Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a message on its official website that at the meeting of the Strategic Expert Group on Immunization, it was proposed that 1 dose of HPV vaccination can achieve the same effect of 3 injections.
So they suggest that women aged 9-20 years old should be recommended to get 1-2 doses of HPV vaccine, and 2 doses of HPV vaccine should be recommended for people over 21 years old.
I believe many sisters already know that HPV vaccination can effectively prevent cervical cancer, but this is the first time that this statement that only 1-2 injections are heard.
So, is it possible to get only 1 injection? Can 1-2 stitches achieve the effect of 3 stitches? Today, Engo will talk about his own views.
"Quick Q&A" text detailed version
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1 injection of HPV vaccine?
HPV is the English abbreviation of human papillomavirus, high-risk HPV persistent infection is a necessary condition for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, so HPV vaccination in women of appropriate age can effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.
But in reality, because of the lack of HPV vaccine, many people want to vaccinate but can't get about seedlings.
Other sisters struggle with prices because hpv vaccines are currently self-funded.
So far, only about 6% of women in The country who should be vaccinated have been vaccinated against HPV, and more than 90% of people should be vaccinated and unvaccinated.
The situation is similar in other developing countries and regions. Therefore, it is understandable that the deep meaning of the WHO's introduction of this policy: the vaccine that was originally given by one person can now be divided into three people.
In this way, it is relatively easier to achieve the who's goal of "eliminating cervical cancer worldwide by 2030".
However, can 1 dose achieve the same immune effect as 3 shots? There is a lack of strong evidence for clinical studies.
According to some evidence released by the United States, if the 4-valent HPV vaccine is only vaccinated with 1 dose, the protection rate is only more than 60% of the 3 injections, which cannot achieve the same effect as 3 injections.
In addition, all current HPV vaccine instructions and most national guidelines or consensus mention that it is best to get 2-3 injections.
Only domestically produced 2-valent vaccines in mainland China can be given 2 injections in people aged 9-14 years old, and other populations and other vaccines require 3 injections to complete the immunization program.
Therefore, replacing the current consensus with 1-2 needles still needs more clinical research to support.
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Why does the HPV vaccine prevent cervical cancer?
According to studies, 98% to 99% of cervical cancers are associated with persistent infection with high-risk types of HPV.
HPV vaccination can effectively prevent the infection of the corresponding HPV subtype, so it can prevent cancer such as cervical cancer to a certain extent.
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How long does the HPV vaccine last? Tube for life?
So, for the subtypes covered by the HPV vaccine, can the preventive efficacy be managed for life?
Unfortunately, this question cannot be answered at this time.
Because the first vaccine was launched in 2006, and it has been more than 10 years since then, and your life has not yet reached anywhere.
However, there is still something to be happy about, according to scientists to test the first batch of people who were vaccinated, found that although the antibodies in their bodies have dropped slightly, they are still very high and have enough preventive effect.
In addition, some scientists have calculated that the HPV vaccine can be managed for about 50 years according to the speed of antibody regression.
Of course, this is just a corollary, we will wait and see.
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Does HPV vaccination also require cervical cancer screening?
In fact, regardless of whether the HPV vaccine is given or not, or the length of time, Enge calls on sisters with sex to do regular cervical cancer screening, including HPV testing and TCT testing.
This is because there are many subtypes of the HPV virus, of which there are more than 10 kinds of cervical cancer, known as "high-risk HPV", and the HPV vaccine can only prevent a limited number of subtypes of infection.
About 70% of cervical cancers are caused by two subtypes of HPV16 and 18, bivalent vaccines and quadrivalent vaccines can prevent these two subtypes; in addition to subtypes 16 and 18, nine-valent vaccines can also prevent five subtypes of 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58.
For other high-risk HPV subtypes, the current vaccine is still beyond the reach of the whip.
It should also be noted that for Chinese women, in the high-risk type of HPV, in addition to the 16 and 18 subtypes, the infection rate of the 52 and 58 subtypes is closely followed, which needs to be paid attention to.
Vaccination only gives you an extra layer of protective armor, reduces the occurrence of lesions, and is no excuse to indulge yourself or not to do screening.
HPV vaccine + regular cervical cancer screening
, a two-pronged approach can better prevent cervical cancer.
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This science popularization is funded by the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission Science Popularization Project
(Project Number: 20DZ2311000)