Verification Vehicle" published in December 2020, "it is pre-determined to adapt the extender-range oil-electric hybrid system, replace the "1-slot 8-wire" flat-wire winding motor, achieve a higher level of hidden mobility tactical advantages, and support the possibility of installing a more power-hungry combat/environment-aware superstructure module in the later stage."
The picture above shows the rear power compartment of the Type 63 extended range hybrid unmanned armor technology verification vehicle, and the details of each subsystem are close-up.
White arrow: Horizontal in-line four-cylinder 2.8T diesel engine
Blue arrow: Generator directly associated with a diesel engine
Green arrow: Generator control module
It should be noted that (1), the front-end longitudinal traditional powertrain of the prototype is modified to the rear-end lateral extended range hybrid assembly, and the generator size and self-weight associated with the engine can be set to be larger to obtain higher power generation power.
After the "vertical and horizontal", there is more room to deploy the "1 slot 8/10 wire" flat wire winding technology generator, so that the maximum power generation can be extended to 200-300 kilowatts! It highlights the technical and tactical advantages of the high mobility of the vehicle after the electrification.
2. The new wheeled equipment is equipped with a range extender hybrid drive system as standard, and the technical advantages of medium-power flat wire motor for medium-sized power generation are calibrated:
In the October 2021 issue of Exclusive: Range-Extended Hybrid? In the article "Research and Judgment on the Technical and Tactical Status of the 2nd Generation 6-Wheel Drive Mountain Bike Clan", the standard range extender oil-electric hybrid system was replaced with a flat-wire winding inspired electric integrated machine with balanced power generation power and driving power, and the high maneuverability obtained and the tactical advantages of the servo-rich reconnaissance, electronics, firepower, and replenishment functions were installed on the module.
Thanks to the forward-developed model platform, the 2nd generation 6-wheel drive Bobcat can easily arrange the diesel-generator and torque distribution modules. However, the overall size is strictly limited, and the space of the 2nd generation 6-wheel drive Bobcat power cabin, which focuses on light high mobility and tactical advantages, is still very cramped.
It should be noted that (2) after the stereotyped 2nd generation 6-wheel drive Bobcat family is equipped with the standard mid-rear powertrain and transverse torque distribution module, and the configured motor can be in a balanced state of diameter and length. The medium power generator that applies the "1 slot 6 wire" flat wire winding technology can maintain the maximum power generation power at 40-60 kilowatts, which can better meet the balanced demand for maneuverability and superstructure power generation of this forward-developed light wheeled vehicle.
3. Bobcat 4x4 unmanned driving technology verifies the technical advantages of the longitudinal powertrain of the car, and the original installation is equipped with a small power generation / drive flat wire motor:
At the 2021 Zhuhai Airshow, the Bobcat 4x4 global high-speed motor vehicle carried out dynamic displays such as wading, acceleration and flipping. The Bobcat 4x4 global high-speed motor vehicle is equipped with an in-line four-cylinder 1.3-displacement turbo diesel engine, a simulated 4-speed CVT transmission, an electronically controlled time-sharing four-wheel drive system and a rear differential lock.
Bobcat 4x4 Global High Motor Vehicle adopts front and rear dual A-type independent suspension + disconnect drive axle, and in order to cope with complex road conditions with better passability, long-stroke coil springs are set.
The picture above is a side-by-side close-up of the latest state of the Bobcat 4x4 driverless technology verification car. Visible top 3 groups of solid-state lidar (red, yellow and blue arrows pointing), 2 groups of Beidou navigation system receiving antennas (white arrows pointing).
The picture above shows a close-up of the rear of the Bobcat 4x4 driverless technology verification car participating in the "Crossing the Obstacle 2020" race. It can be seen that there is an overhead 1 group of solid-state lidar (pointed by the white arrow), 2 groups of Beidou navigation system receiving antennas (pointed by the green arrow), 4 groups of white light video acquisition systems set in the front and rear of the car body (pointed by the yellow arrow), and 2 groups of millimeter-wave radar set in the front and rear of the car body.
Red arrow: Bobcat 4x4 driverless technology verification vehicle rear disconnect drive axle
It should be noted (3) that the Bobcat 4x4 driverless technology verification car retains all the power, transmission, four-wheel drive and suspension systems of the prototype. The prototype's electronically controlled time-sharing four-wheel drive system matches the rear differential lock to ensure that the vehicle's passability is at its strongest. On paved roads, rear-wheel drive mode can be selected.
Red arrow: Electronically controlled four-wheel drive switch
Blue arrow: Rear differential lock switch
It should be noted that (4) as a military unmanned technology verification vehicle, it meets the power supply of multiple groups of lidar, millimeter wave radar, video acquisition system, vehicle communication system and high and low voltage control system installed after the installation, all relying on the power generation/storage system at the vehicle end. However, the 12-volt low-voltage power system adapted to the Bobcat 4x4 global high-speed vehicle can only meet the needs of vehicle start-up and low-power external discharge.
In order to meet the normal use needs of environmentally aware superstructures with greatly increased power consumption, high-power power generation systems must be installed for vehicles.
In order to meet the needs of the use of the in-line control chassis that has evolved for military unmanned driving technology, it is necessary to improve the vehicle with all-electric drive.
It should be noted that (5) can also evolve into a wire-controlled chassis on the basis of traditional power. However, the chassis-by-wire, which uses the improved PHEV\EREV\EV drive technology, has more efficient calculation/feedback/execution efficiency and more accurate operation accuracy.
Remarks: Civil chassis-by-wire technology after 2020, based on the EREV\EV drive architecture, has full electric acceleration, all-electric braking, and high-precision all-electric steering functions.
Schematic diagram of the relative position of a power generation/drive motor and the electrical/torque distribution strategy of a Lynx 4x4 global high motor vehicle between the longitudinal engine and the CVT.
Red zone: longitudinal engine that retains the original car;
Green area: power generation/drive motor installed later;
Yellow area: retain the CVT of the original car;
Blue area: the amount of electricity output by the power generation/drive motor for driving the environmental perception superstructure module;
White area: the amount of electricity output by the power generation/drive motor for power battery system storage;
Red arrow: the engine is mated to the power generation/drive motor, and the output power passes through the CVT, which outputs the torque for the four-wheel drive transfer;
Yellow arrows: The torque is transmitted to the front and rear axles through the secondary distribution of the transferor
The Bobcat 4x4 driverless technology verification car, such as the "stuffing" of a power generation/drive motor and the installation of a power battery system between the longitudinal engine and the CVT in the original car state, takes into account the high performance of the PHEV model and the passability of the traditional off-road vehicle.
According to the architecture comparison of the longitudinal engine-CVT transmission-four-wheel drive transfer and the front and rear drive axles used by bobcat 4x4 global high-speed motor vehicles, a set of motors with 400V voltage in series between the longitudinal engine and the CVT transmission can achieve the following functions:
#1, in the idle power generation mode, the full power from the engine is converted into electricity, or used to perceive the electricity demand of the upper installation, or to store the power to the power battery;
#2, in the driving power generation mode, match the appropriate electronic control technology for power shunting, and adjust the proportion of electricity consumption, power consumption and power battery storage in the environment perception on the basis of driving power generation;
#3. Full power output in the hybrid drive mode of oil and electricity, and the maximum torque is evenly distributed to the front and rear drive axles in conjunction with the transferor, which greatly improves the passability of the whole vehicle;
#4, in the all-electric drive mode, you can still switch between 2-wheel drive and 4-wheel drive mode to achieve the tactical demand for concealing your own thermal radiation signal in a quiet environment;
For Bobcat Class 4x4 high-speed vehicles, the longitudinal power, transmission and four-wheel drive system are strictly limited to a certain range. The addition of a set of flat-line motors for power generation/drive between the engine and the transmission (transmission) that is equivalent to the diameter of the engine power output, but is highly compressed as much as possible, so that the complete set of vehicles and the upper equipment are more technical and tactical advantages, is the only way to improve.
In order to maximize the need to retain the original car's power, transmission and all-wheel drive system, it is very suitable to "cram" a 270 series-PHEV-specific P2 motor between the engine and the transmission. Using the centralized winding process, the maximum output power can be set at 45-85 kW, and the maximum output torque can be set at 180-250 torque, which is more compatible for AT\CVT\DCT transmissions.
When the motor using the flat wire winding technology is used for inter-axle drive of the longitudinal power system, the traditional power drive strip carrier is minimally improved, and the original passability and reliability settings of the original car are retained to the greatest extent, and the risk after modification is small, the investment is small and the cost is small.
#1, when the motor based on the flat wire winding technology is used for ISG to start the generator, it can fully reduce the size of the stator end of the motor, shorten the length of the whole machine, facilitate the horizontal placement in the front and rear power compartment of the vehicle, improve the space utilization rate, and facilitate the installation of a larger size of the supersize module.
#2, When the motor based on the flat wire winding technology is used for ISG to start the generator, the power generation efficiency is greater than that of the circular wire winding motor of the same size, and the power demand of the superstructure module with greater power consumption is met.
#3, When the motor based on the flat wire winding technology is used for wheel drive, compared with the traditional power multi-drive axle carrier, the main drive shaft, the transfer agent, the differential and the transmission half shaft are removed, and a large amount of space is freed up or the self-weight is reduced to increase maneuverability, or used to carry a larger size of the superstructure module.
#4, the structure of the flat wire winding motor made of copper is quite different from that of conventional motors, the internal heat distribution is more uniform, and a large proportion of overload can be increased, increasing the continuous power and peak power to debut important parameters. The motor of flat wire winding technology is fully applied to the extended range hybrid wheel track equipment, which can reduce the demand for reduced heat dissipation system, better integrate into the vehicle level thermal management control system, directly improve the high efficiency of the vehicle level, or increase the maneuvering mileage, or increase the combat radius.
4. The era of power generation/drive motor and control system based on flat wire winding technology, comprehensive application of military wheel track equipment improvement and forward development of new equipment has come:
In the "Crossing the Obstacle 2014" Ground Unmanned Equipment Challenge, the original generation of Bobcat 4x4 unmanned technology verification vehicle (referred to by the red arrow), and the second generation Type 63 unmanned technology verification vehicle (referred to by the yellow arrow), using a certain type of 4x4 medium-sized safety car as a vehicle driverless verification car, completed all the races.
At this point, the three ultralight wheeled, medium wheeled and medium-sized tracked driverless technologies have not undergone any electrification improvements, or use mechanical-like steer-by-wire chassis technology.
In the "Crossing Obstacles 2016" Ground Unmanned Equipment Challenge, the environmental perception bodybuilding module of the 2nd generation Bobcat 4x4 unmanned technology verification vehicle has been expanded, and a better 360-degree circumferential laser radar and relatively perfect mechanical-type wire-by-wire chassis technology have been applied.
In the "Crossing Dangers and Obstacles 2018" Ground Unmanned Equipment Challenge, more unmanned equipment using range extender hybrid drive technology and all-electric drive technology was exposed, and even unmanned/unmanned combat equipment using more variety of fire projection superstructure modules also appeared in the event queue. The 3rd generation of Bobcat 4x4 driverless technology verification vehicle (referred to by the white arrow) has enhanced the efficiency of power generation in order to meet the application of more sensor materials.
In the "Crossing the Obstacle 2020" Ground Unmanned Equipment Challenge, the latest Bobcat 4x4 unmanned technology verification vehicle is based on a more accurate wire control chassis technology, which achieves the tactical ability of the bicycle leader - other vehicles in a real-time connected formation - unmanned to the designated destination.
That's right! The wire control chassis centered on flat wire winding motors of different power/sizes meets the power demand of military tracks on 500 volt voltage platforms, and at the same time, brings the technical advantages of electric acceleration, electric braking, and high-precision electric steering, and provides comprehensive technical support for the tactical capabilities of unmanned combat.
Some local Chinese flat wire motor suppliers have already mass-manufactured ISG-inspired electric integrated machines, inter-axle power generation/drive motors, inter-axle drive motors and wheel-side drive motors for the adaptation of wheel track equipment platforms in 2022, and gradually installed them for application.
The research and development, performance, trial production and mass production of a full range of flat wire motors no longer plague vehicle manufacturers. Vehicle manufacturers can find the model that is closest to their own needs and improve it according to the series of models in use of the flat wire motor supplier, and launch electrified equipment with excellent performance in the shortest cycle, the least risk and the lowest cost.
Our journey is the sea of stars:
The latest science and technology are often used in military equipment first. The use of electrification technology to improve the high efficiency of military equipment drive systems and increase more practical tactical capabilities. In only 8 years of development of China's new energy industry chain, it has reached the ability of civil electric drive, power battery and all high-voltage electronic control systems to complete all independent research and development and mass production. Systematic and mature civilian flat-line electric drive system can be used in the field of military equipment in reverse.
Just when civilian vehicles stay on the 350-400 volt voltage platform and military wheel track equipment enter the 500 volt voltage platform, China's local flat wire motor professional suppliers have stepped into the 800 volt high voltage platform. It can mass-produce oil-cooled flat wire electric drive system covering 13000-18000 rpm and maximum output power 160 kW to 500 kW, aiming at EV\HEV\PHEV\EREV in various electric drive forms.
Just when other motor manufacturers are caught in the dead cycle of investment- project establishment - trial production - mass production - cost, some excellent manufacturers have come up with systematic products and application cases, the first time can be improved according to the needs and mass production of the latest models, greatly reducing the early development costs, to ensure that the application of new technologies can be more extensive.
Produced by the evaluation team of the new energy information analysis network