In this year's ancient puppet show, the idol is a fish person. From "Mirror Twin Cities" and "Lady Hu Zhu" to "Acquaintance with Junchu", followed by "Jade Bone Haruka", the mermaid love on the screen is endless.
There are mermaid legends in ancient and modern China and abroad. In ancient times, it was the seduction of fish women, and now it is a beauty hooking up with fish. The fish people in the four plays are still handsome men with long tails. Netizens quipped that the big tail fish is not good, and it has become a big tail wolf.
Whether it is a female ghost, a female fox or the little mermaid in Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale, falling in love with people is considered a heterogeneous love. In the past, the alien races were all women, and the ending was tragic, and the elf princess Arwen in "The Lord of the Rings" had to give up eternal life to marry the human king Aragon.
In modern times, this cross-racial love takes on diversity. Superman, Sun Wukong as a Saiyan in Dragon Ball, and the vampire in the Twilight novel all have female connections, and although they are not human, they are men. The movie Avatar takes a big step, and the human male transforms into the Na'vi of the planet Pandora and begins to try to understand and actively integrate into the non-human culture.
Poster for the TV series "Acquaintance with Junchu".
Would a human woman love a monster? Beauty and the Beast is not the answer, the Beast is just a cursed human prince. In "Journey to the West", the relationship between the princess of Baoxiangguo and the yellow robe monster is hotly discussed on the Internet, the yellow robe monster is true love, and the ending is unfair. But both are mortal gods, and they still can't be regarded as alien love. King Kong, who climbed up the World Trade Center building in New York to catch a plane, is much like Quasimodo on the clock tower in "Notre Dame de Paris", just unrequited love. "The Shape of Water" is the most groundbreaking, the fish man in the film is a monster, the heroine is not a beautiful woman, their love is two lonely souls relying on each other. Of course, in "Shuk and Beta", the wife of the rat beta who drives the tank is the female singer Beyi, and they have a son who is also a rat man. When you are old, when you go through children's books, you will always see some details that are extremely frightening.
Are they Chinese mermaids? The mermaid is said to be a fish by appearance. The Siren Siren on the Starbucks logo was originally a human-faced bird body, and Renaissance painters have always painted her as a beauty. There are many records of mermaids in the Classic of Mountains and Seas, and the fish people cannot be equated with the mermaids. Mermaids are fish, fish people should be counted as people, the characteristics of fish people are more feminine, good at weaving, tears can turn beads. I have not heard that the fish people have no fish tails, and the male fish people have no evidence.
The lingyu in the Classic of Mountains and Seas.
"Taiping Guangji" has aqua scrolls, the story of many water fish into essence, and the white fish in "Wang Su" is transformed into a beautiful young Jiang Lang, which is a rare case. Fish that can change and have magical powers should be regarded as "fish spirits" or "fish demons", not counted as a fish family.
The legend of the FishMan can be sorted out two lines: a zhiwei line and a mythological line. With a bunch of mythical threads, the fish people and our ancestors are still related to each other. The affairs of men and women are often described as the love of clouds and rain or the joy of fish and water, exploring the source of traces, or related to ancient cultivation customs.
There is a view that Meng Jiang Nu is likely to be a mermaid, or a fish person. If you really want to follow the vine to touch the melon, saying that the goddess of Wushan is a fish person, it can also form a chain of evidence.
Mermaids can be eaten
In ancient texts, since the "Classic of Mountains and Seas", mermaids have been recorded endlessly, but they often only speak a few words, and there is no system. In the beginning, whether it was the "Classic of Mountains and Seas" or the "Book of Searching for Gods", the mermaid only seemed to be humanoid, or like a human voice, such as "baby crying", inhuman, can be eaten.
Mermaids are mentioned in many places in the Classic of Mountains and Seas. For mermaid records, somewhat cruel. There are mermaids in the North Mountain Classic: "Two hundred miles to the northeast, the mountain of the Dragon Marquis, no grass and trees, more gold and jade." The water of determination comes out, and the east flows into the river. Among them, there are many mermaids, whose shape is like a fish, four-legged, whose sound is like a baby, and who eats without dementia. The Nanshan Jing has red squids: "Among them, there are many red squids, whose shape is like a fish and a human face, whose sound is like a mandarin duck, and who eats without scabies."
Red squid, a beast of ancient Chinese legend.
In the 17th century, the Belgian Nan Huairen described a kind of Xilen fish in the "KunYu Tu Shu": "The name of the sea fish in the Great Eastern Ocean is Xi leng, the upper body is like a male and female shape, the lower body is a fish tail, its bones are used for medicinal purposes, and the female fish is more effective in stopping bleeding and treating all internal injuries and bruises." ”
Mermaids are also used to refine oil. Sima Qian said in the "Records of History": "The burial of the first emperor is also based on mermaid paste as a candle." In the Notes on the Water Classics, this mermaid paste is taken from the salamander: "The sound is like a child's cry, it has four legs, shaped like a carp, it can cure cattle, and it is also out of the water." ”
The food of salamanders is recorded in the "Unitary Yang Miscellaneous Tricks", which can be dismissed as sadistic food in the eyes of modern people. "If people in the gorge eat it, they are first tied to the whip of the tree, and the white sweat on the body is like a juice, and it can be eaten only when it goes here, and it is not poisonous." In the "Mermaid Forest" by Japanese manga artist Rumiko Takahashi, the mermaid girl was tied up by humans and ate her flesh, which may be eaten for an eternal life, and it is more likely that she will die violently.
The mermaid in "Mirror Flower Edge" also cries like a child. "The fish is crying like a child, with four long feet under the abdomen, and the upper body resembles a woman, and the lower body is still in the shape of a fish." The emperor fish and salamander are the baby fish mentioned today, and they are also called "baby fish" in the "Compendium of Materia Medica". There is a kind of lazy woman fish in the "Unitary Yang Miscellaneous Tricks", and the characteristics are similar: "Non-fish and non-jiao, as big as a boat, two or three feet long, as color as a catfish, with two breasts under the abdomen, hermaphrodite, take its son on the shore, the sound is like a baby crying." It is said that the lazy woman fish is made by a woman, and can also refine oil, "kill a head to get three or four anointing, take it and burn the lamp, read and spin the dark, and illuminate the joy." "These notes are crudely biased and boring to read. In the "Notes of South Vietnam", the lazy woman fish became an amphibian, resembling a mountain pig on land, and turned into a giant fish in the sea.
The sloth woman fish should be a porpoise. In the "Explanation of Words", it is said that the porpoise "fish out of the Jiujiang, there are two milk", the ancients have long recognized that the porpoise is a mammal. Cao Cao did a study of the finless porpoise in the "Four Hours of Food System": "As big as a hundred catties of pigs, yellow fat, inedible." "In the movie "Chibi", Sun Liu's coalition army burned Chibi and boiled fish oil as fuel, but there is a certain historical basis.
Porpoise.
Socializing with people is a reward
In the Eastern Han Dynasty Guo Xian's "Meditations on Han Wu Cave", the Fish People appeared: "The Wei Le Kingdom is in the south of Japan, and its people take the elephant into the seabed to get treasures, stay in the palace of the Fish People, and get teardrops, then the pearls that the Fish people weep are also known as weeping beads." ”
Both the Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Book of Rites mention the "carved" people in the South China Sea. Guo Pu of the Jin Dynasty once noted that the carving title is "point necropsy, and the painting body is scales, that is, the fish people also". In turn, the fish people are not scales, they are tattoos.
In the Book of Searching For God, the fish people can not only cry beads, but also weave. "Beyond the South China Sea, there are fish people, who live like fish in the water, and who do not waste their achievements, and whose people can cry beads." The Taiping Imperial Records also quote the "Naturalist Chronicle" as saying: "The fish people come out of the water, live in people's homes, and accumulate days to sell silk." Will go, from the master to a vessel, weeping into a bead full of plates, to with the master. Since then, there has been a saying that "the fish people repay the favor".
In the "Search for God", not only the fish people will repay the favor with beads, but also many stories of ghosts and monsters giving beads to repay the favor:
Sui Houxing, seeing the wound of the great snake, saved and cured it. After that, the snake beads were rewarded, the diameter was inch-by-inch, pure white and luminous could be candled, so it was called Sui Zhu Yan in the past.
Wu Wangfu sent the female name Jade, died, the boy Han Zhong, to the tomb before the weeping sacrifice, the female is seen, will re-enter the tomb, leaving the trail inch pearl.
There are cranes shot by the Yi people, poor and returned to ginseng, ginseng adoption, healing sores, sores healed and released, after the crane night outside the door, refer to the candle to see it, crane male and female double to, each pearl to repay the reference.
The closest thing to the pearl given by the fish people is the story in the "Book of the Three Qins": "Once someone fished, and went away, so he dreamed of Emperor Wu of Han, begging to go fishing, the emperor played in the pool tomorrow, saw the big fish, the emperor said: Do you dream to see yes, take and put it, between three days, the pool side got a pair of pearls, the emperor said: is not the fish of the reward." ”
The fish people have heavy treasures, one is the fish bead, and the other is the fish silk. The Book of Narratives says that the Fish People are also called Quanke: "The South China Sea produces Jiao Silk Yarn, Quan Xian sneaks weaving, a dragon yarn, and its price is more than 100 gold." Thought it was not wet in the water. In the South China Sea, there is a dragon silk palace, where the spring is first woven, and there are white as frost. ”
In The Tang and Song poems, there are many chants for the fish. Lu You's sentence "Spring is as old as old, people are empty and thin, spring is like old, people are empty and thin, and tear marks are red and silky", which is sung most widely.
In "Dream of the Red Chamber", Xiangyun lianshi once said, "The sea market is lost.". The theory of Haishi began in the Jin Dynasty, and the "Records of the Three Qis" says: "Mirage on the sea, when the building platform, the famous sea market." Since then, there has been a saying that the fish people run the sea market. For example, in the Yuan Dynasty's Jieyou folk poem, it is said that "the building ship sea market is suddenly set, and the golden guests are countless lines." "Liaozhai" "Luochahai City" an article said: "Haizhong City, four sea fish people, collect jewelry." The four sides and twelve countries all came to trade. ”
In general, a fishman is not the same as a mermaid. The ancients generally regarded mermaids as fish and regarded fishmen as human beings. The problem arises again, according to the "Classic of Mountains and Seas" and "Search for God", the fish people are strangers from the South China Sea, and Cao Zhi's "Seven Revelations" says that "picking Linghua, promoting water apples, making pearl mussels, playing with fish people", why do fish people appear by the river again?
Why did Meng Jiang become a fish?
The story of Meng Jiangnu, a household name, comes from the "Left Biography" "Qiliang Wife": "Qiliang's wife was buried in the suburbs, and it is said that she cried for ten days, and the city wall collapsed." ”
In the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, folk still have the legend of meng jiang women turning fish after death. As Huai tunes: "Carp is a slave family change, thin eyes red tail slim body." Meng Jiang Wanlang is in pairs, and a pair of carp jump the dragon gate. "The legend of Meng Jiang is customary because of the local customs, in Shanghai she plunged into the sea, and in southern Jiangsu, she jumped into Taihu Lake and tearfully turned white fish.
Meng Jiang's female surname is Jiang. According to the Biography of Mao, "Meng Jiang, the eldest daughter of Qi". In the Tang Dynasty's "Tongxian Chronicle", there is a matter of "Jiang Nu going down to the pool". Jiang Nu bathed in the pool and was seen by Qi Liang, who was a servant. Jiang Nu wanted Qi Liang to marry her, "the body of a woman, do not see her husband again, and do not resign."
The Book of Verses says, "Who thinks of the clouds?" Mei Meng Jiang Yi", Meng Jiang woman can weave good embroidery, but also cry, is it not the basic characteristics of the fish people?
In ancient times, on the third day of March every year, there was a custom of waterside repair. In order to ward off evil spirits, xiu zen was also regarded as Valentine's Day by the ancients. The "Zhou Li" says: "The moon of mid-spring makes men and women meet, so when the time comes, the runners can't help it." The Book of Poetry, Zheng Feng, Qin Huan, says: "Qin and Huan, Fang Zhuoxi; Shi and Female, Fang Bingrui." Female: Guan Hu? SER: Yes. And looking? Beyond the water, it is fun. "The woman's initiative and boldness at that time was breathtaking.
According to the "Outer Chronicle of Yaoshan Temple", Xie Lingyun Ren Yongjia was too punctual, a day trip to Shimen Cave, next to the Boat Creek, saw the second daughter Huansha, and her appearance was unworldly. But he mocked him with poetry: "I am Xie Kangle, shooting two cranes with one arrow." Ask Huan Sha Niang, where did the arrow fall? The second daughter ignored him, and he chanted again: "Huan Sha who is the daughter of the clan?" Incense sweat wet new rain. Silence to people, what is good and bitter. This time, the second daughter replied to the poem: "I am a carp in the pond, temporarily out of the creek head food." Eat and return to the pool, where the clouds are found. "Groaning is gone.
Why did Xie Lingyun shoot the fish girl? Some clues may be found from the legend of Heber. The legendary god of the Yellow River is a mermaid. The "Naturalist Chronicle" says: "Xixia Yuguan River, saw the long mermaid out, known as 'Wuhe Jing'. "Hebo once helped Dayu to control the water and offered a river map. In the Chu Ci Tianwen, it is also said that Yi once shot Hebo and occupied his wife: "Hu Shooter Hebo and his wife Pi Luo concubine? "Concubine Luo is the wife of Hebo, and Cao Zhi's "Roselle Endowment" also talks about her.
The image of an ancient fish is metaphorical. Mr. Wen Yiduo's "Talking About Fish" pointed out that ancient poetry often used "fish" as a metaphor for "puppet" or "couple", because "fish is the most fertile creature".
Touching the fish in this muddy water, "Roundabout Morning Glory Star, Kyaukgyao River Han Girl." Fibrous hands, Zaza lane machine. ("Nineteen Ancient Poems") Cowherd Weaver Girl is also a waterside encounter, Weaver Girl bathed and was caught straight, Weaver Girl is also good at weaving cloth, is it also like a fish person? Thinking about Xi Shi Huan Sha again, is Xi Shi also suspected of being a fish person? In ancient times, the love between men and women was nothing more than male cultivators and female weavers, waterside meetings, and the drama people were probably just "drama people".
The fish come to meet in their dreams
In the mermaid record of the Classic of Mountains and Seas, there is also an ancient mythological line: "There are fish that are dry, and the name is fish woman." Death is recovery. In this plot branch, the mermaid establishes a connection with one of the Five Emperors, Mo Mo.
It is also said that the fish woman is a dugong. Female dugongs occasionally have the habit of nursing on the surface of the water with their cubs in their arms, so they are jokingly called "mermaids". This statement is really not beautiful.
Dugong mother and child.
"Its beginnings are also out, to Wakamatsu. Its little progress is also like a ji. "Song Yu's "Gao Tang Fu" records that the goddess of Wushan who made the king of Chu Huai dream of the dream was the daughter of Huan Huan. Also known as Gao Tang and Gao Yang, it is the ancestor of the Chu people. (Some scholars believe that the jaw is a woman)
In the late Tang Dynasty, Li Yan wrote "Three Gorges", recording "the daughter of Gao Tang transformed into a white fish", and the story is not fresh:
In the second year of The Song Shun Emperor's ascension to peace, the Xiren Weishengliang caught a white fish three feet long, threw it into the boat, and covered it with grass. And return to cooking, see a beautiful woman under the grass, white and beautiful, the year can be sixteen or seventeen. He said to himself: "The daughter of Gao Tang, who even turns into a fish swim, is obtained by the king." Ryoma said, "Since you are a human being, can you be a wife?" The woman said: "What is not allowed to be done by the covenant of meditation?" After three years as Liang's wife, he suddenly said: "The number is enough, please return to Gao Tang." Liang Yue: "When will it come back?" Answer: "Those who must not forget their feelings, have thoughts and returns." "After that, he went back and forth at the age of one year, three or four years old, and did not know the end.
Wushan goddesses have countless pseudonyms, such as The Daughter of Gao Tang, Xiang Concubine, Lady Xiang, etc., and there seem to be countless avatars. She is like a Siren haunting the Yangtze River, turning all sentient beings upside down, the difference is that only beauty is seductive, not harmful. Xiangfei "waved bamboo with tears, and the bamboo was full of spots", will the tear bamboo be passed on as a "teardrop"? Du Fu Shiyun "The goddess flowers fall, and the fish people weave sorrows", the goddess and the fish people may really be one.
(Ming) Wen Zhengming "Xiangjun Xiang Lady Figure"
"Many scenes upstairs played the Divine Comedy, trying to break the mourning string again and again. Princess Jiang listened to the fog and rain, and the white waves turned into the air and moved the floating jade. "The Jiang Concubine in Su Shi's poem is also called Xiang Concubine, because in ancient times Xiang han was often mixed. Xu Jian's "Records of Beginners" of the Tang Dynasty contains:
Zheng Jiaofu passed through Han Gao, met the second daughter, and the demon dressed two beads. Jiaofu said to him, "I would like to ask for the admiration of the Son." "The second daughter xie pei and jiaofu and cherished it." Go ten steps, and explore it to die. Looking back at the second daughter is also missing.
Liu Xiang of the Han Dynasty told this story in more detail in the "Biography of Liexian", believing that the "Han has a wandering girl in the Book of Poetry" refers to this woman. Looking back at Xie Lingyun's waterside poem, it was just another sighting of the "Goddess of Wushan", who was a little rude and did not receive a promise gift.
In the Tang legend "Xiao Kuang", the goddess of Luoshui also came to wade through the muddy waters, and the fish people, Zhen Concubines and dragon girls staged a "small reunion". Xiao Kuang first met Concubine Zhen of Luoshui, and then welcomed the daughter of the Dragon Palace, and Concubine Zhen introduced that this was the Lady of weaving. The three of them gathered for one night, and on the occasion of their separation, the goddess gave the pearl and the dragon girl gave the silk.
If you talk about the basic cultivation of ancient poets, those who have no ability to meet or dream of "fish people", you are embarrassed to say that you are a poet. (Editor-in-Charge: Shen Feng)