At present, with the safe return of Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu to the earth, it means the smooth conclusion of the Shenzhou 13 manned mission, and also means the successful conclusion of the key technology verification stage of China's space station construction.
At the press conference on the afternoon of April 17, the relevant person in charge of the China Manned Space Engineering Office briefed on the construction of the space station and the construction process in the next few months, and also revealed a lot of important information.
According to the launch mission, the Chinese space station will need to carry out 6 more launches in 2022 to complete the construction of the space station. In 2023, the Chinese space station will enter the operational phase, at least more than 10 years. And for Chinese astronauts in the future, they will also adopt long-term on-orbit residency and open space experiments and technological tests.
After the safe return of the Shenzhou XIII manned spacecraft, the space station complex is left with only "one ship and one cabin", and the ship is Tianzhou III, which is currently in the backward opposite interface position of the large column section. According to the conventional process, before the Tianzhou-4 is launched into orbit, the Tianzhou-3 will fly around the transposition to the forward pair interface.
According to the China Manned Engineering Office, the Tianzhou-4 cargo spacecraft will be launched in May to bring life and experimental materials to the astronauts of the Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft launched in June. During the shenzhou 14 astronaut group in orbit, two experimental modules will be launched, the "Qingtian" experimental module will be launched in July, and the "Dream" experimental module will be launched in October.
At the end of the year is the launch of the Tianzhou-5 cargo spacecraft and the Shenzhou 15 manned spacecraft, it can be seen that in the next eight months or so, the Chinese space station will carry out 6 key launches, while the middle is also interspersed with the cargo spacecraft subposition downward, the entire process of the space station appears 9 combination forms, especially when the two experimental modules are stationed at the berth of the node module, there will be a standard "T-shaped" combination structure, of course, that is also the basic configuration of the Chinese space station.
According to the report of the relevant person in charge of the China Manned Space Engineering Office, the astronaut crews of Shenzhou 14 and Shenzhou 15 have been determined, and the six astronauts of the two crews are in a very good physical and mental state, and are actively carrying out relevant training and mission preparations.
Who could be the crew of two astronauts?
We can see that when the Shenzhou 13 astronauts returned to the earth in a group, they could not stand, because the microgravity environment in space for 6 months had a great impact on the physical health of the astronauts, and when the astronauts returned to the earth, they could only be assisted by medical supervision and medical personnel to return to the capsule, and they could not stand out of the return capsule, and the astronauts' bodies had to go through the process of gravity and then adapt.
Astronauts seem to be a tall profession, everyone wants to participate, but the bitterness behind it is not something that ordinary people can bear. Now that the astronaut crews of Shenzhou 14 and Shenzhou 15 have been determined, for safety or other reasons, it has not been announced which astronauts were so lucky to participate, but we can screen them according to the composition of the astronaut crews of Shenzhou XII and Shenzhou XIII.
There are three batches of Chinese astronauts, and the third batch of astronauts will naturally not carry out space flights just after being determined, which means that the recent manned missions, the astronaut crew is mainly completed by the first and second batches.
Shenzhou 12 crew: Nie Haisheng belongs to the first batch of Chinese astronauts, has performed the Shenzhou 6 and Shenzhou 10 missions, served as the commander in the Shenzhou 10 mission, so he has a lot of experience; Liu Boming is also the first batch of Chinese astronauts, who has carried out the Shenzhou 7 mission; and finally, Tang Hongbo, as the second batch of Chinese astronauts, has no experience in space flight.
Shenzhou 13 crew: Zhai Zhigang belongs to the first batch of Chinese astronauts, who has carried out the Shenzhou 7 mission and served as the commander of the command; Wang Yaping is the second batch of Chinese astronauts, who has carried out the Shenzhou 10 mission; and finally Ye Guangfu, as the second batch of Chinese astronauts, has no experience in space flight.
In fact, you can see that this is a very obvious old belt new model.
At present, there are 8 Chinese astronauts with flight capabilities in service: Yang Liwei, Fei Junlong, Nie Haisheng, Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming, Jing Haipeng, Liu Wang, and Zhang Xiaoguang. The second batch of 7 Chinese astronauts: Liu Yang (female), Wang Yaping (female), Chen Dong, Tang Hongbo, Ye Guangfu, Cai Xuzhe, Zhang Lu. Here, the six astronauts of the Shenzhou XII and Shenzhou XIII missions are also excluded.
There were 5 left in the first batch: Yang Liwei, Fei Junlong, Jing Haipeng, Liu Wang, Zhang Xiaoguang. There were 4 left in the second batch: Liu Yang (female), Chen Dong, Cai Xuzhe and Zhang Lu.
In fact, the answer is already relatively clear, and Cai Xuzhe and Zhang Lu, who have no space flight experience in the second batch, are most likely "new" in the two multipliers. The remaining four astronauts will be selected from four of The five people, Fei Junlong, Jing Haipeng, Liu Wang, Zhang Xiaoguang and Chen Dong.
Are there any foreign astronauts involved?
China's space station project adheres to win-win cooperation and welcomes all countries in the world to participate, of course, the premise is to pass the audit. Historically, only cooperation is an opportunity to promote the development of human manned spaceflight to a higher level. So far, a total of 9 projects from 17 countries and 23 entities have been successfully selected, the first batch of projects in space science experiments on the Chinese space station.
This means that in the future, the Chinese space station is bound to have foreign astronauts entering, but it must not be now.
Because the Shenzhou 14 and Shenzhou 15 manned missions still belong to the construction stage of the Chinese space station, especially when the Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft was launched, the two experimental modules had not yet been launched.
According to the construction process of the space station, Tianzhou IV was launched in May, Shenzhou XIV was launched in June, and the "Qingtian" experimental module was launched in July and the "Dream" experimental module was launched in October.
The last two space station launches in 2022 will be Tianzhou V and Shenzhou XV, which means that the Chinese space station will not really enter at least a ten-year operating period until 2023, and after that point in time, foreign astronauts will visit the Chinese space station, of course, these foreign astronauts must learn Chinese to enter the Chinese space station, these five things can understand the operating system.
Say at the end
China's development in the field of space is indeed very rapid, in the early days of the International Space Station, the mainland applied to join its cooperation, but was rejected by the United States, can only say thirty years of Hedong and thirty years of Hexi, now we have our own space station. Even in a few years, there will be only China's space station above the earth.
Text/science black hole, image source network intrusion deletion.